2009年黑龙江省大骨节病历史病区成人颈动脉粥样硬化调查

目的 调察黑龙江省大骨节病历史病区成人大骨节病病例颈动脉粥样硬化的流行强度,探讨成人大骨节病与动脉粥样硬化发生的关系.方法 2009年,在黑龙江省大骨节病病区山河农场、尚志市和非病区双城县兰棱镇(简称双城对照区),各调查5个村,以40岁以上病区大骨节病患者和双城对照区居民为观察对象,用便携式彩超进行了颈动脉粥样硬化检查,保留超声图片并按病变程度诊断记分.结果山河病区5个村大骨节病病例颈动脉粥样硬化检出率分别为50.0%(26/52)、37.3%(19/51)、42.5%(30/71)、58.2%(39/67)、44.0%(22/50);尚志病区5个村分别为63.0%(34/54)、45.3%(24/53)、47.2%(25/53)、60.0%(30/50)、51.9%(28/54);双城对照区5个村分别为63.9%(46/72)、43.1%(31/72)、57.1%(40/70)、46.9%(30/64)、53.0%(35/66).以村为单位,山河、尚志病区与双城对照区颈动脉粥样硬化标准化检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(T值分别为25.0、24.5,P均＞0.05);3个地区间颈动脉粥样硬化标准化检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.36,P＞0.05);3个地区间颈动脉粥样硬化标准化严重程度比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=15.28,P＜0.05),其中尚志病区与双城对照区比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=8.92,P＜0.05).大骨节病患者病情严重程度与颈动脉粥样硬化的标准化检出率和严重程度间均未见明显关联(x2值分别为1.88、5.07,P均＞0.05).结论黑龙江省大骨节病历史病区成人颈动脉粥样硬化检出率不高于非病区.     

2009年山西省饮水高砷区成人颈动脉粥样硬化调查

Objective To investigate the relationship between drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis and adult carotid artery atherosclerosis. Methods In 2009, 285 participants aged over 40 from drinking-water type of endemic arsenism areas and 293 residents aged over 40 from control areas were investigated in Yingxian county,Shanxi province. Portable-type B mode color ultrasound was used to examine the carotid artery of all participants.The carotid atherosclerosis were diagnosed and graded through the ultrasonograms. Content of water arsenic and hair arsenic of 10 people randomly selected in every villages were detected. Results A total of 5 villages with drinkingwater type of endemic arsenicosis as observation group and 5 villages without drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis as control group were investigated. The prevalence rates of adult carotid atherosclerosis within observation group were 35.09%(20/57), 55.74%(34/61), 38.46%(20/52), 36.51%(23/63) and 46.15%(24/52), respectively,and standardized prevalence rates were 32.5%, 33.8%, 34.9%, 46.2% and 47.3%, respectively and the prevalence rates of adult carotid atherosclerosis within control group were 18.18%(10/55), 30.77%(16/52), 20.00%(10/50),18.67% (14/75) and 21.31% ( 13/61 ), respectively; the standardize prevalence rates were 22.4%, 17.7%, 10.7%,24.6%, 18.9%, respectively. The standardize prevalence rates were higher in observation group [39.50%(113/285) ]than that in control group[39.50%(113/285), T = 26, P ＜ 0.01 ]. The severity of adult carotid atherosclerosis (composition of 4 - 7 scores ) was compared between observation group [ 17.70%(20/113 )] and control group [ 14.06% (9/64) ], and the difference was insignificant(x2 = 0.26, P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis in drinking-water type of endemic arsenicosis areas is higher than that of the control areas.The study provides evidence that arsenic poisoning can cause atherosclerosis.     

2008年黑龙江省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区成人颈动脉粥样硬化病情调查

Objective To investigate the disease situation of adult carotid atherosclerosis in water-related endemic fluorosis areas in Heilongjiang province in 2008 so as to explore the relationship between water-related endemic fluorosis and incidence of carotid atherosclerosis disease. Methods A total of 266 participants over the age of 40 from four villages in Zhaozhou county with water fluoride ≥ 1.0 mg/L in a fluorosis area and 283 residents over the age of 40 from four villages in Tailai county with water fluoride ＜ 1.0 mg/L in a nonfluorosis area were investigated. A portable-type B mode color ultrasound was used to examine the left carotid artery of all participants.The carotid atherosclerosis was diagnosed and graded through the ultrasonograms. Results The prevalence rates of carotid atherosclerosis in the 4 fluorosis villages(Xinfeng, Taipingshan, Baochan and Houzheng villages) were 47.3% (35/74), 63.5%(40/63), 73.3%(33/45) and 60.7%(51/84), respectively, and in the 4 nonfluorosis villages(Hala,Qianxing, Sanjia and Ailin villages) were 32.7% (17/52), 32.9% (24/73), 39.2% (31/79) and 30.4% (24/79),respectively. The prevalence rates of carotid atherosclerosis in every villages standardized by age were 47.3% ,63.5%,73.3% ,60.7% and 34.7% ,36.3% ,43.0% ,41.3%, respectively. Statistic method used was Wilcoxon two sample test and the differences were significant(T = 26, P ＜ 0.05 ). Total carotid atherosclerosis positive rate standardized by age in the 4 fluorosis villages was significantly higher than that in the 4 nonfluorosis villages[57.5%(153/266) ,37.8% (107/283), x2 = 21.36, P ＜ 0.01 ]. After standardized by age, the severity of carotid atherosclerosis was significantly different between fluorosis villages and nonfluorosis villages (x2 = 36.15, P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion The prevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis in endemic fluorosis area is higher than that in nonfluorosis area.     

