葡萄冻干粉在线粒体应激介导肝细胞凋亡中的作用

目的 了解葡萄冻干粉（FDG）对线粒体应激介导的肝细胞凋亡的阻抑作用,探讨其治疗肝细胞损伤的作用机制。方法用牛磺酸脱氧胆酸（TDCA）诱导Huh7细胞,建立线粒体应激凋亡模型,用不同剂量FDG进行干预。通过MTT、DNA ladder、Western blot、细胞凋亡率检测等方法,了解FDG对Huh7细胞生长、对TDCA诱导的Huh7细胞的凋亡率、凋亡信号蛋白表达的影响。结果FDG（2μg／ml、20μg／ml、200μg／ml、4（10μg／ml和800μg／ml）与Huh7细胞共孵育,FDG可提高Huh7细胞的活力,以FDG400μg／ml时细胞活力最高。用400pMTDCA诱导Huh7细胞,随着诱导时间延长细胞活力下降、凋亡率增加,出现凋亡条带;Caspase-9和7蛋白酶原被活化,PCNA表达下调。用FDG干预TDCA诱导Huh7细胞48h后发现,FDG明显提高Huh7细胞活力、使细胞凋亡减少、凋亡信号蛋白的表达减少。结论TDCA能触发Huh7细胞线粒体氧化应激凋亡,而FDG能促进细胞生长,减轻肝细胞损伤,阻断线粒体氧化应激介导的肝细胞凋亡。     

新型国产体外膜氧合系统用于大动物短期心肺辅助的模型建立

目的 探索猪的外周型静脉-动脉体外膜氧合及羊的左心室辅助的中短期大动物心肺辅助模型建立的可行性和稳定性.方法 选取家猪3只(体重74 kg、82 kg、110 kg;均为雌性,月龄5～6个月),实验用小型猪1只(体重43 kg,雄性,月龄5～6个月);山羊1只(体重78 kg,雌性,月龄5～6个月).所有实验动物均为健...     

不对称二甲基精氨酸在肺动脉高压中的作用与临床意义

不对称二甲基精氨酸（asymmetric dimethylarginine,ADMA）是一种内源性一氧化氮合酶抑制剂。近年来的研究认为它是心血管疾病的独立危险因子。ADMA的水平增高可能参与一些心血管疾病如原发和继发性肺动脉高压的发生、发展,并与疾病的严重程度和预后密切相关。本文从ADMA的代谢及其相关因子的关系着手,从另一层面对肺动脉高压的发生发展作一综述,并为治疗提供新的线索和途径。     

支气管哮喘缓解期从脾论治80例临床探讨

目的:从哮喘治脾的理论出发,观察对支气管哮喘病人的疗效。方法:随机选取患者,以化痰健脾中药为基础方对患者进行治疗。结果:总有效率81.2%,治疗前后有显著性差异。结论:哮喘治脾的理论对临床有重要指导意义。     

闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

目的探讨临床应用闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折的疗效。方法笔者自2002年6月～2005年5月,采用闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折28例。结果获得随访28例,时间4～20个月,平均11个月。骨折平均愈合时间5个月,根据HSS膝关节临床功能评定：优12例,良11例,优良率82．2％,可5例（17．8％）,无术后感染及内固定断裂。结论闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉能提供坚强内固定,出血少,创伤小,有利于骨折的愈合和膝关节功能的恢复,是治疗股骨远端骨折的较理想方法。     

United States Influenza Search Patterns Since the Emergence of COVID-19: Infodemiology Study

BackgroundThe emergence and media coverage of COVID-19 may have affected influenza search patterns, possibly affecting influenza surveillance results using Google Trends.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate if the emergence of COVID-19 was associated with modifications in influenza search patterns in the United States.MethodsWe retrieved US Google Trends data (relative number of searches for specified terms) for the topics influenza, Coronavirus disease 2019, and symptoms shared between influenza and COVID-19. We calculated the correlations between influenza and COVID-19 search data for a 1-year period after the first COVID-19 diagnosis in the United States (January 21, 2020 to January 20, 2021). We constructed a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model and compared predicted search volumes, using the 4 previous years, with Google Trends relative search volume data. We built a similar model for shared symptoms data. We also assessed correlations for the past 5 years between Google Trends influenza data, US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention influenza-like illness data, and influenza media coverage data.ResultsWe observed a nonsignificant weak correlation (ρ= –0.171; P=0.23) between COVID-19 and influenza Google Trends data. Influenza search volumes for 2020-2021 distinctly deviated from values predicted by seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models—for 6 weeks within the first 13 weeks after the first COVID-19 infection was confirmed in the United States, the observed volume of searches was higher than the upper bound of 95% confidence intervals for predicted values. Similar results were observed for shared symptoms with influenza and COVID-19 data. The correlation between Google Trends influenza data and CDC influenza-like-illness data decreased after the emergence of COVID-19 (2020-2021: ρ=0.643; 2019-2020: ρ=0.902), while the correlation between Google Trends influenza data and influenza media coverage volume remained stable (2020-2021: ρ=0.746; 2019-2020: ρ=0.707).ConclusionsRelevant differences were observed between predicted and observed influenza Google Trends data the year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Such differences are possibly due to media coverage, suggesting limitations to the use of Google Trends as a flu surveillance tool.     

