补阳还五汤对大鼠心肺复苏后脑水肿和细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨补阳还五汤(BHD)对心肺复苏(CPR)后脑水肿和细胞凋亡的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠24只按随机数字表法均分为假手术组、复苏组、BHD组.采用窒息法建立大鼠CPR模型,分别于自主循环恢复(ROSC)时和ROSC 12 h灌胃生理盐水或BHD.各组于ROSC 24 h取左侧大脑,采用干湿比重法计算脑组织含水量,原位末端缺刻标记法检测凋亡细胞,免疫组化法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax和Fas蛋白表达.结果 与假手术组比较,复苏组在ROSC后24 h脑含水量增加[(80.99±0.83)%比(78.60±0.46)%,P<0.05],脑凋亡相关蛋白Bax[(32.1±6.4)个/HP比(5.6±3.0)个/HP]、Bcl-2[(15.0±6.0)个/HP比(6.9±2.9)个/HP]、Fas[(17.3±7.7)个/HP比(3.9±2.0)个/HP]以及脑细胞凋亡[(47.5±8.5)个/HP比(10.6±4.7)个/HP]的表达增加(均P<0.01);与复苏组比较,BHD组脑含水量[(79.09±0.97)%]减少,Bax[(17.1±6.2)个/HP]、Fas蛋白[(10.9±4.3)个/HP]表达和细胞凋亡[(33.4±6.6)个/HP]明显降低, Bcl-2蛋白表达[(35.5±7.0)个/HP]明显增加(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 BHD能够减轻脑水肿,减少细胞凋亡,具有脑保护作用.     

下肢气单胞菌感染致脓毒症三例

我院自2004年11月至2006年7月，收治3例气单胞菌感染引起的下肢坏死性肌炎／筋膜炎、多脏器功能不全为主要表现的脓毒症患者，现总结报告如下。     

Changes of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and the Effects of Ulinastatin Injection during Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation

The changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and brain ultrastructure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the effects of ulinastation injection were observed, and the mechanism was investigated. Twenty-four adult healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (8 rats), resuscitation group (8 rats) and ulinastatin (UTI) group (8 rats). Rats in control group underwent tracheotomy without clipping the trachea to induce circulatory and respiratory standstill. Rats in resuscitation and ulinastatin group were subjected to the procedure of establishing the model of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR). Rats in ulinastatin group were given with UTI 104 U/kg once after CPCR. In the control group, the plasma was collected immediate, 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after tracheotomy. In resuscitation group and UTI group, plasma was collected immediate after tracheotomy, 30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 6 h after successful resuscitation. The plasma levels of TNF-α were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). At the end of the experiment, 2 rats were randomly selected from each group and were decapitated. The cortex of the brain was taken out immediately to observe the ultrastructure changes. In control group, there were no significant differences in the level of TNF-α among different time points (P>0.05). In resuscitation group, the level of TNF-α was increased obviously after resuscitation (P<0.01) and reached its peak 2 h later after resuscitation. An increasing trend of TNF-α showed in UTI group. There were no differences in TNF-α among each sample taken after successful resuscitation and that after tracheotomy. The utrastructure of brains showed the injury in UTI group was ameliorated as compared with that in resuscitation group. In early period of CPCR, TNF-α was expressed rapidly and kept increasing. It indicated that TNF-α might take part in the tissue injury after CPCR. The administration of UTI during CACR could depress TNF-α and ameliorate brain injury. By regulating the expression of damaging mediator, UTI might provide a protective effect on the tissue injury after CPCR.     

