Platelet-rich plasma in combination with bovine derived xenograft in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: A case report with re-entry

Prominence has been given recently to the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in combination with bone graft materials for predictably obtaining periodontal regeneration through bioengineering. The purpose of this report was to present clinical, radiographic and re-entry results of a generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) patient with wide intrabony periodontal defects treated with combined PRP and bovine derived xenograft (BDX). A-32 year old GAP patient who received non-surgical therapy and had 12 intrabony defects was treated with PRP and BDX combination. Prior to surgery and at 12 months, probing depth, marginal recession, relative attachment, probing bone and radiographic bone levels were measured. Re-entry was additionally performed at 12 months. Clinical and radiographic measurements together with re-entry results showed marked improvements from baseline with increased stabilization of whole dentition including the hopeless teeth. The surgical technique together with the materials used may be a possible solution for extensive bone loss.     

Self-esteem in Turkish diabetic children

Self-esteem is the state of appreciation arising from the ratification of the ego concept that has resulted in self-assessment of their own skills, preferences, and psychologic traits. If people evaluate themselves in positive terms, we say they have high self-esteem. Self-esteem can be evaluated in relation to factors such as family, parents, level of education, age, occupation, and economic status. Children with diabetes mellitus type 1 live with physical, personal, and social developments that occur rapidly and intensively during adolescence. They also must cope with a chronic disease that may have a negative effect on their lives. This study was designed to evaluate the self-esteem of the children who have a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1 and uses a prospective design. The sample consisted of Turkish children between the ages 10 and 14 years old. The study group was selected from the patients admitted to the diabetes outpatient clinics of the hospitals of the university and the Social Insurance Association, and had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1. The control group was selected from healthy children who were students in a primary school.     

Pediatric focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI findings

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) is the result of chronic renal infection. It is very rare in childhood and the focal form, which is said to be more common in children, is often misdiagnosed as a renal tumor. We report a case of a focal XPN in a 14-year-old girl. The true preoperative diagnosis may be very hard in children especially in the focal form but it seems to be possible by the help of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.     

Octreotide improves reperfusion-induced oxidative injury in acute abdominal hypertension in rats

Ischemia/reperfusion injury plays an important role in the pathogenesis of abdominal compartment syndrome, which is characterized by increased intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether octreotide, a synthetic somatostatin analogue, improves the reperfusion injury after decompression of acute abdominal hypertension. This study was carried out in Wistar albino rats. With the rats under anesthesia, an arterial catheter was inserted intraperioneally and with the use of an aneroid manometer connected to the catheter, intra-abdominal pressure was kept at 20 mm Hg (ischemia group) for 1 hour. In the ischemia/reperfusion group, pressure applied for 1 hour was decompressed and a 1-hour reperfusion period was allowed. In another ischemia/reperfusion group, octreotide was administered (50 μg/kg intraperitoneally) immediately before the decompression of intra-abdominal pressure. At the end of the experiment, liver and intestinal tissues were taken and malondialdehyde (an index of lipid peroxidation) and glutathione (a key to antioxidant) levels andmyeloperoxidase (an index of tissue neutrophil inflltration) activity were estimated. The results demonstrated that tissue levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity were elevated, whereas glutathione levels were reduced in both the ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion groups. Octreotide treatment reversed these oxidant responses. In conclusion, increased intra-abdominal pressure causes oxidative organ damage and octreotide, by controlling the reperfusion of abdominal organs and inhibiting neutrophil inflltration, could improve the reperfusioninduced oxidative damage. Therefore its therapeutic role as a “reperfusion injury-limiting” agent must be further elucidated in intra-aortic pressure-induced abdominal organ injury. Presented at the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Orlando, Florida, May 18–21, 2003 (poster presentation).     

Bilateral Traumatic Globe Luxation with Optic Nerve Transection

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to document clinical findings and management of a patient with bilateral globe luxation and optic nerve transection.

Materials and Methods

A 25-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with bilateral traumatic globe luxation following a motor vehicle accident.

Results

Visual acuity testing showed no light perception. The right pupil was dilated and bilaterally did not react to light. The globes were bilaterally intact. A computed tomography scan revealed Le Fort type II fractures, bilateral optic nerve transection and disruption of all extraocular muscles. The globes of the patient were bilaterally reduced into the orbit. However, the patient developed phthisis bulbi in the right eye at month 3.

