促红细胞生成素对实验性肾性贫血的作用

促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)是由肾细胞分泌的一种糖蛋白激素。从人胚肾细胞中诱导,经生物化学方法分离、提纯得到此品。本试验用5/6肾切除的方法造成大鼠慢性肾衰性(CRF)贫血,研究不同剂量EPO对CRF贫血的作用。结果表明EPO有显著的促进红细胞生成,改善CRF贫血状态,使其接近或达到正常水平,最佳剂量为1000 U/kg,并可预防实验性贫血,对正常鼠未见明显作用。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植在肾脏疾病防治中的应用

目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞在肾脏疾病中的应用。方法:应用计算机检索中文科技期刊数据库1994-01/2007-06期间与骨髓间充质干细胞移植和肾脏疾病防治相关的文献,检索词"骨髓间充质干细胞、肾脏疾病",限定文章语言种类为中文。对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献后的引文,文献所述内容应与骨髓间充质干细胞移植、难治性肾病、肾功能衰竭相关,且以近5年发表在较权威杂志者优先。排除重复性文章及Meta分析类文章。结果:①骨髓间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能和可塑性,在特定的条件下可以向肾病大鼠肾脏的肾小球及间质细胞转化。骨髓间充质干细胞移植后可对肾功能等生化指标有明显改善作用。②同种异基因骨髓移植治疗IgA肾病患者后,清除了在系膜沉积的IgA分子。③在慢性马兜铃酸肾病中,骨髓造血干细胞特异标志物CD34~ 细胞减少,推测慢性马兜铃酸肾病发病机理可能与骨髓间充质干细胞受损相关。④骨髓间充质干细胞还可以重建损伤后的肾小球系膜,将骨髓移植后的小鼠制成肾小球肾炎模型,一周后观察发现有骨髓间充质干细胞向系膜细胞分化。结论:骨髓间充质干细胞可分化成为各种肾脏细胞,从而修复肾损伤,为未来解决肾小球损伤、肾小管坏死及其导致的急、慢性肾功能衰竭提供了一种新型的治疗方案。     

Liver penetration of duodenal ulcer.

Liver penetration is a rare complication of peptic ulcer disease. Histopathological examination of endoscopic biopsy is essential for diagnosis as well as sonographic and computerized tomography imaging. Endoscopic examination could not exclude tumor without pathologic examination. Herein, we report a patient diagnosed as duodenal ulcer penetration into liver by endoscopic biopsy.     

Smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy affects preterm infants' docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status

This study investigated the effect of alcohol consumption and smoking during pregnancy on the fatty acid composition of the infants. A total of 40 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants, weighing between 750 and 1500 g, were enrolled in the study after being hospitalized and ventilated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Maternal and infant demographic information was recorded. Questions regarding maternal smoking (none, < 10 and > or = 10 cigarettes/d) and alcohol consumption (none, occasionally, moderate and severe) were recorded. Erythrocyte membrane (EMB; n = 40) total fatty acid analyses were performed at birth (baseline) and on days 14 and 28 postnatally. During pregnancy, 42% of mothers consumed alcohol and 50% smoked. At birth, infants of mothers who smoked and consumed alcohol during pregnancy, had significantly higher blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; p < 0.05) than infants of mothers who abstained from both alcohol and smoking. The consequences of this finding remain unknown.     

Middle ear ossicular replacement prostheses: cause of failure]

There are various prostheses used for ossiculoplasty in chronic middle ear disease. Plastipores are one of the most commonly used prostheses. We performed ossiculoplasty with plastipores in 237 ear operations in a five years period. The results of the operations were summarized and causes of prosthesis failure were discussed. In 55 (23.2%) patients, tympanic membrane perforation recurred. Cholesteatoma recurrence was encountered in 16 (6.8%) cases. The extrusion of prosthesis was observed in 10 (4.2%) cases. The underlying ear disease was cleaned in 156 (65.8%) patients. An air-bone gap to within 20 dB was achieved in 87 (55.8%) ou of 156 patients. In 69 (44.2%) the gap closure was more than 20 dB. The experience of the surgeon in otologic surgery, severity of the chronic ear disease, status of the eustachian tube, extention of the ossicular chain disruption, type of surgery and characteristics of the prosthesis are critical for ossiculoplasty.