60例脑震荡病人的脑电图分析

<正>脑震荡为颅脑损伤中最轻的一型,主要表现为脑的一过性机能障碍,即伤后立即发生的短暂性意识丧失.我院从1996～1998年门诊病房共诊治100余例脑震荡病人,其中60例做了脑电图检查,下面就其有关改变进行粗略分析.1 一般资料本文60例均符合诊断标准,其中男性38例,女性22例,年龄最大者61岁,最小12岁,描记脑电图离外伤时间最短150min,最长2年.     

18F-FECNT的生物分布特性及小动物PET显像研究

Objective 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-corophenyl)-8-(2-18F-fluoroethyl) nortropane (18F-FECNT) is a recently developed dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate its brain biedistribution and to assess its usefulness in quantitation of DAT density in normal and hemiparkinsonian rats. Methods Six groups of mice (5 mice each group) received 18F-FECNT were sacri-ficed at indicated time post injection. Different brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum) were removed, weighed, and countered. DAT blocking effect was investigated in mice pretreated with 2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorpbenyl)tropane (β-CFT) at before 18F-FECNT injection. MicroPET scans were performed in beth normal and unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Results The brain uptake of 18F-FECNT was 2.22, 1.20, 1.02, 0.78, 0.71, and 0.67 percent injection dose (%ID) at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min post injection. Radioactivity concentration of the striatum, the target region, was the highest in the brain regions and decreased quickly from 5 to 60 min and reached to background at 120 min of post injection. The striatum/cerebellum ratio was 2.56, 3.47, 2.78, 1.63, 0.97, and 0.88 at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min, respectively, post injection. The selective striatum uptake of 18F-FECNT decreased dramatically to the background when the DAT was blocked with β-CFT. The striatum of normal rats in micro-PET exhibited symmetrical (left/right = 1.00±0.05) and the highest uptake of radioactivity (striatum/cere-helium =2.18±0. 16 at 5- 125 min, n =3). As for the hemiparkinsonian rats, nonsymmetrical [unlesioned striatum/cerebellum vs lesioned striatum/cerebellum = 2.01 ± 0.23 (n = 3) vs 1.04 ± 0. 05] and the high-est uptake of radioactivity were also noted. Conclusions The results suggest that 18F-FECNT rapidly pas-ses through blood-brain barrier and locates in stiatal region with high affinity and selectivity to DAT. It is a potential radiotracer to assess the in vivo DAT density in Parkinson's disease.     

围绝经期妇女抑郁症发生情况及相关因素分析

目的了解绍兴市城区围绝经期妇女抑郁症发生情况及相关因素,为抑郁症的预防提供理论依据。方法采用自制一般情况问卷、抑郁自评量表（Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS）、生活事件量表（Life Events Scale,LES）按整群抽样法对绍兴市越城区4个街道的1 776名围绝经期妇女进行调查。对抑郁症可疑者用国际疾病分类（ICD-10）抑郁发作标准诊断。结果调查对象抑郁症状的发生率为27.36%,抑郁症的发生率为9.52%。无工作、离婚或丧偶、有慢性病、对生活环境不满意和邻里关系差的围绝经期妇女抑郁症的发生率较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。经多元逐步回归分析显示,围绝经期抑郁症妇女的抑郁程度与慢性病、离婚或丧偶以及负性生活事件得分呈正相关,与有工作、对生活环境满意以及邻里关系好呈负相关,而与年龄、文化程度、家庭收入、月经情况等无相关性。结论围绝经期妇女抑郁症的发生率较高,应采取有针对性的措施,尤其对有危险因素的妇女,应加强社区的精神卫生防治工作。     

重性精神病人社区治疗康复影响因素分析

目的：调查分析社区重性精神病人治疗康复影响因素。方法：对纳入社区管理的435名重性精神病人,采用《社会功能缺陷筛查量表》（SDSS）评估康复水平,调查病人的社区治疗康复时间、病程、复发次数、婚姻状况、社会参与情况、治疗依从性、家庭经济情况、监护人情况、家人态度等因素,进行单因素和多因素分析。结果：社会参与情况、治疗依从性、家庭经济情况、家人态度依次为重性精神病人社区治疗康复的影响因素。结论：社区重性精神病人管治工作中,要加强患者社会参与情况、治疗依从性、家人态度等因素的干预,进一步提高病人的治疗康复效果。     

