Dorsal intramedullary spinal epidermoid cysts: Report of two cases and review of literature

Intramedullary epidermoid cysts of the spinal cord are rare tumors, especially those not associated with spinal dysraphism. About 50 cases have been reported in the literature. Of these, only seven cases have had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. We report two cases of spinal intramedullary epidermoid cysts with MR imaging. Both were not associated with spina bifida. In one patient, the tumor was located at D4 vertebral level; while in the other, within the conus medullaris. The clinical features, MRI characteristics and surgical treatment of intramedullary epidermoid cyst are presented with relevant review of the literature.     

以太网中交换设备安全性能主要技术分析与对策

交换设备的安全特性直接影响着网络的安全稳定运行和网络的服务质量,无论是传统的交换设备还是目前广泛运用的交换设备都存在着一些安全隐患.本文分析了交换设备的安全性能和交换机数据处理过程中的缺陷和问题,提出了提高交换设备性能和加强交换设备安全的新思路.     

Bariatric surgery and the gut-brain communication—The state of the art three years later

ObjectiveThis review analyzes the literature concerning gut peptides and bariatric surgery, from 2005 to July 2009. In particular, we are interested in whether, and how, gastrointestinal peptide alterations following surgery interfere with appetite/satiety, and what role they might play in the resolution of comorbidities.Research methods and procedurePubMed/MEDLINE and ISI Web of Knowledge were used to search for human studies concerning gut peptides profiles after any bariatric operation technique.ResultsMost of the studies reviewed had longitudinal design, short follow-up, and low statistical power. The diversity of study results may be partially explained by methodological aspects. Glucagon-like peptide-1, gastric inhibitory peptide, and peptide YY alterations may contribute to the excellent results in glycemic control of diabetics. Results do vary depending on bariatric operation technique; this is particularly evident in the case of ghrelin, which has been much studied in recent years. Ghrelin suppression has been linked to increased satiety, alterations in energy homeostasis, and better glucose metabolism.ConclusionsThere is a lack of long-term data on gastrointestinal hormone profiles after bariatric surgery and the studies have many methodological pitfalls. We still need prospective, long-term, good methodological studies in this area.     

Dynamics of bacterial hand contamination during routine neonatal care.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dynamics of bacterial contamination of healthcare workers' (HCWs) hands during neonatal care. SETTING: The 20-bed neonatal unit of a large acute care teaching hospital in Geneva, Switzerland. METHODS: Structured observation sessions were conducted. A sequence of care began when the HCW performed hand hygiene and ended when the activity changed or hand hygiene was performed again. Alcohol-based handrub was the standard procedure for hand hygiene. An imprint of the five fingertips of the dominant hand was obtained before and after hand hygiene and at the end of a sequence of care. Regression methods were used to model the final bacterial count according to the type and duration of care and the use of gloves. RESULTS: One hundred forty-nine sequences of care were observed. Commensal skin flora comprised 72.4% of all culture-positive specimens (n = 360). Other microorganisms identified were Enterobacteriaceae (n = 55, 13.8%); Staphylococcus aureus (n = 10, 2.5%); and fungi (n = 7, 1.8%). Skin contact, respiratory care, and diaper change were independently associated with an increased bacterial count; the use of gloves did not fully protect HCWs' hands from bacterial contamination. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that hands become progressively contaminated with commensal flora and potential pathogens during neonatal care, and identify activities at higher risk for hand contamination. They also reinforce the need for hand hygiene after a sequence of care, before starting a different task, and after glove removal.     

肱桡关节炎的超声诊断与综合治疗

[目的]探讨超声在诊断肱桡关节炎的价值和综合治疗的效果。[方法]应用高频超声探头对34例肱桡关节炎病人进行检查诊断，从超声表现上与“网球肘”相鉴别，并根据超声、临床表现和普通X线片进行临床分期，针对病情采用不同的方法进行治疗。[结果]制动、局部糖皮质激素封闭治疗5例，症状消失，复诊B超关节囊恢复正常。关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠10例，8例症状消失，关节内积液消失，B超检查关节间隙恢复正常。Ⅲ型在关节镜下手术2例，镜下手术包括病变滑膜切除，关节冲洗，病变软骨修整手术开放手术1例，滑膜切除、关节软骨修复桡骨小头切除。随访3个月-2年，开放手术治疗功能恢复效果不如关节镜手术。局部疼痛症状均消失，3例病人有5。左右的旋转功能受限。开放手术桡骨小头切除病例肘关节屈曲5。受限。[结论]超声作为一种无创、精确、简易、经济的检查手段对诊断肱桡关节炎有重要的作用。根据临床分型采取不同综合治疗方法治疗取得了良好的临床效果。     

甘肃省武威市胃癌发病率对比分析

目的:探讨甘肃省武威市胃癌发病特征及其流行趋势。方法:通过建立恶性肿瘤登记报告获取胃癌发病资料。结果:武威市胃癌发病率1991 ~ 1995 年为 61 62/10 万,1996~ 2000 年为 55 .96/10 万,后期低于前期。年龄组发病率前后两期均随年龄的增高而上升,65 岁以前各组前期高于后期,65岁及以后各组后期明显高于前期。结论:武威市胃癌发病呈下降趋势。     

国产腺苷介入心肌灌注断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断价值

目的评价国产腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断价值及腺苷试验的安全性。方法 102例临床疑冠心病患者行腺苷负荷/静息~(99)Tc~m-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌灌注断层显像,其中70例显像1周内又行冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影检查。腺苷按体重0.84 mg·kg~(-1)通过输液泵静脉双通路给药,对心肌灌注断层显像图作定性分析。结果 70例行冠脉造影者中正常31例,有冠脉狭窄病变者39例(单支病变19例,双支病变10例,3支病变10例);共检出病变血管69支,累及左前降支32支,左回旋支16支,右冠脉20支,左主干1支。腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像正常33例,心肌缺血37例,其对冠心病心肌缺血诊断的灵敏度为82.05%(32/39例),特异性为83.87%(26/31例),准确性为82.86%(58/70例),阳性预测值为86.49%(32/37例),阴性预测值为78.79%(26/33例)。对各病变血管检出的灵敏度为:左前降支75.00%(24/32支),左回旋支62.50%(10/16支),右冠脉80.00%(16/20支)。对单支、双支、3支血管病变诊断的灵敏度分别为68 42%、90.00%和100%。腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对病变冠脉诊断总灵敏度为73.53%(50/68支),特异性96.48%(137/142支),准确性89.05%(187/210支),阳性预测值90.91%(50/55支),阴性预测值88.39%(137/155支)。腺苷试验不良反应轻,时间短,发生率为85.29%(87/102例)。结论国产腺苷负荷试验介入~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 心肌灌注断层显像安全可靠。