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Abiodun O. Johnson Isaac A. Grillo Samuel A. Adebonojo 《Journal of the National Medical Association》1980,72(4):315-318
This report documents the first recorded patient in the recent literature with an esophageal perforation and an esophagopleural fistula following chest intubation for empyema. It was treated successfully by conservative method with feeding gastrostomy. It is important to realize that tube thoracostomy drainage is not an innocuous procedure and to be alert to this complication, especially in the presence of empyema. 相似文献
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Isiaka Ayofe Adekunle Christian Eseigbe Imafidon Ayowole Abraham Oladele Abiodun Oladele Ayoka 《Pathophysiology》2018,25(2):101-115
Cyclosporine (CYA), a common immuno-suppressant drug that is used in organ transplants, is associated with nephrotoxic effects. Scientific exploration of natural products of plant origin should be considered; especially, in a world with increasing prevalence of kidney diseases. Effects of ginger polyphenols (GP) in Wistar rats with CYA-induced perturbations in electrolyte balance and kidney function was determined. Fifty Wistar rats were recruited for this study such that graded doses of GP were administered following CYA-induced kidney injury and comparisons were made against control and toxic groups at p?<?0.05. Distilled water, CYA (50?mg/kg p.o. for 10 days) and GP (100, 200 and 400?mg/kg p.o. for 21 days) were administered to the rats at 0.2?ml/100?g. CYA administration induced kidney injury as characterized by significant deleterious alterations in plasma and urine levels of creatinine, urea, Na+ and K+ electrolyte balance as well as creatinine clearance. Also, there was a significant derangement in feeding pattern and relative kidney weight. Using GSH and SOD as antioxidant indicators, there was significant disturbance of the anti-oxidant system while histopathological results showed evidence of interstitial vacuolations with atrophic glomeruli. These conditions were significantly attenuated (p?<?0.05) following administration of graded doses of GP. It was, therefore, concluded that GP could potentially be a therapeutic choice for patients with CYA-induced kidney injury. 相似文献
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Xiao-Fei Wang Guo-Hua Bi Yi He Hong-Ju Yang Jun-Tao Gao Oluyomi M Okunola-Bakare Rachel D Slack Eliot L Gardner Zheng-Xiong Xi Amy Hauck Newman 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2015,40(7):1762-1771
(±)-Modafinil (MOD) is used clinically for the treatment of sleep disorders and has been investigated as a potential medication for the treatment of psychostimulant addiction. However, the therapeutic efficacy of (±)-MOD for addiction is inconclusive. Herein we used animal models of self-administration and in vivo microdialysis to study the pharmacological actions of R-modafinil (R-MOD) and S-modafinil (S-MOD) on nicotine-taking and nicotine-seeking behavior, and mechanisms underlying such actions. We found that R-MOD is more potent and effective than S-MOD in attenuating nicotine self-administration in Long–Evans rats. As Long–Evans rats did not show a robust reinstatement response to nicotine, we used alcohol-preferring rats (P-rats) that display much higher reinstatement responses to nicotine than Long–Evans rats. We found that R-MOD significantly inhibited intravenous nicotine self-administration, nicotine-induced reinstatement, and nicotine-associated cue-induced drug-seeking behavior in P-rats. R-MOD alone neither sustained self-administration in P-rats previously self-administering nicotine nor reinstated extinguished nicotine-seeking behavior. The in vivo brain microdialysis assays demonstrated that R-MOD alone produced a slow-onset moderate increase in extracellular DA. Pretreatment with R-MOD dose-dependently blocked nicotine-induced dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in both naive and nicotine self-administrating rats, suggesting a DA-dependent mechanism underlying mitigation of nicotine''s effects. In conclusion, the present findings support further investigation of R-MOD for treatment of nicotine dependence in humans. 相似文献