北京市丰台区托幼机构人员手卫生质量现况调查

摘要 目的 <\b> 了解丰台区托幼机构工作人员与幼儿手卫生现状,为规范托幼机构人员手卫生管理提供依据。方法 <\b>　通过现场调查和采样检测方法,对丰台区40家托幼机构工作人员及幼儿手卫生质量及手卫生设施卫生状况进行检测与分析。结果 <\b> 所调查的40家托幼机构工作人员与幼儿手卫生质量合格率为50.0%,22.6%的研究对象能按照六步洗手法洗手,84.9%的托幼机构使用皂块。皂块合格率为55.1%,洗手液合格率为86.7%,洗手水龙头合格率为55.2%。结论 <\b> 丰台区托幼机构工作人员与幼儿手卫生质量明显偏低,手卫生设施卫生状况堪忧,应加强监督管理。     

洛美沙星治疗急性菌痢20例观察

洛美沙星是第三代喹诺酮类抗菌药物,有较强的抗菌活性,口服吸收良好,生物利用度高,副作用较小,对临床感染有较好的疗效.我们于1994年7月至9月,用常州市第二制药厂生产的盐酸洛美沙星胶囊对20例急性细菌性痢疾患者进行了治疗观察,现将结果报告如下.     

密闭式吸痰联合肺复张在急性呼吸窘迫综合征俯卧位机械通气患者的应用观察

目的观察密闭气管内吸痰后联合肺复张技术在急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)俯卧位机械通气患者的应用效果。方法选取我院2017年1月-2019年12月RICU收治的各种原因导致ARDS行俯卧机械通气患者64例,将2017年1月-2018年6月的32例患者设为对照组,2018年7月-2019年12月的32例患者设为观察组,两组患者都采用间断俯卧位机械通气,观察组每次密闭气管内吸痰后立即进行一次小潮气量和高呼吸末正压肺复张,对照组常规进行密闭吸痰,观察两组患者密闭吸痰和密闭气管内吸痰后联合肺复张前、后氧合指数P(O 2)/FiO 2和氧分压P(O 2)的变化情况,血流动力学指标的变化和不良事件的发生情况。结果两组患者在吸痰前P(O 2)/FiO 2和PaO 2相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组在执行密闭吸痰后联合肺复张操作后第3天、第6天P(O 2)/FiO 2和P(O 2)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在血流动力学指标(HR、CVP、MAP)比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),且无并发症发生。结论密闭吸痰后应用肺复张技术,明显改善了ARDS俯卧机械通气患者的氧合状态,且血流动力学指标稳定,无并发症发生,密闭吸痰联合肺复张技术在ARDS俯卧机械通气的患者应用中安全有效。     

胃癌干细胞疫苗在小鼠胃癌模型中的抗肿瘤功能研究

目的:探索胃癌干细胞(GCSC)疫苗在小鼠胃癌模型中的抗肿瘤功能.方法:克隆形成实验及qPCR检测鉴定胃癌干细胞的特性;小鼠皮下移植瘤模型检测GCSC疫苗的体内抑瘤能力;流式细胞术检测经疫苗免疫小鼠的自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的细胞毒性;ELISA检测免疫小鼠血清中细胞因子IL-1β、IL-...     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

沉默Bmi-1表达对人小细胞肺癌细胞凋亡的影响及其机制研究

目的探讨沉默原癌基因Bmi-1(B-cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1)对人小细胞肺癌NCI-H345细胞凋亡的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法将NCI-H345细胞分为对照组(不做处理)、Bim-1 NC组(转染转染Bmi-1基因阴性对照序列)和Bmi-1转染组(转染转染Bmi-1基因序列)3组,以脂质体转染法转染上述各组细胞,采用荧光定量(RT-PCR)检测Bmi-1 mRNA的相对表达水平,蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测Bmi-1和Cleaved Caspase-3蛋白的相对表达水平,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期。结果转染Bmi-1 48 h后,与对照组相比,Bmi-1转染组NCI-H345细胞中Bmi-1 mRNA和蛋白的相对表达水平均明显降低(P0.05);Bim-1 NC组和对照组相比,Bim-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。流式细胞仪检测结果显示,与对照组相比,Bmi-1 NC组细胞中G0/G1期、S期和G2/M期细胞所占比例差异无统计学意义(P0.05),Bmi-1转染组中G0/G1期细胞所占比例明显升高,S期和G2/M细胞所占比例明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,Bmi-1 NC组的细胞凋亡率差异不显著(P0.05),Bmi-1转染组的细胞凋亡率显著升高(P0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示,Bmi-1转染组细胞中Cleaved Caspase-3蛋白的表达水平较对照组明显升高(P0.05),Bmi-1 NC组细胞中Cleaved Caspase-3蛋白的表达水平与对照组间差异不显著(P0.05)。结论 Bmi-1基因沉默能诱导NCI-H345细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与阻滞G0/G1期和上调Cleaved Caspase-3蛋白的表达有关。     

食管微生物群与胃食管反流疾病

人体内微生物的研究是近年来生物医学研究的热点之一。人体的许多部位都有微生物存在,如皮肤、胃肠道、胆道、口腔黏膜、唾液、乳腺、精液、胎盘、子宫、卵泡、肺、唾液、眼结膜等,这些人体内存在的微生物种类包括细菌、古生菌、真菌、原生生物及病毒。微生物组(microbiome)这个词是指“占据我们身体空间的互利共生(symbiotic)、偏利共生(commensal)及病原性(pathogenic)微生物组成的生态学群体”。     

兔实验性肝硬化模型及门静脉给药系统的建立

目的应用四氯化碳造成兔肝硬化模型,并建立动物门静脉给药系统。方法雄性新西兰大白兔给予皮下注射四氯化碳,每周两次,12周后检测肝脏病理改变及肝组织羟脯氨酸含量。通过小肠系膜静脉末端进行门静脉插管术,将导管引致动物腹部皮下,通过经皮穿刺方法进行门静脉给药。结果四氯化碳注射12周后,兔肝组织出现典型的假小叶,肝组织羟脯氨酸含量较正常组升高3.5倍以上。门静脉给药系统可在体内维持达12周,但接头在体内易于老化破损。结论应用四氯化碳皮下注射方法成功地建立了一种兔肝硬化动物模型,并建立了一种经济简便的动物门静脉给药体系。