不同性别系统性红斑狼疮患儿的临床特征及随访比较

目的 对不同性别系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患儿的临床特征及随访情况进行比较。方法 回顾性分析2008~2018年确诊为SLE的≤14岁患儿79例（男18例,女61例）的临床资料,对男女儿童首发及主要临床症状、器官/系统损害情况、相关实验室指标、随访情况等进行对比研究。结果 首发症状及非首发症状中,男童组以发热发生率最高,女童组以面部红斑发生率最高。男童更易出现肾脏和血液系统的损害（P < 0.05）,其中蛋白尿发生率较女童明显升高（P < 0.05）。女童更易出现关节痛（P < 0.05）。两组抗核抗体、抗双链DNA抗体、补体C3、红细胞沉降率的异常率均很高（>80%,P > 0.05）。男童组的疾病活动度在首次就诊及随访至第9年时高于女童组（P < 0.05）。随访结果显示（随访时间1个月至10年）,在男童组中,3例失访,1例死亡,7例病情控制良好,但均需口服较大剂量激素或免疫抑制控制病情,2例发展为慢性肾功能衰竭,1例出现狼疮脑病。女童组中,3例失访,5例死亡,34例病情控制良好,其中口服醋酸泼尼松10 mg以下维持的有5例,停药1年的1例,停药2年的2例;4例出现狼疮脑病;1例在患病后第7年出现抑郁焦虑状态并有自杀倾向;2例出现视力下降、视物模糊、绿视;1例在服用激素第3年出现双侧股骨头缺血坏死。结论 不同性别SLE患儿的临床特征、部分实验室指标及预后存在差异。男性SLE患儿可能起病更重,更易发生肾脏及血液系统损害,且远期预后可能更差。女性SLE患儿可能更易累及关节。     

Layer-by-layer coating of MIL-100(Fe) on a cotton fabric for purification of water-soluble dyes by the combined effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation

Efforts have been made for sustainable development of adsorbents to purify organic contaminants from wastewater. In this study, a MIL-100(Fe) based textile that acts as a reusable adsorbent and photocatalytic agent was developed by synthesizing MIL-100(Fe) onto a cotton fabric by the layer-by-layer (LBL) process using water-based solutions. As the number of LBL cycles increased, the add-on''s of MIL-100(Fe) showed a drastic increase up to 8 cycles, then showed gradual increases with further treatments. The overall adsorption performance was enhanced with the increased MIL-100(Fe) add-on''s, but the specific adsorption efficiency per unit mass of MIL-100(Fe) was reduced as the LBL cycles increased, implying the reduced average adsorption efficiency with a thicker coating. To examine the reusability of the adsorbent, desorption efficiency of RhB was measured. The desorption after the first-time adsorption was not efficient due to the strong binding inside the pores. For the later cycles of adsorption–desorption, desorption occurred more efficiently, probably because RhB molecules were adhered mostly at the outer surface of the MOF layer. Simultaneously, MIL-100(Fe)@cotton demonstrated the photocatalytic degradation performance against RhB in the presence of H₂O₂ by the Fenton reaction. With the combined effect of adsorption and photodegradation, the developed fabric attained 96% removal efficiency for RhB dissolved in water. This study demonstrates an environmentally responsible process of developing a MIL-100(Fe) coated fabric that is readily available for effective removal of organic foulants in water. This fabrication method can be applied as a scalable manufacturing of metal–organic framework-based photocatalytic adsorbent textiles.

A MIL-100(Fe)-based water purifying textile that functions by dual action of adsorption and photocatalytic activity is designed via a layer-by-layer process without using toxic organic solvents.     

Development of the Korean Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratio as a Tool for Benchmarking Antimicrobial Use in Each Hospital

BackgroundThe Korea National Antimicrobial Use Analysis System (KONAS), a benchmarking system for antimicrobial use in hospitals, provides Korean Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratio (K-SAAR) for benchmarking. This article describes K-SAAR predictive models to enhance the understanding of K-SAAR, an important benchmarking strategy for antimicrobial usage in KONAS.MethodsWe obtained medical insurance claims data for all hospitalized patients aged ≥ 28 days in all secondary and tertiary care hospitals in South Korea (n = 347) from January 2019 to December 2019 from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Modeling was performed to derive a prediction value for antimicrobial use in each institution, which corresponded to the denominator value for calculating K-SAAR. The prediction values of antimicrobial use were modeled separately for each category, for all inpatients and adult patients (aged ≥ 15 years), using stepwise negative binomial regression.ResultsThe final models for each antimicrobial category were adjusted for different significant risk factors. In the K-SAAR models of all aged patients as well as adult patients, most antimicrobial categories included the number of hospital beds and the number of operations as significant factors, while some antimicrobial categories included mean age for inpatients, hospital type, and the number of patients transferred from other hospitals as significant factors.ConclusionWe developed a model to predict antimicrobial use rates in Korean hospitals, and the model was used as the denominator of the K-SAAR.     