成人大骨节病膝关节间隙的X线观察

Objective To observe and scale knee joint space of the patients who suffered adults' Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in Shangzhi City of Heilongjiang Province in order to acquire basic knowledge for upcoming intervention trial. Methods Clinical test was proceeded in adults aged above 40 in Guanghui Village of Shangzhi City in 2007. In typical patients, bilateral knee X-ray was taken and knee joint space was scaled. Three points were chosen on inner and outer epicondyle of each knee and results were recorded. Results There were 307 peoples over the age of 40 in the village. Two hundred eighty-two accepted clinical test, in a rate of 91.9%. Eighty out of 282 suffered KBD, accounting for 28.4%. When the patients' condition became more serious, measurements from flank, middle, inside points on outer epicondyle of joint space presented a narrowing trend [degree Ⅰ: (5.85±0.17), (4.84±0.17), (4.36±0.18)mm; degree Ⅱ: (5.11±0.43), (4.24±0.34), (3.48±0.28)nun; degree Ⅲ: (3.59± 0.78), (3.10±0.56), (2.14±0.62)mm; Fflank,middle,inside= 6.547,5.372,10.302, all P < 0.05], but those on inner epicondyle of joint space did not[degree Ⅰ:(3.66±0.17), (3.47±0.17), (3.73±0.18)mm; degree Ⅱ:(3.55± 0.34), (3.54±0.29), (4.35±0.35)mm; degree Ⅲ: (3.19±0.72), (3.92±0.66), (4.51±0.72)ram; Finside,middle,flank= 0.351,0.356,1.883, all P > 0.05]. Joint space < 5.00 mm were found in 618, among which 363 were measured on inner epieondyle, obviously greater than those measured on outer epicondyle of joint space(255), the difference being statistically signifieant(χ2=9.59, P<0.05). Conclusions Adult cases of KBD occur in Guanghui Village. Knee joint space of adult patients narrows obviously, the more serious, the narrower, especially occurring more obviously on outer epicondyle, but frequently on inner epicondyle.     

冯家堡村阿所村前程村成人手部骨关节炎调查报告--氟中毒与骨关节炎关系的流行病学观察

目的 通过对氟病村的调查，认识氟中毒与成人骨关节炎之间的关系。方法 对氟病村227名40岁以上成人作右手X线拍片检查，所获结果用成人骨关节炎积分方法积分诊断。结果 氟病区骨关节炎检出率为59．03％，积分均数为3．85，明显地高过对照人群(检出率为23．6％，积分均数为0．72)，氟中毒所引起的骨关节炎患者是骨关节炎人群的重要组成部分。结论 氟中毒可致骨关节炎，是部分成人大骨节病病因的混杂因素。     

成人甲状腺容积及相关因素

目的：探讨与甲状腺容积相关的稳定性因素及其作用强度,方法：用文献1的499例成人甲状腺容积的有效数据,用分层方法去掉年龄,性别因素的混杂影响观察3个因素的作用,用聚类分析法观察复合因的素的作用,采用SPSS3软件进行分析。结果：性别差异明显,男性容积明显大于女性,年龄差异明显,高年龄段容积明显大于低年龄段,慢性病史和城乡住址没有明显作用,甲状腺疾病是造成容积增大的决定性因素,结论：影响成人甲状腺容积的稳定性因素是性别,年龄和甲状腺疾病,\城乡生活,慢性病史无肯定的意义,甲状腺病是甲状腺容积增大的主要原因因素。     

成人大骨节病膝关节间隙的X线观察

Objective To observe and scale knee joint space of the patients who suffered adults' Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in Shangzhi City of Heilongjiang Province in order to acquire basic knowledge for upcoming intervention trial. Methods Clinical test was proceeded in adults aged above 40 in Guanghui Village of Shangzhi City in 2007. In typical patients, bilateral knee X-ray was taken and knee joint space was scaled. Three points were chosen on inner and outer epicondyle of each knee and results were recorded. Results There were 307 peoples over the age of 40 in the village. Two hundred eighty-two accepted clinical test, in a rate of 91.9%. Eighty out of 282 suffered KBD, accounting for 28.4%. When the patients' condition became more serious, measurements from flank, middle, inside points on outer epicondyle of joint space presented a narrowing trend [degree Ⅰ: (5.85±0.17), (4.84±0.17), (4.36±0.18)mm; degree Ⅱ: (5.11±0.43), (4.24±0.34), (3.48±0.28)nun; degree Ⅲ: (3.59± 0.78), (3.10±0.56), (2.14±0.62)mm; Fflank,middle,inside= 6.547,5.372,10.302, all P < 0.05], but those on inner epicondyle of joint space did not[degree Ⅰ:(3.66±0.17), (3.47±0.17), (3.73±0.18)mm; degree Ⅱ:(3.55± 0.34), (3.54±0.29), (4.35±0.35)mm; degree Ⅲ: (3.19±0.72), (3.92±0.66), (4.51±0.72)ram; Finside,middle,flank= 0.351,0.356,1.883, all P > 0.05]. Joint space < 5.00 mm were found in 618, among which 363 were measured on inner epieondyle, obviously greater than those measured on outer epicondyle of joint space(255), the difference being statistically signifieant(χ2=9.59, P<0.05). Conclusions Adult cases of KBD occur in Guanghui Village. Knee joint space of adult patients narrows obviously, the more serious, the narrower, especially occurring more obviously on outer epicondyle, but frequently on inner epicondyle.     