知母活性成分ZMR对慢性帕金森病模型小鼠多巴胺系统的调节

objective The significant neuropathological features of Parkinson's disease include sharp decrease of striatal dopamine (DA) and downregulation of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density in nigrostriatal pathway.The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of ZMR on the DAT and DA membolism in the brain of a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinisen's disease.Metbods C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups:control mice,model mice,model mice treated with 10 mg/kg of ZMR(ZMR-10)and model mice treated with 26 mg/kg of ZMR(ZMR-26).All mice except control received ten doses of MPTP(15 mg/kg,subcutaneous injection)plus probeneeid(250 ms/kg,intraperitoneal injection)twice a week in five weeks.Mice in groups of ZMR10 and ZMR-26 were administrated 10mg/kg and 26 mg/kg of ZMR by oral gavage once daily for 60 d respectively.Striatal DAT was detected by autoradiography using 125I-2β-carbomethoxy-3B-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropropyl) nortropane (FP-CIT).Monoamine oxidase B(MAO-B)activity was determined with a commercial kit.DA and its metabolites were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection(HPLC-ECD).Staffstical analysis was performed with SAS 6.12 software,and the oneway ANOVA,grouped t-test Were used to analyze the data.Results Compared with vehicle treated model mice,ZMR-10 and ZMR-26 increased striatal DAT density from 0.212±0.012 to 0.268±0.019 and 0.281±0.018 respectively(t=2.5314,3.1124,P＜0.05 and＜0.01 respectively),raised striatal DA levels from(3.00±0.25)μg/g to(4.21±0.32)μg/g and(4.58±0.39)μg/g respectively(t=2.9879,3.4163.P＜0.05 and＜0.01 respectively).However.ZMR-10 and ZMR-26 did not affect the MAO-B activity.Conclusion ZMR raises striatal DA levels in chronic MPTP-model mice.which is closely related to the elevation of striatal DAT density but not related to catabolism of DA.     

绍兴县社区精神疾病调查分析

随着我国经济社会的迅速发展和生活节奏的加快,精神疾病对人类健康的影响日益严重,为了解我县精神疾病现状,为社区开展精神病防治康复工作提供科学依据,2003年我们对6个镇街道的精神疾病进行了调查,现将调查结果报告如下.     

