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81.
Marc-Antoine de La Vega Grazia Caleo Jonathan Audet Xiangguo Qiu Robert A. Kozak James I. Brooks Steven Kern Anja Wolz Armand Sprecher Jane Greig Kamalini Lokuge David K. Kargbo Brima Kargbo Antonino Di Caro Allen Grolla Darwyn Kobasa James E. Strong Giuseppe Ippolito Michel Van Herp Gary P. Kobinger 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2015,125(12):4421-4428
BACKGROUND. Ebola virus (EBOV) causes periodic outbreaks of life-threatening EBOV disease in Africa. Historically, these outbreaks have been relatively small and geographically contained; however, the magnitude of the EBOV outbreak that began in 2014 in West Africa has been unprecedented. The aim of this study was to describe the viral kinetics of EBOV during this outbreak and identify factors that contribute to outbreak progression.METHODS. From July to December 2014, one laboratory in Sierra Leone processed over 2,700 patient samples for EBOV detection by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Viremia was measured following patient admission. Age, sex, and approximate time of symptom onset were also recorded for each patient. The data was analyzed using various mathematical models to find trends of potential interest.RESULTS. The analysis revealed a significant difference (P = 2.7 × 10–77) between the initial viremia of survivors (4.02 log10 genome equivalents [GEQ]/ml) and nonsurvivors (6.18 log10 GEQ/ml). At the population level, patient viral loads were higher on average in July than in November, even when accounting for outcome and time since onset of symptoms. This decrease in viral loads temporally correlated with an increase in circulating EBOV-specific IgG antibodies among individuals who were suspected of being infected but shown to be negative for the virus by PCR.CONCLUSIONS. Our results indicate that initial viremia is associated with outcome of the individual and outbreak duration; therefore, care must be taken in planning clinical trials and interventions. Additional research in virus adaptation and the impacts of host factors on EBOV transmission and pathogenesis is needed. 相似文献
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Kanchan Ajbani Shou-Yean Grace Lin Camilla Rodrigues Duylinh Nguyen Francine Arroyo Janice Kaping Lynn Jackson Richard S. Garfein Donald Catanzaro Kathleen Eisenach Thomas C. Victor Valeru Crudu Maria Tarcela Gler Nazir Ismail Edward Desmond Antonino Catanzaro Timothy C. Rodwell 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2015,59(1):414-420
Reliable molecular diagnostics, which detect specific mutations associated with drug resistance, are promising technologies for the rapid identification and monitoring of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Pyrosequencing (PSQ) has the ability to detect mutations associated with first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, with the additional advantage of being rapidly adaptable for the identification of new mutations. The aim of this project was to evaluate the performance of PSQ in predicting phenotypic drug resistance in multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) clinical isolates from India, South Africa, Moldova, and the Philippines. A total of 187 archived isolates were run through a PSQ assay in order to identify M. tuberculosis (via the IS6110 marker), and to detect mutations associated with M/XDR-TB within small stretches of nucleotides in selected loci. The molecular targets included katG, the inhA promoter and the ahpC-oxyR intergenic region for isoniazid (INH) resistance; the rpoB core region for rifampin (RIF) resistance; gyrA for fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance; and rrs for amikacin (AMK), capreomycin (CAP), and kanamycin (KAN) resistance. PSQ data were compared to phenotypic mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 drug susceptibility testing results for performance analysis. The PSQ assay illustrated good sensitivity for the detection of resistance to INH (94%), RIF (96%), FQ (93%), AMK (84%), CAP (88%), and KAN (68%). The specificities of the assay were 96% for INH, 100% for RIF, FQ, AMK, and KAN, and 97% for CAP. PSQ is a highly efficient diagnostic tool that reveals specific nucleotide changes associated with resistance to the first- and second-line anti-TB drug medications. This methodology has the potential to be linked to mutation-specific clinical interpretation algorithms for rapid treatment decisions. 相似文献
85.
Angela M. C. Rose Esther Kissling Alin Gherasim Itziar Casado Antonino Bella Odile Launay Mihaela Lazr Sierk Marbus Monika Kuliese Ritva Syrjnen Ausenda Machado Sanja Kure
i Filipovi Amparo Larrauri Jesús Castilla Valeria Alfonsi Florence Galtier Alina Ivanciuc Adam Meijer Aukse Mickiene Niina Ikonen Vernica Gmez Zvjezdana Lovri Makari Alain Moren Marta Valenciano 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2020,14(3):302-310
86.
