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The associations between psychotic experiences and substance use and substance use disorders: findings from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys 下载免费PDF全文
Louisa Degenhardt Sukanta Saha Carmen C. W. Lim Sergio Aguilar‐Gaxiola Ali Al‐Hamzawi Jordi Alonso Laura H. Andrade Evelyn J. Bromet Ronny Bruffaerts José Miguel Caldas‐de‐Almeida Giovanni de Girolamo Silvia Florescu Oye Gureje Josep M. Haro Elie G. Karam Georges Karam Viviane Kovess‐Masfety Sing Lee Jean‐Pierre Lepine Victor Makanjuola Maria E. Medina‐Mora Zeina Mneimneh Fernando Navarro‐Mateu Marina Piazza José Posada‐Villa Nancy A. Sampson Kate M. Scott Juan Carlos Stagnaro Margreet Ten Have Kenneth S. Kendler Ronald C. Kessler John J. McGrath 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2018,113(5):924-934
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Ewelyne M. de Lima Andrews M. do Nascimento Girlandia A. Brasil Placielle F. Filete Ieda C. Kalil Dominik Lenz Denise C. Endringer Nazaré S. Bissoli Tadeu U. de Andrade 《Fundamental & clinical pharmacology》2016,30(4):316-326
This study evaluated the effects of the isolated use of a low dose of methyltestosterone (MT) on cardiovascular reflexes and hormonal levels and its geno‐ and cytotoxic safety in ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6), respectively: SHAM (received vehicle methylcellulose 0.5%), SHAM + MT (received MT 0.05 mg/kg), OVX (received vehicle), and OVX + MT (received MT). Twenty‐one days after ovariectomy, treatment was given orally daily for 28 days. The Bezold–Jarisch reflex (BJR) was analyzed by measuring the bradycardic and hypotensive responses elicited by phenylbiguanide (PBG) administration. The baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was evaluated by phenylephrine and sodium nitroprussite. Myocyte hypertrophy was determined by morphometric analysis of H&E stained slides. Biochemical data were analyzed, as well as micronucleus assay. MT improved BRS and increased testosterone values, but did not change estradiol in the OVX group. MT did not promote changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, BJR, serum concentrations of troponin I, weight and histopathology of the heart. MT was able to restore the BRS in OVX rats. The geno‐ and cytotoxic safety of the MT was demonstrated by the absence of an increase in the micronucleus (PCEMN) or change in the ratio between normochromatic erythrocytes and polychromatic erythrocytes (NCE/PCE). 相似文献
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Fernando G. Figueredo Bruno F. F. Lucena Edinardo F. F. Matias Nadghia F. Leite Jacqueline C. Andrade 《Pharmaceutical biology》2014,52(5):560-565
Context: The combination of antibiotics with natural products has demonstrated promising synergistic effects in several therapeutic studies.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of an ethanol extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. (Anacardiaceae) (aroeira plant) and its essential oil with six antimicrobial drugs against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli from clinical isolates.Materials and methods: After identification of the chemical components by GC-MS, the antibacterial activity of the natural products and antibiotics was assessed by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the microdilution method and concentrations ranging 8–512?μg/mL and 0.0012–2.5?mg/mL, respectively. Assays were performed to test for a possible synergistic action between the plant products and the antimicrobials, using the extract and the oil at a sub-inhibitory concentration (128?μg/mL) and antibiotic at concentrations varying between 8 and 512?μg/mL.Results: The GC-MS analysis identified the main compound as δ-carene (80.41%). The MIC of the natural products was >1024?μg/mL, except against S. aureus ATCC25923. Only the combinations of the natural products with gentamicin, amikacin and clindamycin were effective against S. aureus 358, enhancing the antibiotic activity by reducing the MIC.Conclusions: The extract from aroeira showed a higher antibacterial activity and the oil was more effective in potentiating the activity of conventional antibiotics. 相似文献
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Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis 下载免费PDF全文
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Anaphylactic reaction to galactose‐derived oligosaccharide residues from lactose used as a drug excipient 下载免费PDF全文
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Cremildo João Baptista Inês Dourado Tarcísio Matos de Andrade Sandra Brignol Neilane Bertoni Francisco Inácio Bastos The Brazilian Multicity Study Group on Drug Misuse 《AIDS and behavior》2018,22(7):2089-2103
Brazil has a concentrated HIV epidemic among key populations. In 2009, the Ministry of Health conducted a survey in 10 Brazilian cities aiming to estimate HIV prevalence, knowledge, and associated risk behaviors of polysubstance users (PSU). Using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), 3449 PSU were recruited, answered an Audio-Computer Self Assisted Interview (ACASI) and were tested for HIV and syphilis. Analyses were weighted by individual’s social network size generated on RDSAT. Pooled HIV prevalence was 5.8% but varied across cities. Most PSU were male, non-white, without income, unemployed, with low levels of education. Overall, 12.0% used injectable drugs, 48.7% had sex with occasional partners and 46.4% engaged in commercial sex. A majority received free condoms (71.4%) but 76.7% exhibited inconsistent condom use. Findings can support policies aiming to improve health care and preventive interventions tailored to this population that remains at high risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV/STI in multiple scenarios. 相似文献