Back pain in adults living in quilombola territories of Bahia,Northeastern Brazil

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the factors associated with back pain in adults who live in quilombola territories.

METHODS

A population-based survey was performed on quilombola communities of Vitória da Conquista, state of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. The sample (n = 750) was established via a raffle of residences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to investigate sociodemographics and employment characteristics, lifestyle, and health conditions. The outcome was analyzed as a dichotomous variable (Poisson regression).

RESULTS

The prevalence of back pain was of 39.3%. Age ≥ 30 years and being a smoker were associated with the outcome. The employment status was not related to back pain.

CONCLUSIONS

The survey identified a high prevalence of back pain in adults. It is suggested to support the restructuring of the local public service in order to outline programs and access to healthy practices, assistance, diagnosis, and treatment of spine problems.     

Subcutaneous immunoglobulin in CIDP and MMN: a short-term nationwide study

This multi-center Italian prospective observational study reports the 4 months follow-up data of 87 patients affected by chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) shifted from intravenous to subcutaneous immunoglobulin treatment. A therapeutic shift from intravenous to subcutaneous immunoglobulin was performed in 87 patients (66 CIDP; 21 MMN) affected by immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies with evidence of a sustained clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin. Patients were evaluated by means of the Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale, Medical Research Council Scale and Life Quality Index questionnaire, both at the time of therapeutic shift and after 4 months of subcutaneous immunoglobulin treatment. A sustained clinical efficacy was observed after the switch to subcutaneous immunoglobulin: the Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale score improved in the group of 66 CIDP patients (P = 0.018), with only one subject reporting a worsening of 1 point, and remained stable in the group of 21 MMN patients (P = 0.841), with one subject reporting a worsening of two points. An improvement in the patient’s perception of therapeutic setting was reported in both groups. This large multi-center study confirms the short-term clinical equivalence of subcutaneous versus intravenous immunoglobulin and a possible improvement in the patient’s perception of therapeutic setting with the subcutaneous administration. However, further studies are required to extend the results to a longer observational period.     

Short-Term Skin Reactions Associated to Sleeve Gastrectomy in Eight Patients

Background

Bariatric procedures have beneficial effects on metabolic disturbances, including dermatological conditions. Short-term skin reactions associated with sleeve gastrectomy are not described in the literature.

Methods

We reviewed our database for patients who underwent bariatric surgery between May and October 2013 who reported a cutaneous rash during the short-term post-surgical period.

Results

Of a total of 195 patients, 8 (0.02 %) developed acute skin reactions during the first 3 months. Case 1 was compatible with reticulated papillomatosis. Case 2 was diagnosed as recurrent angioedema. Cases 3, 4, and 7 presented a cutaneous drug reaction to vitamin supplementation. Cases 5, 6, and 8 seemed to be secondary to xerosis and responded to lubrication.

Conclusion

Acute cutaneous skin reactions after bariatric surgery are unusual. When they do occur, they appear to be benign conditions.     

Discovery of Potent and Simplified Piperidinone-Based Inhibitors of the MDM2–p53 Interaction

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The Long Elusive IgM Fc Receptor,FcμR

IgM exists as both a monomer on the surface of B cells and a pentamer secreted by plasma cells. Both pre-immune “natural” and antigen-induced “immune” IgM antibodies are important for protective immunity and for immune regulation of autoimmune processes by recognizing pathogens and self-antigens. Effector proteins interacting with the Fc portion of IgM, such as complement and complement receptors, have thus far been proposed but fail to fully account for the IgM-mediated protection and regulation. A major reason for this deficit in our understanding of IgM function seems to be lack of data on a long elusive Fc receptor for IgM (FcμR). We have recently identified a bona fide FcμR in both humans and mice. In this article we briefly review what we have learned so far about FcμR.     

Does family history of depression predict major depression in midlife women? Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation Mental Health Study (SWAN MHS)

This study aims to determine whether family history of depression predicts major depression in midlife women independent of psychosocial and health profiles at midlife. Participants were 303 African American and Caucasian women (42–52 years at baseline) recruited into the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) and the Women’s Mental Health Study (MHS) in Pittsburgh. Major depression was assessed annually with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Family mental health history was collected at the ninth or tenth follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine whether family history of depression predicted major depression in midlife, adjusting for covariates. The odds of experiencing major depression during the study were three times greater for those with a family history than for those without a family history (OR?=?3.22, 95 % CI?=?1.95–5.31). Family history predicted depression (OR?=?2.67, 95 % CI?=?1.50–4.78) after adjusting for lifetime history of depression, age, trait anxiety, chronic medical conditions, and stressful life events. In analyses stratified by lifetime history of depression, family history significantly predicted depression only among women with a lifetime history of depression. Family history of depression predicts major depression in midlife women generally, but particularly in those with a lifetime history of depression prior to midlife.