Impact of COVID-19 on Clinicopathological Spectrum of Pityriasis Rosea in Korea

BackgroundPityriasis rosea (PR) is a papulosquamous eruption with generally unknown origin but suspected to be related to viral etiologies. The clinicopathological spectrum of several disorders with viral etiologies has been altered after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The author group could experience coherent histological alterations in PR after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate how the clinicopathological findings of PR were changed after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsPatients (n = 11) diagnosed with PR based on the clinical manifestations and skin biopsies between February 2018 and October 2019 and 11 patients in February 2020 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed by investigating the medical records.ResultsThe patients with PR during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated statistically significant histopathological alterations from classic brisk and dense infiltration pattern to dormant and sparse infiltration and psoriasiform-dominant patterns (P = 0.019). PR was associated with more frequent pruritus during the pandemic period (P = 0.027).ConclusionIn conclusion, PR demonstrated a significant histopathological alteration with more frequent pruritus during the COVID-19 pandemic. The comparative results about clinicopathological findings of PR will provide a useful reference for dermatologists in the diagnostic process of PR in the COVID-19 pandemic.     

Catechin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside can reduce α-MSH-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells through competitive inhibition of tyrosinase

Although melanogenesis is a defense mechanism against ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin damage, abnormally excessive melanin production causes pigmentation disorders. Tyrosinase, as a key factor for melanin synthesis, plays an important role in inducing skin pigmentation. Therefore, the inhibition of tyrosinase is crucial in preventing skin pigmentation in the cosmetics and medicine fields. However, the majority of well-known tyrosinase inhibitors have been discontinued due to toxic effects on the skin or lack of selectivity and/or stability. In this study, we evaluated possible anti-melanogenic effects of catechin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (C7R) isolated from the stem bark of Ulmus parvifolia, to discover a new tyrosinase inhibitor that has both safety and stability. When C7R was pretreated in B16F10 melanoma cells stimulated by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, this compound reduced melanin accumulation and murine tyrosinase activity. In line with these results, C7R inhibits tyrosinase purified from a mushroom in vitro like kojic acid and arbutin. Furthermore, C7R exhibited a competitive inhibition on a Lineweaver-Burk plot. Next, the underlying mechanisms of the C7R-mediated tyrosinase inhibitory effect were sought through docking simulation and pharmacophore analysis between tyrosinase residues and C7R. The results of these analyses showed that C7R had binding energy of -14.5kcal/mol, and indicated that C7R interacts with tyrosinase through an aromatic ring and various hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds. Together, our results suggest that C7R can be applied as a novel natural anti-melanogenic agent that inhibits tyrosinase.     

pH-Dependent Photophysical Properties of Metallic Phase MoSe2 Quantum Dots

Fluorescence properties of quantum dots (QDs) are critically affected by their redox states, which is important for practical applications. In this study, we investigated the optical properties of MoSe₂-metallic phase quantum-dots (MoSe₂-mQDs) depending on the pH variation, in which the MoSe₂-mQDs were dispersed in water with two sizes (Φ~3 nm and 12 nm). The larger MoSe₂-mQDs exhibited a large red-shift and broadening of photoluminescence (PL) peak with a constant UV absorption spectra as varying the pH, while the smaller ones showed a small red-shift and peak broadening, but discrete absorption bands in the acidic solution. The excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence shows that the PL properties of smaller MoSe₂-mQDs are more sensitive to the pH change compared to those of larger ones. From the time-resolved PL spectroscopy, the excitons dominantly decaying with an energy of ~3 eV in pH 2 clearly show the shift of PL peak to the lower energy (~2.6 eV) as the pH increases to 7 and 11 in the smaller MoSe₂-mQDs. On the other hand, in the larger MoSe₂-mQDs, the exciton decay is less sensitive to the redox states compared to those of the smaller ones. This result shows that the pH variation is more critical to the change of photophysical properties than the size effect in MoSe₂-mQDs.     