下肢创伤弧菌感染所致脓毒血症的临床治疗

创伤弧菌(Vibrio vulnificus)为嗜盐性海生G-杆菌属,Roland在1970年首先报道由创伤弧菌感染引起小腿坏疽和内毒素性休克,美国、西班牙、日本、我国台湾等国家和地区的一些沿海城市相继有创伤弧菌感染的临床报告,然而在祖国大陆沿海关于创伤弧菌感染的病例报道十分罕见。近几年来,我们报告过浙江温州地区陆续发生创伤弧菌脓毒血症引起死亡的病例。该病起病急,病情进展快,病死率高,是一种致命性的重要疾病。为此,我们对下肢创伤弧菌感染所致脓毒血症的早期临床治疗进行探讨。     

醒脑静注射液对脑缺血再灌注损伤家兔一氧化氮和内皮素水平的影响

醒脑静注射液对脑缺血再灌注损伤家兔一氧化氮和内皮素水平的影响     

下肢创伤弧菌感染性脓毒血症的诊治体会

目的:总结成功救治下肢创伤弧菌感染性脓毒血症的诊治体会.方法:5例早期诊断为下肢创伤弧菌感染性脓毒血症的患者,入院1～2 h内患肢多切口切开减张、引流,创面局部外用磺胺米隆 氯霉素简单包扎,创面半暴露结合远红外线间歇照射治疗.7～10 d左右病情稳定或好转后予以清创术.2例患者清创后,病情不稳定,肢体感染重,肌肉大部坏死.为挽救生命而将患肢截肢;3例患者清创后予植皮修复创面.结果:5例患者全部治愈出院,3例下肢病变较轻,经清创、植皮后保存患肢治愈,2例下肢病变重,肌肉坏死明显,予截肢后治愈,随访至今均无异常.结论:早期诊断并尽早通过外科手术切开减张引流且彻底切除坏死组织,是提高下肢创伤弧菌性脓毒血症生存率的关键.     

川芎合并蒿本急性中毒致心搏呼吸骤停抢救成功1例

成功抢救1例川芎合并蒿本急性中毒致心搏、呼吸骤停患者,报告如下.     

二甲基甲酰胺急性中毒的临床诊断与治疗

目的探讨二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)急性中毒的临床诊断与治疗方法。方法收集39例急性DMF中毒病例临床资料，对中毒症状、体征、实验室检查、治疗结果进行总结、分析其特点。结果39例患者主要表现为腹痛、恶心、腹部压痛、头痛等，GPT升高占82％。常规予以补液、VB6和VC、654—2或阿托品注射液解痉、雷尼替丁抗酸等治疗。27例GPT升高者应用甘利欣治疗后5～25d恢复正常。10例腹痛剧烈者用消炎痛栓或度冷丁治疗效果差，6例应用二巯基丙磺钠针，其中5例患者腹痛在1-2d内消失，1例5d消失；其余腹痛者在7d内消失。所有患者均2周内病情好转出院。结论临床诊断应有明确的DMF接触史、临床表现，还要排除其他疾病。急性DMF中毒的以消化系统损害为主，突出表现为腹痛伴GOT升高。常规予以补液、解痉、止痛、抗酸、护肝等治疗效果不良，二巯基丙磺钠对DMF急性中毒的解毒作用值得进一步研究。     

在高等医学院校设置《急诊医学》选修课程的探索

1 医学本科生要适应现代医学发展,掌握急诊医学基本知识 急诊医学是一门适应现代医学发展应运而生的新兴学科,作为整个医学的一部分,必然受国家政治和经济发展的影响。目前,我国政治稳定,经济建设飞速发展,人们生活水平的提高,对外开放、交流日益增多,这些已极大促进急诊医学的发展。 急诊医学它不仅独立,还涉及临床各科互相关连的各种     

补阳还五汤对窒息型大鼠心肺复苏后脑损伤的影响

目的：探讨补阳还五汤（BHD）对心肺复苏（cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR）后脑水肿和脑损伤指标的影响。方法：成年雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为假手术对照组、复苏组、BHD组。建立窒息型大鼠CPR模型,于复苏后24 h取样,采用干湿重法计算脑组织含水量,应用双抗体夹心酶标免疫分析法检测血清和脑组织匀浆的S100B蛋白和神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）含量。结果：与假手术对照组比较,复苏组在自主循环恢复（restoration of spontaneous circulation,ROSC）后24 h脑水含量增加,复苏组大鼠血清和脑组织S100B、NSE含量显著升高;与复苏组比较,BHD组脑水肿减轻,大鼠血清和脑组织匀浆S100B、NSE含量显著降低。结论：BHD能够降低脑水肿,降低脑损伤指标,可能在CPR中具有脑保护作用。