浙山蛩抗癌作用的实验研究

对浙山蛩的抗癌作用进行了研究,结果显示:浙山蛩高剂量对S_(180)实验小鼠具抑瘤作用,抑瘤率为33.63％,它还可以增强S_(180)肉瘤小鼠NK活性、明显提高T淋巴细胞的转化率并提高艾氏腹水瘤小鼠存活天数。     

腮腺手术与面神经功能损伤及术后恢复的关系

目的:以神经电图和临床H-B系统方法联合评价腮腺良性肿瘤手术对面神经的损伤的程度;并按照手术方式、肿瘤大小、术中面神经暴露时间、面神经牵拉程度分组对照比较其与面神经损伤的关系;同时观察神经电图各相关指标在评价面神经损伤中的特定意义。方法:选择2001-07/2003-10山东聊城市人民医院收治的50例单侧型腮腺良性肿瘤患者。①使用神经肌电图机于术前12～24h及术后3,10,20,80,100d评价面神经功能状态,根据H-B评价体系的理论和方法观察面神经受损状况。②按照手术方式、肿瘤大小、术中面神经暴露时间、面神经牵拉程度分组,观察各组术后面神经损伤情况。③检测神经动作电位的波幅、潜伏时和电位持续时间并计算出神经损伤的变性率,以术前健侧结果作正常对照值,评价在面神经损伤中的意义。结果:①H-B系统显示术后3～20d为面神经麻痹的进展期,40d为面神经麻痹逆转的高峰期,60d后面神经麻痹恢复的机率明显减少。②腮腺全切、浅叶全切及功能性浅叶切除3种手术方式术后波幅值、潜伏时、改变程度依次减少。面神经功能减低程度随术中暴露时间增加而增高。③手术后3d起神经损伤的变性率、波幅值、潜伏时、动作电位持续时间均较正常水平有显著性改变,并在10d时达到高峰,20～40d神经功能开始逐渐明显恢复,60d后修复变化明显减少[术后3d变性率(47.20±14.35)%、波幅值(0.98±0.36)mV、潜伏时(6.33±1.58)ms、动作电位持续时间(9.55±1.82)ms,P<0.05或0.01]。结论:①腮腺良性肿瘤手术对面神经的损伤可恢复。面神经的损伤在术后10d表现最明显,20～40d为神经修复的活跃期,60d后为神经修复的缓慢期或静止期。②神经损伤程度随腮腺切除范围增加而增高,面神经解剖前提下的腮腺浅叶局限性切除最有利于保护面神经功能,面神经损伤与术中暴露时间、面神经牵拉程度等因素有直接关系。③动作电位持续时间、潜伏时的变化对反映早期严重的神经结构损害较敏感,神经损伤的变性率、波幅值主要显示原发性损伤后的神经失用水平以及变性与修复的转变过程。     

Early anthropometry,strength, and function in survivors of critical illness

BackgroundCritically ill patients experience acute muscle wasting and long-term functional impairments, yet this has been inadequately categorised early in recovery.ObjectiveThis observational study aimed to evaluate anthropometry, strength, and muscle function after intensive care unit discharge.MethodsAdult patients able to complete study measures after prolonged intensive care unit stay (≥5 d) were eligible. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and bodyweight, height, triceps skinfold, trunk length, handgrip strength, 6-minute walk test, whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and mid-thigh, knee, and above-ankle circumferences were measured. Body cell mass was calculated from these data. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) or median [interquartile range].ResultsFourteen patients (50% male; 57 [10.5] years) were assessed 11.1 (6.9) d after intensive care unit discharge. Patients lost 4.76 (6.66) kg in the intensive care unit. Triceps skinfold thickness (17.00 [8.65] mm) and handgrip strength (12.60 [8.57] kg) were lower than normative data. No patient could commence the 6-minute walk test. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–derived muscle mass correlated with handgrip strength (R = 0.57; 95% confidence interval = 0.06–0.85; p = 0.03), but body cell mass did not.ConclusionsAnthropometry and strength in intensive care unit survivors are below normal. Muscle mass derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry correlates with handgrip strength but body cell mass does not.     

A systematic evaluation of payback of publicly funded health and health services research in Hong Kong

Background  

The Health and Health Services Research Fund (HHSRF) is dedicated to support research related to all aspects of health and health services in Hong Kong. We evaluated the fund's outcomes and explored factors associated with the translation of research findings to changes in health policy and provider behaviour.     

ACUTE EXPOSURE TO A LOW LEVEL OF TESTOSTERONE IMPAIRS RELAXATION IN PORCINE CORONARY ARTERIES

1. While the gender bias associated with coronary artery disease has been suggested to be partially accounted for by the protective effects of oestrogens, the role of testosterone remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether vasorelaxation could be affected by acute administration of testosterone with and without 17 beta-oestradiol. 2. Precontracted porcine coronary artery rings were relaxed with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), levcromakalim, bradykinin (BK) or A23187. At 1 nmol/L, testosterone impaired relaxations to BK and A23187, while the same concentration of 17 beta-oestradiol potentiated levcromakalim- and SNP-induced relaxations. The impairment of relaxation responses by testosterone was reduced in the presence of 17 beta-oestradiol, while the enhancement by 17 beta-oestradiol was decreased by testosterone. 3. We demonstrate that a low level of testosterone can impair agonist-induced relaxation, an effect that is reduced by 17 beta-oestradiol. This further supports evidence indicating a detrimental role for testosterone in coronary artery disease and suggests that circulating levels of testosterone may undermine the beneficial effects of oestrogen in women.