Working through challenges of subclavian,innominate, and aortic arch regions during transradial approach 下载免费PDF全文
87.
Antonio Facciorusso Valentina Del Prete Matteo Antonino Nicola Crucinio Viviana Neve Alfredo Di Leo Brian I. Carr Michele Barone 《Digestive and liver disease》2014,46(11):1014-1019
Background
Overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is influenced by both recurrence and successive treatments. We investigated post-recurrence survival after radiofrequency ablation.Methods
Data on 103 early/intermediate patients initially treated with radiofrequency ablation and followed for a median of 78 months (range 68–82) were retrospectively analysed. If intrahepatic disease recurrence occurred within or contiguous to the previously treated area it was defined as local, otherwise as distant; recurrence classified as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C was defined by neoplastic portal vein thrombosis or metastases.Results
A total of 103 patients were included (82.5% male; median age 70 years, range 39–86). During follow-up, 64 recurrences were observed. Median overall survival was 62 months (95% confidence interval: 54–78) and survival rates were 97%, 65% and 52% at 1, 4 and 5 years, respectively. Median post-recurrence survival was 22 months (95% confidence interval: 16–35). Child–Pugh score, performance status, sum of tumour diameters at recurrence and recurrence patterns were independent predictors of post-recurrence survival.Conclusions
In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation, clinical and tumour parameters assessed at relapse, in particular the type of recurrence pattern, influence post-recurrence survival. 相似文献88.
Antonino Missineo Antonella Di Poto Joan A. Geoghegan Simonetta Rindi Simon Heilbronner Valentina Gianotti Carla Renata Arciola Timothy J. Foster Pietro Speziale Giampiero Pietrocola 《Infection and immunity》2014,82(6):2448-2459
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that is a commensal of humans and an opportunistic pathogen. It can cause a spectrum of infections, including those that are associated with the ability to form biofilm, such as occurs with endocarditis or indwelling medical devices. The genome sequences of two strains revealed the presence of orthologues of the ica genes that are responsible for synthesis of poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) that is commonly associated with biofilm in other staphylococci. However, we discovered that biofilm formed by a panel of S. lugdunensis isolates growing in iron-restricted medium was susceptible to degradation by proteases and not by metaperiodate, suggesting that the biofilm matrix comprised proteins and not PNAG. When the iron concentration was raised to 1 mM biofilm formation by all strains tested was greatly reduced. A mutant of strain N920143 lacking the entire locus that encodes iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) proteins was defective in biofilm formation under iron-limited conditions. An IsdC-null mutant was defective, whereas IsdK, IsdJ, and IsdB mutants formed biofilm to the same level as the parental strain. Expression of IsdC was required both for the primary attachment to unconditioned polystyrene and for the accumulation phase of biofilm involving cell-cell interactions. Purified recombinant IsdC protein formed dimers in solution and Lactococcus lactis cells expressing only IsdC adhered to immobilized recombinant IsdC but not to IsdJ, IsdK, or IsdB. This is consistent with a specific homophilic interaction between IsdC molecules on neighboring cells contributing to accumulation of S. lugdunensis biofilm in vivo. 相似文献
89.
Fausto Biancari Tomas Gudbjartsson Jouni Heikkinen Vesa Anttila Timo Mäkikallio Anders Jeppsson Linda Thimour-Bergström Carmelo Mignosa Antonino S. Rubino Kari Kuttila Jarmo Gunn Jan-Ola Wistbacka Kari Teittinen Kari Korpilahti Francesco Onorati Giuseppe Faggian Giulia Vinco Corrado Vassanelli Flavio Ribichini Tatu Juvonen Tomas A. Axelsson Axel F. Sigurdsson Pasi P. Karjalainen Ari Mennander Olli Kajander Markku Eskola Erkki Ilveskoski Veronica D'Oria Marisa De Feo Tuomas Kiviniemi K.E. Juhani Airaksinen 《The American journal of cardiology》2014