Conclusion

Globe luxation presents a dramatic clinical picture, and may lead to the development of severe complications due to the concomitance of complete optic nerve dissection and multiple traumas. Even if the luxated globe is repositioned into the orbit, there is still an increased risk of the development of phthisis due to ischemia.Key words: Optic nerve transection, Optic nerve avulsion, Traumatic globe luxation, Orbital trauma     

Treatment of Gram-positive left-sided infective endocarditis with daptomycin

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of daptomycin in left-sided infective endocarditis (IE) patients. Fourteen patients with left heart endocarditis, monitored with a diagnosis of IE based on modified Duke criteria between July 2010 and May 2011, and receiving daptomycin as monotherapy, were enrolled. The success of daptomycin in these patients was revealed with improvements in microbiological, biochemical, and radiologic findings, as well as physical examination findings. Patient average age was 63.5 ± 14.2 years (36–80 years); 8 (57 %) were men and 6 (43 %) women. The pathogens methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (71.5 %), Streptococcus mutans (21.5 %), and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (7 %) were isolated from our patients. Daptomycin was used in initial treatment in 5 (36 %) patients; treatment was subsequently modified to daptomycin in 9 (64 %) patients as a consequence of drug serum level insufficiency, agent sensitivity to the drug administered, or drug side effects. Thirteen patients were discharged in a healthy condition, with successful surgical treatment in 5 (36 %). Only 1, an 80-year-old IE patient, was lost from advanced cardiac failure. No significant side effects were seen in any patient receiving daptomycin. The most frequent side effects were minimal rises in serum CPK levels during treatment; these values returned to normal after treatment. Daptomycin can be used successfully in left heart endocarditis with no significant side effects. Studies involving a wider patient series are now needed to support the use of daptomycin in left heart endocarditis.     

Polymorphism of the interleukin-10 gene in polycystic ovary syndrome

Interleukin (IL)-10 is a major anti-inflammatory cytokine that has been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the IL-10 gene polymorphisms in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control subjects. Ninety-one young women with PCOS and 74 healthy control women were included in our study. All subjects underwent venous blood drawing for complete hormonal assays, lipid profile, glucose, insulin and IL-10 gene polymorphism genetic analysis and carotid intimae media thickness (CIMT) were measured. The genotype and allele frequencies showed similar ratios between both the control and the patient group. The AA and AG genotypes in IL-10 polymorphism seemed to be relatively high, but statistically no significant difference has been detected in GG genotype. Our results show that IL-10 gene polymorphism of PCOS patients has no effect on inflammatory markers, metabolic parameters (fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR), carotid intimae media thickness and Ferriman- Gallwey scoring. These data will be different in PCOS patients with different ethnical origin.     

Isolated myelosarcoma development in an adolescent chronic myeloid leukemia patient with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), +8, +14, +21, and der(1)(p36)

Additional chromosomal abnormalities are found in 5-20% of patients during chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia and in 60-80% preceding or accompanying blast crisis. These abnormalities are important in disease progression and, because they may occur before hematological and clinical symptoms, can be taken as a prognostic indicator. An adolescent with chronic myeloid leukemia initially presented with extreme thrombocytosis, increased megakaryopoiesis with dysmorphic features, and focal myelofibrosis in bone marrow examinations and then developed isolated myelosarcoma 1 year after onset, with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), +8, +14, +21, and der(1)(p36).     

Application of conformal transformation to elliptic geometry for electric impedance tomography

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging modality that is used to compute the conductivity distribution through measurements on the cross-section of a body part. An elliptic geometry model, which defines a more general frame, ensures more accurate results in reconstruction and assessment of inhomogeneities inside. This study provides a link between the analytical solutions defined in circular and elliptical geometries on the basis of the computation of conformal mapping. The results defined as voltage distributions for the homogeneous case in elliptic and circular geometries have been compared with those obtained by the use of conformal transformation between elliptical and well-known circular geometry. The study also includes the results of the finite element method (FEM) as another approach for more complex geometries for the comparison of performance in other complex scenarios for eccentric inhomogeneities. The study emphasizes that for the elliptic case the analytical solution with conformal transformation is a reliable and useful tool for developing insight into more complex forms including eccentric inhomogeneities.