东莨菪碱对吗啡依赖大鼠脑多巴胺转运蛋白及D2受体的影响

目的探讨东莨菪碱(Sco)对吗啡(Mor)依赖大鼠多巴胺(DA)系统多巴胺转运蛋白(DAT)及D2受体的影响.方法4～5月龄SD大鼠36只,随机分为Mor(按体重20mg/kg)组、Mor(按体重20mg/kg)+Sco组及生理盐水对照组.Mor+Sc0组腹腔注射Mor前15～30 min先腹腔注射Soo(按体重1 mg/kg),共给药8 d;对照组只给予0.3 ml生理盐水.采用两隔室(C1及C2)地点偏爱装置测试大鼠的行为学变化.3组大鼠再各随机均分为2组,分别进行125I-甲基-3β-(4-碘苯基)托烷-2β-羧酸酯(β-CIT)、125I-左旋-3-碘-2-羟基-6-甲氧基-N[(1-乙基-2-比咯烷)甲基]苯酰胺(IBZM)脑内分布研究.结果①Mor组大鼠第2～4天起进入C2室的时间逐渐缩短,由第1天的(1.68±0.57)min降至第8天的(0.38±0.16)min;Mor+Sco组大鼠自C1进入C2室的时间第1天至第8天略有降低趋势,由第1天的(1.72±0.69)min降至第8天的(1.12±0.33)min,第1天3组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05),第8天Mor组及Mor+Sco组均低于对照组[第1天(1.60±0.55)min,第8天(1.88±0.54)min;t=5.682、6.372,P均＜0.05],但Mor+Sco组仍高于Mor组(t=5.171,P＜0.05).②DAT分布研究示Mor组大鼠纹状体(ST)、伏隔核(NAC)的每克组织百分注射剂量率(%ID/g)分别为4.205±0.410、1.770±0.141,明显高于对照组(2.431±0.104、1.441±0.043,t=5.911、6.130,P＜0.05);Mor+Soo组ST、NAC的%ID/g分别为3.307±0.189、1.577±0.401,明显高于对照组(t=4.151、5.416,P均＜0.05),但低于Mor组(t=4.871、6.922,P＜0.05).③D2受体脑内分布示Mor+Sco组ST、NAC、海马(HIP)及额叶(FC)的125I-IBZM%ID/g分别为0.589±0.081、0.683±0.046、0.175±0.039和0.257±0.034,低于对照组(0.735±0.096、0.709±0.098、0.281±0.038、0.289±0.020,t=7.841、6.170、5.446、4.337,P均＜0.05),高于Mor组(0.540±0.098、0.640±0.061、0.140±0.017、0.232±0.015,t=6.021、3.227、5.113、6.174,P均＜0.05).结论Sco的介入阻止或减缓了Mor引起的地点偏爱倾向,该效应可能通过Sco与DA系统的相互作用实现,Sco可减缓或阻止Mor引起的DAT上调及D2受体的下调反应.     

99mTc-TRODAT-1脑SPECT显像对帕金森病诊断

目的 :探讨99mTc TRODAT 1SPECT多巴胺转运体 (dopaminetransporter,DAT)显像对帕金森病 (Parkinson’sdisease ,PD)早期诊断的价值。方法 :对 7例早期PD患者、3例中晚期PD患者和 2例正常对照者行99mTc TRODAT 1SPECT脑断层显像 ,利用感兴趣区技术测定纹状体 /额叶 (striuatum/frontalcortex ,ST/FC)和纹状体 /枕叶 (striuatum/occipitalcortex ,ST/OC)的比值 ,表示纹状体的DAT活性。结果 :早期PD患者起病肢体对侧的ST/FC(1 10 6± 0 0 41)和ST/OC(1 12 3± 0 0 45 )比起病肢体同侧的ST/FC(1 2 47± 0 0 63 )和ST/OC(1 2 46± 0 0 3 4)明显降低 (两者P值均 <0 0 1)。早期PD患者起病肢体同侧的ST/FC和ST/OC比正常对照者显著降低 ,比中晚期PD患者起病肢体同侧的ST/FC和ST/OC显著增高。结论 :99mTc TRODAT 1脑SPECT显像有助于PD的早期诊断     

多巴丝肼片联合银杏叶提取物对老年帕金森病病人黑质神经元细胞因子、血管活性物质及抗氧化物的影响

目的探讨多巴丝肼片联合银杏叶提取物对老年帕金森病(PD)病人黑质神经元细胞因子、血管活性物质及抗氧化物的影响。方法选取我院神经内科门诊收治的老年PD病人60例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(30例)和观察组(30例)。对照组给予多巴丝肼片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用银杏叶提取物治疗。比较治疗前后2组黑质二价金属离子转运蛋白(DMT1)、葡萄糖调节蛋白75(grp75)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)及丙二醛(MDA)水平的变化。结果治疗前,2组黑质神经元细胞因子、血管活性物质及抗氧化物水平差异无统计学意义(P005);治疗后,2组DMT1、ET、MDA水平较治疗前显著降低(P005),而grp75、NO、SOD及GSH-Px水平则显著升高(P005),且观察组上述各项指标较对照组改变更为显著(P005)。结论多巴丝肼片联合银杏叶提取物能够显著降低老年PD病人黑质DMT1水平,升高grp75水平,调节血管功能,改善病人机体氧化应激水平。