股前外侧Flow-through皮瓣修复四肢Gustilo Ⅲc损伤的临床研究

目的 探讨Flow-through皮瓣修复四肢GustiloⅢC型损伤的临床疗效. 方法 2008年6月至2011年6月,一期或择期采用股前外侧Flow-through皮瓣修复重建四肢GustiloⅢC损伤患者16例,年龄18 ～62岁(平均37.5岁),受伤至进行皮瓣手术的时间为5 h～ 16 d(平均6.7d),血管缺损长度为6一16 cm(平均12 cm).前臂外伤患者4例,下肢外伤患者12例,所有患者均存在严重软组织缺损及节段性血管缺损,肢体存在循环障碍.4例患者一期手术修复,12例患者一期清创负压吸引敷料覆盖1周或数周后,二期行游离皮瓣手术. 结果 术后1例出现创面感染,1例患者术后1d出现血管危象,2例皮瓣边缘局部坏死,皮瓣供区未见并发症.所有患者皮瓣均成活.16例患者全部获得随访,随访时间12 ～40个月(平均22个月),末次随访时皮瓣血运好,质地柔软,弹性好.术后下肢Johner-Wruhs评分的优良率83.3％,上肢功能Berton评分的优良率75.0％. 结论 Flow-through皮瓣能够不牺牲主干血管,同时实现重建血管、覆盖创面的目的,尤其适用于受伤肢体仅存1支主干血管的病例,重建效果满意,术后功能良好.     

Use of the anterolateral thigh free flap for the soft tissue coverage of Gustilo grade-ⅢB open bone fractures in lower extremities

Objective To investigate the clinical results of the anterolateral thigh free flaps for the soft tissue coverage of Gustilo grade-Ⅲ B open bone fractures in lower extremities.Methods The anterolateral thigh free flaps were applied to treat 42 Gustilo grade-11Ⅲ B open fractures.Ten flaps were performed through an emergency procedure.Sixteen were performed at early stage and the other 16 were performed at later stage .The results of the therapy were analyzed after long time follow up. Results All limbs were salvaged and all the flaps survived without protracted course to obtain soft tissue coverage.The follow up ranged 11 to 47 months.The healing time of the bones were significant prolonged in the later stage therapy group compared with the emergency therapy group and the early stage therapy group.In the later stage therapy group,the incidences of the bone infection and nonunion were also higher than the other two groups,and the second stage bone transplantation to repair bone defect and nonunion were needed in 76% patients in this group.The lower limb functions of the later stage treated group were worse than those of the other two groups.Compared to the early stage treated group,better lower limb functions could be obtained in the emergency treated group. Conclusion Delayed soft tissue coverage resulted in higher incidence of complications.The immediate soft tissue coverage of severely injured limbs complicated by Gustilo grade-Ⅲ B open fractures and massive soft tissue defects had the advantages over traditional methods.Hard work though it was,one-stage soft tissue coverage using anterolateral thigh free flaps could obtain better lower limb function.     

hTGF-β1基因增强组织工程化髓核修复退变腰椎间盘的实验研究

目的：探讨人转化生长因子-β1（hTGF-β1）基因修饰山羊骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）为种子细胞构建的组织工程化髓核对山羊退变腰椎间盘的修复作用。方法：用粗针穿刺山羊L1/2～L5/6纤维环抽取髓核制作椎间盘退变模型,同时体外培养山羊自体BMSCs并分为3组：实验组以携hTGF-β1基因重组腺病毒（Ad/hTGF-β1）转染;阴性对照组以携lacZ基因腺病毒（Ad/LacZ）转染,空白对照组为未转染细胞。抽取髓核后15d,收集3组细胞与透明质酸（HA）复合为组织工程化髓核,以细针从椎间盘原穿刺孔回植入髓核中央。L1/2至L3/4依次植入实验组、阴性对照组及空白对照组细胞;L4/5注入不含细胞的HA;L5/6不注入任何物质。术后观察24周,定期行放射学、组织学和生化检测。结果：X线片椎间隙测量显示,24周时L1/2～L4/5的椎间隙狭窄均较L5/6明显延迟（P〈0.05）;4周以内L2/3间隙的X-gal染色保持阳性;组织学评估示L1/2～L4/5退变均较L5/6为轻;免疫组化示L1/2在4周内高表达hTGF-β1、CollagenⅡ和Aggrecan,但8周后L1/2至L4/5未见显著性差异;GAG定量显示整个观察期内L1/2～L4/5均高于L5/6,其含量依次为L1/2〉L2/3=L3/4〉L4/5;对4周时L1/2至L3/4髓核组织的RT-PCR显示,L1/2的hTGF-β1、CollagenⅡ及Aggrecan的mRNA表达显著增强（P〈0.05）。结论：体外构建的组织工程化髓核回植可延缓椎间盘早期退变的进程,经hTGF-β1基因增强的组织工程化髓核对退变延缓作用尤为显著,但均无法完全逆转整个椎间盘退变进程。     

hBMP7基因转染对兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及胶原合成的影响

使用含hBMP7基因的重组逆转录病毒液感染兔骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSc）,MTT法检测细胞增殖能力,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,^3H脯氨酸掺故法检测I型胶原合成和表达情况。结果显示,经hBMP7基因转染的BMSc与空载体转染及未转染的BMSc在细胞增殖、细胞周期表现方面无显著性差异,经转染的BMSc合成胶原显著高于空载体转染和未转染者。提示采用逆转录病毒介导转染BMSc后能促进细胞的胶原合成,对BMSc增殖和细胞周期无显著影响,有利于进一步 应用于构建组织工程化骨组织。     