旋转细胞培养系统模拟微重力环境对小鼠成纤维细胞lncRNA表达的影响

目的 研究旋转细胞培养系统(RCCS)模拟微重力环境对小鼠成纤维细胞株L929 lncRNA表达的影响.方法 体外培养L929细胞,随机分为模拟微重力组(SMG组)和正常重力组(NG组),每组3个样本.SMG组回转器轴心与地面平行旋转,NG组回转器轴心与地面垂直旋转,两组转速一致.RCCS培养7d,收集样本,提取样本总RNA,进行荧光标记和芯片杂交.利用Agilent Mouse lncRNA芯片分别检测SMG组和NG组L929细胞的lncRNA和mRNA表达,筛选差异表达显著的lncRNA,RT-qPCR验证芯片结果;利用GO和Pathway分析差异表达lncRNA的功能分布,结合mRNA差异表达谱,进行lncRNA-mRNA联合分析.结果 lncRNA芯片检测分析发现,RCCS模拟微重力环境下小鼠成纤维细胞L929共有238条差异表达的lncRNA,其中134条表达上调,104条表达下调;差异表达的mRNA共有237条,其中53条表达上调,184条表达下调.获取差异表达lncRNA的聚类分析图,对差异表达显著的4条lncRNA芯片结果进行RT-qPCR验证,结果相吻合.GO分析结果显示差异表达的lncRNA与巨噬细胞分化、伤口愈合的负性调节等生物学过程相关,Pathway分析结果显示差异表达的lncRNA与系统性红斑狼疮、TGF-β等信号通路相关.同时成功构建了lncRNA-mR-NA-TF可视化网络图.结论 RCCS模拟微重力环境显著影响L929细胞的lncRNA及mRNA表达谱,基于芯片技术的ln-cRNA靶基因预测和功能富集分析可为失重应激损伤机制探讨和修复措施建立提供理论依据.     

益气活血法对缺血再灌注损伤血瘀证兔心肌细胞间黏附分子-1表达的影响

目的研究益气活血法对心肌缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)血瘀证兔心肌细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)蛋白表达影响,以探讨其对心肌IRI保护作用机制。方法建立血瘀证兔IRI模型,以加味丹参饮对该模型进行干预,采用放免法检测各组炎症因子(TNFa和IL-2)水平变化,免疫组化法观察心肌ICAM-1蛋白表达。结果IRI组TNFa、IL-2水平明显升高,ICAM-1蛋白表达显著增高,与空白组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);加味丹参饮组可以对抗TNFaI、L-2水平升高,降低ICAM-1蛋白表达,与IRI组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论益气活血法可以降低IRI心肌ICAM-1蛋白表达,对抗炎症因子水平,这可能是其保护心肌IRI作用机制之一。     

Platelet Function and Genotype after DES Implantation in East Asian Patients: Rationale and Characteristics of the PTRG-DES Consortium

PurposePlatelet function test (PFT) results and genotype hold unique prognostic implications in East Asian patients. The aim of the PTRG-DES (Platelet function and genoType-Related long-term proGnosis in Drug-Eluting Stent-treated Patients with coronary artery disease) consortium is to assess the clinical impact thereof on long-term clinical outcomes in Korean patients with coronary artery disease during dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) including clopidogrel.Materials and MethodsSearching publications on the PubMed, we reviewed clopidogrel treatment studies with PFT and/or genotype data for potential inclusion in this study. Lead investigators were invited to share PFT/genotype results, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes to evaluate relationships among them.ResultsNine registries from 32 academic centers participated in the PTRG-DES consortium, contributing individual patient data from 13160 patients who underwent DES implantation between July 2003 and August 2018. The PTRG-PFT cohort was composed of 11714 patients with available VerifyNow assay results. Platelet reactivity levels reached 218±79 P2Y12 reaction units (PRU), and high on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity based on a consensus-recommended cutoff (PRU >208) was observed in 55.9%. The PTRG-Genotype cohort consisted of 8163 patients with candidate genotypes related with clopidogrel responsiveness. Of those with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotype, frequencies of carrying one and two loss-of-function allele (s) (^*2 or ^*3) were 47.9% (intermediate metabolizers) and 14.2% (poor metabolizers), respectively.ConclusionThe PTRG-DES consortium highlights unique values for on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity and CYP2C19 phenotype that may be important to developing optimal antiplatelet regimens in East Asian patients.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT04734028","term_id":"NCT04734028"}}NCT04734028.