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991.
Akhgar Ghassabian Eszter Székely Catherine M. Herba Vincent W. Jaddoe Albert Hofman Albertine J. Oldehinkel Frank C. Verhulst Henning Tiemeier 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2014,23(9):729-741
Temperament and psychopathology are intimately related; however, research on the prospective associations between positive emotionality, defined as a child’s positive mood states and high engagement with the environment, and psychopathology is inconclusive. We examined the longitudinal relation between positive emotionality and internalizing problems in young children from the general population. Furthermore, we explored whether executive functioning mediates any observed association. Within a population-based Dutch birth cohort, we observed positive emotionality in 802 children using the laboratory temperament assessment battery at age 3 years. Child behavior checklist (CBCL) internalizing problems (consisting of Emotionally Reactive, Anxious/Depressed, and Withdrawn scales) were assessed at age 6 years. Parents rated their children’s executive functioning at ages 4 years. Children with a lower positive emotionality at age 3 had a higher risk of withdrawn problems at age 6 years (OR = 1.20 per SD decrease in positive emotionality score, 95 % CI: 1.01, 1.42). This effect was not explained by preexisting internalizing problems. This association was partly mediated by more problems in the shifting domain of executive functioning (p < 0.001). We did not find any relation between positive emotionality and the CBCL emotionally reactive or anxious/depressed scales. Although the effect sizes were moderate, our results suggest that low levels of positive emotionality at preschool age can result in children’s inflexibility and rigidity later in life. The inflexibility and rigidity are likely to affect the child’s drive to engage with the environment, and thereby lead to withdrawn problems. Further research is needed to replicate these findings. 相似文献
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Hajer El Oussini Hanna Bayer Jelena Scekic-Zahirovic Pauline Vercruysse Jérôme Sinniger Sylvie Dirrig-Grosch Stéphane Dieterlé Andoni Echaniz-Laguna Yves Larmet Kathrin Müller Jochen H. Weishaupt Dietmar R. Thal Wouter van Rheenen Kristel van Eijk Roland Lawson Laurent Monassier Luc Maroteaux Anne Roumier Philip C. Wong Leonard H. van den Berg Albert C. Ludolph Jan H. Veldink Anke Witting Luc Dupuis 《Acta neuropathologica》2016,131(3):465-480
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Contador José Pérez-Millan Agnès Guillen Nuria Tort-Merino Adrià Balasa Mircea Falgàs Neus Olives Jaume Castellví Magdalena Borrego-Écija Sergi Bosch Beatriz Fernández-Villullas Guadalupe Ramos-Campoy Oscar Antonell Anna Bargalló Nuria Sanchez-Valle Raquel Sala-Llonch Roser Lladó Albert 《Journal of neurology》2022,269(5):2573-2583
Journal of Neurology - MRI atrophy predicts cognitive status in AD. However, this relationship has not been investigated in early-onset AD (EOAD, < 65 years) patients... 相似文献
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Carissa M. White BA Whitney B. Pope MD PhD Taryar Zaw BS Joe Qiao MD Kourosh M. Naeini MD Albert Lai MD PhD Phioanh L. Nghiemphu MD J.J. Wang PhD Timothy F. Cloughesy MD Benjamin M. Ellingson PhD 《Journal of neuroimaging》2014,24(1):23-30
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the regional and voxel‐wise correlation between dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with brain tumors. Thirty patients with histologically verified brain tumors were evaluated in the current study. DSC‐MRI was performed by first using a preload dose of gadolinium contrast, then collecting a dynamic image acquisition during a bolus of contrast, followed by posthoc contrast agent leakage correction. Pseudocontinuous ASL was collected using 30 pairs of tag and control acquisition using a 3‐dimensional gradient‐echo spin‐echo (GRASE) acquisition. All images were registered to a high‐resolution anatomical atlas. Average CBF measurements within regions of contrast‐enhancement and T2 hyperintensity were evaluated between the two modalities. Additionally, voxel‐wise correlation between CBF measurements obtained with DSC and ASL were assessed. Results demonstrated a positive linear correlation between DSC and ASL measurements of CBF when regional average values were compared; however, a statistically significant voxel‐wise correlation was only observed in around 30‐40% of patients. These results suggest DSC and ASL may provide regionally similar, but spatially different measurements of CBF. 相似文献
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Albert E. Scheflen 《Psychiatry》2013,76(4):316-331
AbstractWe examined psychodynamic interview tasks and techniques to identify clinical actions that improve or impede exploration of subjects' emotional responses, conflicts, defenses, and central relationship themes. This article extends previous quantitative studies (Perry, Fowler, &; Greif, unpublished; Perry, Fowler, &; Semeniuk, 2005) by examining interview vignettes in 50—minute psychodynamic research interviews. We conducted qualitative analyses on 72 dynamic research interviews given by 26 subjects to delineate categories of tasks and interventions. Results indicated five broad tasks of the dynamic interview: 1) Frame Setting; 2) Offering Support; 3) Exploring Affect; 4) Offering Trial Interpretations; and 5) Providing a Formulation and Feedback of relationship themes and conflicts. We further selected two interviews each from 10 subjects, in which there was a difference of one standard deviation or greater on the Overall Dynamic Interview Adequacy scale (Perry, 1999), and interviewer errors from the Therapeutic Alliance Analogue scale (Perry, Brysk, &; Cooper, 1989). We utilized excerpts from these interviews to highlight the importance of these tasks and techniques in deepening discussion of dynamically meaningful material. 相似文献