交锁钉固定术后膝关节感染2例

例1.患者,男,32岁,因车祸致头、左下肢多处外伤3h入院脑外科。入院诊断:①急性闭合性颅脑挫裂伤,蛛网膜下腔出血。②左股骨干中段闭合性斜型骨折。在脑外科行左股骨髁上牵引,牵引重量8kg,2周后患者清醒转入我科。第3天C型臂下行闭合复位静力交锁钉内固定术,术中操作顺利,复位满意,手     

多肌蒂髂骨瓣治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨治疗青壮年股骨颈骨折的难题。方法 17例(男12例、女5例)患者，平均年龄28.7岁，采用椎管麻醉，骨折切开复位螺纹钉内固定后，取缝匠肌、阔筋膜张肌蒂髂骨瓣植人股骨头颈槽内。结果 17例骨折全部获得愈合。平均愈合时间16周。随访16例未见股骨头缺血性坏死。结论 青壮年股骨颈骨折损伤暴力大，血循环破坏重，骨折愈合慢，股骨头缺血性坏死率较高，采用本方法可以促进骨折愈合，减少股骨头坏死率，提高疗效。     

不同浓度5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷标记山羊骨髓基质干细胞的体外研究

Objective To explore the feasibility of labeling and tracing in vitro goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) on the basis of investigation of its optimal concentration, incubating time and cytotoxicity. Methods A healthy goat, aged 10 months old, male, weighing 32 kg, was used in this study. Bone marrow was aspirated. BMSCs were isolated and cultured using the adherence method in vitro. The fourth passage of BMSCs (P4) were incubated with BrdU at 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L as 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L BMSC groups. Cells were not labeled by BrdU as negative control. The following parameters were measured: induction, differentiation and determination of goat BMSCs; the optimal mass concentration and incubation time of 5-BrdU labeling; cell positive rate at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in each group using immunofluoreseenee; the cell survival rate after various concentrations of BrdU ladling by trypan-blue exclusion. Results The morphology of the primary and passage goat BMSCs was fusiform in shape. Goat BMSCs could differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes following induction. BMSC nucleus showed green fluorescence under fluorescence microscope after being labeled by BrdU. The mean labeling rate increased with the increase in the concentration and incubation time of BrdU, and reached to (93.32± 3.25)% after incubation in 15 μmol/L, BrdU for 48 hours. There were no significant differences between 15 μmol/L BrdU for 72 hours, 20 μmol/L BrdU for 48 hours and 72 hours (P > 0.05), or between the other groups or time points (P < 0.05). The labeling rate of the blank control group was 0. The cell survival rate was all above 90% (P > 0.05). Conclusions BrdU can be used as a labeling marker for goat BMSCs. When the concentration is 15 μmol/L and the incubation time is 48 hours, the optimal labeling effect can be achieved. Goat BMSCs labeled with BrdU is of high efficiency and safety.     

同种异体双手移植术细胞因子的动态监测

目的探讨同种异体双手移植术细胞因子动态监测的临床应用价值.方法 2000年9月～11月,采用ELISA法动态监测异体手移植术患者移植前后,血清中可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(solube interleukin-2,receptor,sIL-2R)、白细胞介素-2(interlukin-2,IL-2)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平的变化,并与15名健康对照血清中相应细胞因子水平进行比较.结果血清IL-2和IL-6水平于术后诱导期明显下降,与术前比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而后回升,在维持期保持较术前略高水平,与诱导期比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05);sIL-2R水平术后明显上升,并维持于较高水平.血清IL-2水平与对照组比较,在移植前后均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);IL-6水平与对照组比较,术后诱导期有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论血清IL-2、IL-6和sIL-2R的动态监测可能有助于排斥反应的诊断,以及预防机会性感染、肿瘤及移植物抗宿主疾病的发生.     

儿童先天性皮肤并指畸形的显微外科治疗

目的：探讨应用显微外科技术治疗儿童先天性皮肤并指畸形的效果。方法：对32例儿童先天性皮肤并指畸形进行显微外科手术，具体步骤为：切开并指相连的皮肤，镜下松解后，选用相应尺寸的掌骨背侧皮瓣，转移修复指侧方皮肤缺损和参与指蹼重建。结果：所有皮瓣均成活，指侧方皮肤无瘢痕形成，指蹼再造效果较满意。结论：应用显微外科技术，可较好修复儿童先天性皮肤并指畸形。     

显微外科血循环自动监护仪研制与临床应用

目的：探寻显微外科术后血循环客观自动监护手段的可行性。方法：采用热电温度传感器与激光Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ血流检测两项检测指标构成并由微机控制研制成血循环自动监护仪。在动物实验的基础上，对临床不同种类的显微外科病例术后进行血循环自动监测。结果：监护仪性能稳定，灵敏度高，能准确地显示监测区的皮温值与血流值，超过阈值时能及时报警并自动打印记录。结论：监护仪为显微外科术后血循环的客观观察初步提供了一种新的自动监测手段。