成人骨关节炎手骨X线检出水平的地理分布

目的：探讨成人手骨骨关节炎X线检出水平的地理分布及其差异。方法：流行病学现场调查，涉及黑龙江，辽宁，河北，山东，河南，江苏，浙江，湖北，湖南，福建，广东，广西，海南13个省份，每个省选出两个有代表性的农村村落，每个村找出40岁以上人口70－100人拍摄右手X线片，按计分法给病变程度量化，用Ridit法作统计分析。结果：以Ridit指数及其95％可信限表示检出水平及其可靠程度，黑龙江省尚志（0.84,0.77-0.90),哈尔滨郊区（0.60,0.56-0.65)，哈尔滨市区（0.52,0.47-0.58)，辽冀豫鲁（0.49,0.46-0.52)，粤桂湘鄂（0.45,0.43-0.48),苏浙（0．41，0．37－0．45），病情以北方的大骨节病区及其周边地带为最重，南方则较轻或很轻，而以江苏和浙江为最轻。结论：我国中老年骨关节炎和右手X线检出水平有明显的地理分布差异，在不同的地理环境中与疾病相关的原因，因素，条件的质和量可能均有不同，这是一个有待研究的重要领域。     

挽救性肝移植与再次肝切除治疗术后复发性肝癌疗效对比的Meta分析

背景与目的:挽救性肝移植(SLT)与再次肝切除术(RH)哪种治疗方式更有利于术后复发性肝癌患者,目前尚无一致结论,亦无大样本量的多中心研究予以证实。本研究通过Meta分析方法评价SLT与RH治疗术后复发性肝癌的临床疗效,以期为术后复发性肝癌的治疗选择提供参考。方法:检索多个国内外数据库,检索时间为建库起至2019年8月,收集比较SLT和RH治疗术后复发性肝癌临床疗效的临床研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取数据,并进行文献质量评价后,以总体生存率以及无瘤生存率为主要结局指标进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入符合标准的6篇回顾性队列研究,共650例患者,其中SLT组134例,RH组516例。Meta分析结果显示,SLT组与RH组术后1、3年总体生存率差异无统计学意义(OR=1.70,95% CI=0.82～3.53,P=0.15;OR=1.10,95% CI=0.70～1.72,P=0.67),但SLT组5年总体生存率明显优于RH组(OR=1.56,95% CI=1.03～2.37,P=0.04)。SLT组1、3、5年无瘤生存率均明显优于RH组(OR=5.91,95% CI=3.16～11.05,P0.000 01;OR=3.98,95% CI=2.57～6.16,P0.000 01;OR=4.37,95% CI=2.03～9.44,P=0.000 2)。SLT组患者术后并发症发生率高于RH组(OR=4.67,95% CI=2.72～8.01,P0.000 01)。两组围手术期病死率差异无统计学意义(OR=3.92,95% CI=0.41～37.80,P=0.24)。SLT组患者术中出血量高于RH组、院时间长于RH组(均P0.05)。结论:SLT治疗术后复发性肝癌安全、有效;与RH比较,SLT可显著改善患者术后无瘤生存率,获得较好的远期预后。但供肝来源的短缺,使RH仍是复发性肝癌的重要治疗手段。     

哈尔滨市中老年人群骨皮质增厚的流行病学研究

目的用流行病学方法研究骨皮质增厚现象在中老年人群中的特征,探讨骨皮质增厚的判定方法。方法采用中老年人群右手X线片,选右手的三个部位的指骨骨体作为研究对象,参照其他标准定义骨皮质增厚程度的分级和增厚的类型,并对骨皮质增厚的相关情况进行描述性和单因素分析。结果骨皮质增厚的检出率为27.7%;以I度和Ⅱ度骨皮质增厚为主;形态以丘状为主;骨皮质增厚与性别、体力劳动强度史和风湿病史,骨关节病史等关系密切。结论骨皮质增厚检出率较高,男性高于女性;检出率随年龄增大而增高;从事过重体力劳动者骨皮质增厚的X线检出率高于从事轻体力劳动者;有风湿病史者骨皮质增厚X线检出率高于无风湿病史者;有关节病史者骨皮质增厚X线检出率高于无关节病史者。骨皮质增厚判定方法简便易行,适于大规模流行病学调查研究。*