Cavitary lung lesions and pneumothorax in a healthy patient with active coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) viral pneumonia

Severe respiratory sequelae drive morbidity-associated with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease. We report a case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by cavitary lesions and pneumothorax in a young healthy male. Pneumothorax management with catheter thoracostomy and rapid resolution of the cavitary lesions are described. An extensive work-up for other causes a cavitation was negative and the temporal correlation of the cavities with COVID-19 infection plus their rapid resolution suggest a direct relationship. We propose a mechanism for cavitation secondary to microangiopathy, a cause of cavitation in the vasculitides and a known feature of COVID-19.     

Dyslipidemia and its associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Public Health - Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor known to be associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study determined the frequency of lipid abnormalities among...     

Impact of sociomedical factors on pre-school malnutrition -- an appraisal in an urban setting

The nutritional status of 584 preschool children in an urban slum of Srinagar district was assessed through interviews of mothers conducted in a house-to-house survey, the clinical assessment of child nutritional status, and the anthropometric measurement of the children using accepted standard techniques. The anthropometric measurements of the children were compared to the 50th percentile of the Harvard Standard, while the classification recommended by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics was adopted for the categorization and grading of protein energy malnutrition. 60.45% of the children were malnourished, comprised of 33.22%, 20.89%, and 6.34% of children with grade I, II, and III degrees of malnutrition, respectively. Higher prevalence of malnutrition is associated with higher age, female sex, lower per capita income, higher birth order, and lower parental literacy. Parental literacy status followed by birth order and per capita income were the most important factors associated with preschool child malnutrition.     

Malignant lymphoma of the bladder and female urethra

Primary malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas account for 0.4% of malignant neoplasms arising in the bladder and female urethra, but do not comprise a uniform group, and three subgroups can be identified which account for a majority of cases. The most common is a low-grade B-cell lymphoma similar to neoplasms arising in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue at other sites — so-called MALTomas. These generally display indolent behavior. A second group accounting for approximately one-fifth of cases is composed almost entirely of large lymphoid cells, and these tumors have a poor prognosis. A third possible group comprises only a few patients who present with diffuse thickening of the bladder wall, and have a poor prognosis. The authors present a new case which suggests that this latter group may be of T-cell origin. In addition to these three subtypes, others no doubt await recognition. The different forms of primary lymphoma appear to require different treatments, and some guidelines are proposed.     

The electrorectogram in Hirschsprung's disease

The electrorectographic pattern of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) was studied in 14 HD patients with a mean age of 4.6 ± 1.5 years; 7 healthy children acted as controls. Monpolar recordings were made from a silver-silver chloride electrode situated 1 cm from the tip of a 4 F catheter attached to the rectal mucosa by suction. At least four 120-min recording sessions were performed for each subject. No complications were encountered. Regular and reproducible triphasic pacesetter potentials (PP) were recorded from all healthy children, followed randomly by bursts of action potentials (AP). No PP or AP were recorded from patients with HD; the silent electrorectogram (ERG) was reproducible. Since numerous difficulties in histopathologic interpretation affect the reliability of rectal biopsy for the diagnosis of HD, the ERG may play a role in this respect. The ERG is noninvasive and nonradiologic; however, until this investigati tool is substantiated by the work of other investigators, a histologic diagnosis needs to be made before undertaking a pull-through procedure.     

Constricting band penile injury with urethral transection

Constricting band penile injuries in children may be caused by inadvertent entrapment by a variety of agents including hair, thread, and circumcision dressings. Alternatively, the offending band may have been self-applied or applied by an attendant. Unrelieved, the band causes serious vascular occlusion, progressive tissue necrosis, and injury to the urethra and erectile tissue. We report a case of CBPI in a 12-year-old circumcised boy. The glans was attached to the penile shaft by a tenuous segment of tissue dorsally with complete transection of the urethra. A three-stage reconstruction using a delayed groin flap was successful.