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91.
Thomas Adams William S. Spielman Kenneth R. Holmes S. R. Heisey Michael M. Chen 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1985,13(3-4):237-258
The kidney, with its heterogeneous regional perfusion in the two anatomically and functionally distinct vascular beds of the
renal cortex and medulla, and with its nonuniform blood vessel geometries, presents a unique challenge for measuring intrarenal
blood flow distribution. Determining whole organ perfusion, on the other hand, is comparatively simple for the kidney, but
it provides relatively little information about the suspected dependency of renal excretory function on local perfusion rate.
Among the variety of methods proposed for gauging regional renal blood flow, some depend on measuring one or more of the tissue's
thermal properties. The most straightforward, but least reliable, involve measurements either of focal tissue temperature
alone, or of regional tissue thermal gradients. Simply using heat as a diffusible indicator, however, is unreliable as a measure
of blood flow, for many of the same reasons that using an inert gas in a dilution technique is unreliable. Recently developed
thermal analytical methods, though, hold promise for measuring local tissue blood flow with accuracy and precision. Two of
them are reviewed here. One depends on measurement of the effective thermal conductivity of a small mass of tissue by evaluating
the steady state ratio between regional unidirectional heat flux across it and the associated temperature gradient in one
vector along a segment of it through an imposed spheroidal heat field. The other depends on analyses of tissue temperature
decay subsequent to a controlled pulse of heat delivered through a small inserted thermistor bead. Both techniques use bioheat
transfer equations to deduce regional blood flow
Research by K.R. Holmes and M.M. Chen was supproted by NIH-NHLBI Grant HL27011, that by T. Adams and S.R. Heisey through the
Michigan Heart Association, and that by W.S. Spielman through a grant from the NSF (PCM 8110588) who is a recipient of NIH
Research Career Development Award HL01010. 相似文献
92.
Sanjana VM; Johnston PA; Robertson CR; Jamison RL 《The American journal of physiology》1976,231(2):313-318
93.
94.
95.
Structure of an autoimmune T cell receptor complexed with class II peptide-MHC: insights into MHC bias and antigen specificity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Maynard J Petersson K Wilson DH Adams EJ Blondelle SE Boulanger MJ Wilson DB Garcia KC 《Immunity》2005,22(1):81-92
T cell receptor crossreactivity with different peptide ligands and biased recognition of MHC are coupled features of antigen recognition that are necessary for the T cell's diverse functional repertoire. In the crystal structure between an autoreactive, EAE T cell clone 172.10 and myelin basic protein (1-11) presented by class II MHC I-Au, recognition of the MHC is dominated by the Vbeta domain of the TCR, which interacts with the MHC alpha chain in a manner suggestive of a germline-encoded TCR/MHC "anchor point." Strikingly, there are few specific contacts between the TCR CDR3 loops and the MBP peptide. We also find that over 1,000,000 different peptides derived from combinatorial libraries can activate 172.10, yet the TCR strongly prefers the native MBP contact residues. We suggest that while TCR scanning of pMHC may be degenerate due to the TCR germline bias for MHC, recognition of structurally distinct agonist peptides is not indicative of TCR promiscuity, but rather highly specific alternative solutions to TCR engagement. 相似文献
96.
97.
Adams AK Talman EA Campbell L McIlroy BK Moore MA 《Journal of biomedical materials research》2001,57(4):582-587
Bovine pericardial and porcine valve materials stabilized by dye-mediated photooxidation have shown potential for bioprosthetic valve use. Previously, in vitro and in vivo stability of these materials was demonstrated through enzymatic, chemical, extraction, rat subcutaneous, and functional challenges. Here, we examine the stability of photooxidized porcine aortic valves through amino acid, crosslink, and hydrothermal isometric tension analysis. Photooxidation reduced intact histidine residues from 17.0 to 0 residues per 1000, indicating the photooxidative alteration of this amino acid. Diphenyl borinic acid-derivitized hydrolyzates of proteins were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, which identified several amino acid crosslinks that appeared with photooxidation that were absent in untreated controls. Thermal relaxation analysis indicated a significantly higher (p < 0.0002) thermal stability for photooxidized porcine cusps than that of untreated controls, with mean relaxation times for untreated cusps of 14,000 +/- 4650 versus 22,900 +/- 2480 s for photooxidized cusps. In summary, porcine aortic valve tissue treated by dye-mediated photooxidation contains new chemical species and exhibits properties consistent with intermolecular crosslink formation, which explain the increased biostability of this material and its potential for use in bioprosthetic devices. 相似文献
98.
Paul Kruszka Tommy Hu Sungkook Hong Rebecca Signer Benjamin Cogné Betrand Isidor Sarah E. Mazzola Jacques C. Giltay Koen L. I. van Gassen Eleina M. England Lynn Pais Charlotte W. Ockeloen Pedro A. Sanchez‐Lara Esther Kinning Darius J. Adams Kayla Treat Wilfredo Torres‐Martinez Maria F. Bedeschi Maria Iascone Stephanie Blaney Oliver Bell Tiong Y. Tan Marie‐Ange Delrue Julie Jurgens Brenda J. Barry Elizabeth C. Engle Sarah K. Savage Nicole Fleischer Julian A. Martinez‐Agosto Kym Boycott Elaine H. Zackai Maximilian Muenke 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2019,179(10):2075-2082
Zinc finger protein 462 (ZNF462) is a relatively newly discovered vertebrate specific protein with known critical roles in embryonic development in animal models. Two case reports and a case series study have described the phenotype of 10 individuals with ZNF462 loss of function variants. Herein, we present 14 new individuals with loss of function variants to the previous studies to delineate the syndrome of loss of function in ZNF462. Collectively, these 24 individuals present with recurring phenotypes that define a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. Most have some form of developmental delay (79%) and a minority has autism spectrum disorder (33%). Characteristic facial features include ptosis (83%), down slanting palpebral fissures (58%), exaggerated Cupid's bow/wide philtrum (54%), and arched eyebrows (50%). Metopic ridging or craniosynostosis was found in a third of study participants and feeding problems in half. Other phenotype characteristics include dysgenesis of the corpus callosum in 25% of individuals, hypotonia in half, and structural heart defects in 21%. Using facial analysis technology, a computer algorithm applying deep learning was able to accurately differentiate individuals with ZNF462 loss of function variants from individuals with Noonan syndrome and healthy controls. In summary, we describe a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome associated with haploinsufficiency of ZNF462 that has distinct clinical characteristics and facial features. 相似文献
99.
100.