A multicenter retrospective study of transurethral prostate split for benign prostate hyperplasia

BackgroundTransurethral split of the prostate (TUSP) is effective in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, there is still a lack of research focusing on the optimal target population for TUSP. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of TUSP in patients with different prostate volumes or ages.MethodsThe study was a multicenter retrospective study. The outcomes of TUSP in BPH patients with different prostate volumes or different ages were compared. A total of 439 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to prostate volume, with a cut-off value of 50 mL. Similarly, the cut-off value for the age groups was 70 years. Baseline patient characteristics and perioperative outcomes were recorded. Follow-up was performed at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 73.4 years, and the mean prostate volume was 51.2 mL. At 12-month follow-up after TUSP treatment, the patients’ International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) scores, and postvoid residual (PVR) volumes decreased significantly, while peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) increased significantly. Intraoperative hemoglobin (Hb) reduction was significantly lower in the small volume group than in the large volume group. The incidence of postoperative urinary urgency and transient incontinence was lower in the small volume group. IPSS score, PVR, and Qmax in the small volume group showed more remarkable changes at several time points compared to the preoperative period. Postoperative pain scores were higher in the small volume group than in the large volume group. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of long-term complications. The younger group showed greater variation in PVR and Qmax at some time points but less variation in QoL than the older group.ConclusionsTUSP is overall safe and effective in treating BPH. This study showed differences in the outcomes of TUSP in treating different prostate volumes or ages of BPH patients. The optimal surgical approach for BPH patients might be selected clinically based on a combination of prostate volume or patient age.     

住院医师规范化培训中中医病案内涵缺失问题及对策

目的 通过补充中医病案内涵,提高住院医师规范化培训质量.方法 随机抽取80份由中医标准化培训医师撰写的中医档案,参照中医病历书写的基本规则,逐项进行检查和分析.结果 住院中医病案普遍存在的问题是中医病案内涵不完整、不完善,主要表现在四诊记录、辨证依据、三级查房记录等方面.结论 通过调查,实施一系列提高住院医师规范化培训...     

Reassembling of albumin-bound paclitaxel mitigates myelosuppression and improves its antitumoral efficacy via neutrophil-mediated targeting drug delivery

Albumin-bound paclitaxel (abPTX) has been widely used in cancer treatment. However, dose-related side effects, such as myelosuppression, restrict its clinical application. Cell-based targeting drug delivery is a promising way to mitigate systematic side-effects and improve antitumoral efficacy. In this study, we demonstrated that reassembled abPTX could be engulfed by neutrophils in vivo and delivered to tumor site, thus improving therapeutic efficacy and mitigating myelosuppression. First, in vitro analysis confirmed that reassembling of abPTX formed uniform and stable serum albumin nanoparticles (NP-abPTX) with size of 107.5 ± 2.29 nm and reserved the ability to kill tumor cells. Second, we found that NP-abPTX could be engulfed by activated neutrophil in vitro and in vivo but do not affect neutrophils’ function, such as chemotaxis and activation. In a murine tumor model, we further proved that local radiotherapy (RT) induced inflammation activated peripheral neutrophils to capture venous infused NP-abPTX and carry them into tumor tissue. As compared to abPTX, infusion of NP-abPTX dramatically enhanced inhibition of tumor growth treated by local RT and mitigated hematotoxicity. Therefore, our study demonstrated a novel strategy to mitigate side-effects and to improve tumor killing efficacy of abPTX through neutrophil-mediated targeting drug delivery.     

瘤内注射平阳霉素治疗脉管瘤

目的 总结平阳霉素治疗脉管瘤的结果和经验.方法 用平阳霉素瘤内注射治疗血管瘤、淋巴管瘤116例,其中毛细血管瘤13例,海绵状血管瘤86例,混合性血管瘤3例,毛细淋巴管瘤5例,囊性淋巴管瘤9例.116例中男59例,女57例,年龄6个月～75岁.116例患者共有脉管瘤159处,多发性血管瘤27例,占23.3%.头颈部病变149处,占全部病变的93.7%(149/159).结果 平阳霉素治疗脉管瘤治愈率87.1%(101/116),好转率8.6%(10/116),副作用有发烧、局部肿胀、黏膜溃疡、局部组织坏死、肌肉萎缩和过敏反应.结论 平阳霉素治疗毛细血管瘤、海绵状血管瘤和淋巴管瘤疗效高,是一种简便、安全的方法.