Double blind study with a new nitroimidazole derivative, Ro 7-0207, versus metronidazole in symptomatic intestinal amebiasis

Of 115 patients with symptomatic intestinal amebiasis, 56 were treated with Ro 7-0207 and 59 with metronidazole in a double blind study. Results of treatment were similar in the two groups and side effects were of low intensity except in one patient who received Ro 7-0207 and developed numbness of hands and tongue, difficulty in speaking, and headache. These symptoms disappeared after termination of treatment.     

Effect of ProRoot MTA on pulp cell apoptosis and proliferation in vitro

ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has been indicated as a pulp capping material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tooth-colored (white) MTA on pulp cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Mouse odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) were exposed to 0 to 100 mg MTA for 24 h. Propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry demonstrated that MTA did not induce apoptosis of MDPC-23 or OD-21 (p > 0.05). Cell cycle analysis showed that MTA induced a modest (but significant) increase in the percentage of MDPC-23 in the S and G2 phases, and OD-21 in the S phase of cell cycle, as compared to untreated controls (p 相似文献   

Periodontitis is associated with preeclampsia in pregnant women

BACKGROUND: Recent investigations have demonstrated a positive association between periodontitis and pregnancy complications. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodontitis and the subgingival microbial composition on preeclampsia. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out in Cali, Colombia that included 130 preeclamptic and 243 non-preeclamptic women between 26 to 36 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemographic data, obstetric risk factors, periodontal status, and subgingival microbial composition were determined in both groups. Preeclampsia was defined as blood pressure>or=140/90 mm Hg, and >or=2+ proteinuria, confirmed by 0.3 g proteinuria/24 hours of urine specimens. Controls were healthy pregnant women. Odds ratios (ORs) for periodontitis and subgingival microbiota compositions were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 83 out of 130 preeclamptic women (63.8%) and 89 out of 243 controls (36.6%) had chronic periodontitis (OR: 3.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.91 to 4.87; P<0.001). Clinical attachment loss increased in the case group (4.0+/-0.10 mm) compared to the control group (3.0+/-0.08 mm) (P<0.001). The average newborn birth weight from preeclamptic mothers was 2.453 g, whereas in controls was 2.981 g (P<0.001). Two red complex microorganisms, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythensis, and the green complex microorganism Eikenella corrodens were more prevalent in the preeclamptic group than in controls (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic periodontal disease and the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, and E. corrodens were significantly associated with preeclampsia in pregnant women. Further research is needed to establish pathogenic mechanisms of active periodontal disease and subgingival periodontopathogens related to preeclampsia development.     

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome subtype 5 (HPS-5) novel mutation in a 65 year-old with oculocutaneous hypopigmentation and mild bleeding diathesis: The importance of recognizing a subtle phenotype

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) ? characterized by the distinct clinical phenotypes of both oculocutaneous albinism and mild bleeding diathesis–is caused by mutations in genes that have crucial roles in the assembly of cellular organelles (skin melanosomes, platelet delta [dense] granules, lung lamellar bodies, and cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte granules). Immunodeficiency, pulmonary fibrosis and granulomatous colitis are associated with some, but not all subtypes of HPS, with varying degrees of clinical severity. We describe a patient diagnosed with platelet dense granule storage pool deficiency (DG-SPD) at age 38 years after he presented with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. His mild oculocutaneous hypopigmentation was subtle. In the following 27 years, he did not develop severe bleeding nor pulmonary or gastrointestinal complications. A novel homozygous c.1960A>T; p.Lys654* mutation in the HPS-5 protein gene (HPS5) was identified through next generation sequencing, (NGS) which is consistent with the patient’s clinical and laboratory phenotypes. This case underscores the importance of recognizing the mild clinical phenotype of HPS-5 and utilization of both laboratory and molecular testing for diagnosis, prognostication, and surveillance for end organ damage in patients affected with HPS.     

La filière de soin des suicidants aux urgences

In France, a suicide attempt is recorded every 40 seconds, and a death by suicide occurs every 40 minutes. Suicide is the primary cause of mortality in people aged between 15 and 45 years. Suicidal tendencies have been identified as a major public health issue since the 1990s. Mental illnesses (including depression, schizophrenia, and addictions) as well as any personal and family history of suicidal behaviour are major risk factors. Identification and treatment of people in a suicide crisis and/or making a suicide attempt can help prevent repeated suicide attempts. Recommendations for good practice make a hospital, and in particular the emergency departments, a requisite location where a multidisciplinary approach is available. This leads to the need to organize a care process from reception to guidance based on an evaluation in three steps: physical, psychological, and social. The implementation of hospital care and/or intensive outpatient follow-up needs to be adjusted to match each situation. Training general practitioners in detection and treatment of suicidal patients and/or those suffering from depression is critical. Training is also necessary for teams in the emergency departments and in the crisis services with specialisation in handling suicidal adolescents or elderly people in some of them. The emergency wards are also, in a large number of cases, the first place of contact with a psychiatric. The quality of welcoming initial cares, relationships between the nursing staff and carers within the hospital and between the downstream organisations will determine to what extent the patients being treated will continue their treatment, will ensure the continuity of care, and will help to prevent repeated attempts.     

Effect of ProRoot MTA mixed with chlorhexidine on apoptosis and cell cycle of fibroblasts and macrophages in vitro

AIM: To compare the percentage of apoptotic cells and the cell cycle profile of fibroblasts and macrophages exposed to either ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with chlorhexidine (CHX), or exposed to ProRoot MTA mixed with sterile water. METHODOLOGY: Mouse gingival fibroblasts or mouse macrophages were seeded in six-well plates and allowed to attach overnight. Freshly mixed or set (allowed to dry for 24 h) specimens of tooth-coloured (white) ProRoot MTA were prepared with 0.12% CHX gluconate (MTA/CHX) or with sterile water (MTA/H2O). The cells were exposed for 24 h to the MTA specimens, which were placed over permeable membrane inserts to avoid direct contact with the cells. Untreated cells served as controls. Propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry was used to evaluate the effects of ProRoot MTA on cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way anova followed by post-hoc tests with the use of the SigmaStat 2.0 software, and significance was determined at P < or = 0.05. RESULTS: MTA specimens containing CHX induced apoptosis of macrophages and fibroblasts (P < 0.05). In contrast, no change in the proportion of apoptotic cells was observed when sterile water was used to prepare the specimens (P > 0.05). Cell cycle analysis showed that exposure to MTA/CHX decreased the percentage of fibroblasts and macrophages in S phase (DNA synthesis) as compared with exposure to MTA/H2O (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This in vitro study demonstrated that the substitution of CHX for sterile water in MTA increases its cytotoxicity. This suggests that the potentially beneficial antimicrobial effect of CHX may be accompanied by an increase in the cytotoxicity of the resulting MTA-based material.