新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎抗生素降阶梯疗法的疗效观察

目的　评价新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎 (VAP)采用抗生素降阶梯疗法的疗效 .方法　分析了 4 0例VAP患儿 ,治疗组 17例用抗生素降阶梯疗法 ,与常规组比较疗效 .结果　一次撤机成功率治疗组大于常规组 (p <0 .0 1) ,平均通气时间及通气 >1周者 ,治疗组 (6 1天 )短于、少于常规组 (10 3天 ) (p <0 .0 1) .结论　抗生素降阶梯疗法对VAP具有良好疗效 .     

延期妊娠并发羊水过少66例分析

目的探讨延期妊娠并发羊水过少对母婴的影响。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对延期妊娠分娩的产妇羊水正常组231例及羊水过少组66例进行对比分析。结果羊水过少组中羊水Ⅱ度以上粪染、胎盘成熟度Ⅲ 级及胎盘钙化、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息率、引产率、产后出血率及剖宫产率均显著高于羊水正常组。结论羊水过少是胎儿宫内慢性缺氧最敏感的特异性指示,不论是延期妊娠还是过期妊娠,一经确诊应积极引产,估计短时间内不能分娩者,宜剖宫产结束分娩。     

学龄前儿童乳牙龋病流行病学调查

目前,我国学龄前儿童乳牙的患龋率呈上升趋势,5岁儿童的患龋率为76.55 %[1],乳牙龋齿已成为影响我国儿童健康的主要疾病之一.我们于1999年1月对1 1 55名学龄前儿童乳牙龋病进行流行病学调查,探讨学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿发生的主要和可能的危险因素,以期为防龋工作和口腔保健提供科学依据.     

塑化治疗后牙慢性根尖周炎50例临床观察

慢性根尖周炎是临床上较常见的一种口腔疾病.牙髓塑化治疗自50年代末创立至今,它以临床疗效高,操作简单,成本低廉,适应证广泛等优点,广泛应用并推广于国内口腔临床医疗中,因其可致牙齿变色,从美观角度出发,只选后牙行塑化治疗.我科从1996年4月至1999年4月,对50例共50枚慢性根尖周炎的患牙进行塑化治疗,取得了满意的临床效果.     

内镜下十二指肠乳头切开术术后并发症的护理

内镜下十二指肠乳头切开术 (ＥＳＴ)是治疗、胆胰疾病最关键的技术环节之一 ,具有不需要全身麻醉、创伤小、恢复快、疗效确切和费用少等优点 ,但一旦失误 ,也可发生并发症。本院 1990年～ 2 0 0 0年对 92 7例各种胆、胰疾病患者作ＥＳＴ ,现将对其中19例并发出血和穿孔患者的护理要点进行分析和总结。1　临床资料本组 19例 ,男 11例 ,女 8例 ,年龄 4 8～ 88岁 ,中位年龄 6 7岁。 17例并发出血 ,其中 1例手术止血 ,16例保守治疗止血成功。 2例并发穿孔 ,均转外科手术补救 ,其中 1例死亡。2　护理2 1　术后并发出血　出血居并发症之首位 ,中…     

Lipo PGE1治疗糖尿病周围神经病变32例

目的观察前列腺素E1脂微球载体制剂(Lipo PGE1)对糖尿病周围神经病变的治疗效果.方法64例糖尿病周围神经病变患者随机分为两组,治疗组给予Lipo PGE1;对照组予以Vit B1, 疗程均为14 d.结果治疗组治疗后周围神经症状明显减轻,运动神经传导速度(MNCV)增快(P<0.01),而对照组治疗前后糖尿病周围神经症状、MNCV改变不明显(P>0.05),两组比较差异显著(P<0.05).结论前列腺素E1脂微球载体制剂治疗糖尿病周围神经病变有一定的疗效.     

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors

Objective To evaluate the long-term therapeutic effects of autologous peripheral blood st em cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) on the treatment of hematological and soli d tumors. Methods Fifty-one patients were recruited in this auto-PBSCT study, in which several p otentially important parameters were studied including the optimal time for stem cell co llection, the dose of stem cell reinfusion, the time of hematopoietic reconsti tution, the disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), complication s related to transplantation, and maintenance chemotherapy after auto-PBSCT. Results After APBSCT, 3-year and 5-year survival rates of NHL were 83.3%; those of AM L were 74.7%; those of MM were 37.9% and 19%; those of ALL were 40% and 0% res pectively. Hematopoietic reconstitution was greatly promoted by granulocyte col ony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The mean time for patients’ neutrophil to reco ver up to &gt;0.5×10(9) /L after APBSCT was 11.14 days in the group of the patien ts receiving G-CSF in contrast to 17.6 days in the group receiving no G-CSF. The most common complications of transplantation were fever, liver dysfunction and hypokalaemia, which were curable. No death was due to transplantation related complications.Conclusion Comparing with conventional chemotherapy, our study suggests that auto-PBSCT i s a very important therapeutic option that can significantly improve the prognos is in the patients with hematological and solid tumors, especially in the patien ts with AML and NHL.     

Expression of HLA-DR antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma and its up-regulation by interferon

Objective: To observe the expression of human leukocytic antigen DR (HLA-DR) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its up-regulation by interferon (IFN). Methods: The expression of HLA-DR in 46 specimens of human HCC tissues, 4 human HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721, HCC-9204, BEL-7402 and HHCC) and a human hepatocyte cell line QZG was respectively detected by immunohistochemical ABC staining and flow cytometry. The expression of HLA-DR in the 5 cell lines was detected by ELISA before and after the cells were treated with IFN-γ or IFN-α. Results:Eighteen out of 46 HCC tissues (39.1%) expressed HLA-DR, whereas all the normal liver tissues immediately adjacent to HCC tissues were HLA-DR-negative. No obvious HLA-DR-positive staining was found in all the 5 cell lines. The expression of HLA-DR was up-regulated in all the 5 cell lines after IFN-γ or IFN-α treatment. The up-regulation of HI A-DR in QZG cells was less obvious than that in HCC cell lines. The effect of IFN-γ was more significant than that of IFN-α. Conclusion: HCC tissues can express HLA-DR to some extent, but HCC cell lines do not express detectable HLA-DR. IFN can up-regulate HLA-DR expression in HCC cells.     

Ets－1在颌骨软骨肉瘤和骨软骨瘤中的表达及意义

目的：分析Ｅｔｓ－１在颌骨软骨肉瘤和骨软骨瘤中的表达及意义。方法：利用免疫组化法检测Ｅｔｓ－１在２０例颌骨软骨肉瘤和８例骨软骨瘤中的表达。结果：６０％（１２／２０）的软骨肉瘤中Ｅｔｓ－１呈阳性表达,Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者的阳性表达率明显高于Ｉ级（Ｐ＜０．０５）;复发组的阳性表达率明显高于原发组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;Ｅｔｓ－１在骨软骨瘤中的阳性表率为１２．５％（１／８）,与软骨肉瘤有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结     

街头食品卫生管理调查研究与应用

<正> 1 目的 街头食品作为一种特殊的生产销售方式广泛存在于世界各国,我国街头食品历史悠久。80年代以来,随着改革开放、市场经济发展,街头食品发展迅猛,给城乡人民生活带来了方便。但由于街头食品的特殊性,因此存在着严重的卫生问题,这已成为世界各国密切关注的课题。本项研究旨在探索漯河市街头食品的基本特征和卫生状况,街头食品与食源性疾病的关系,为今后街头食品的卫生监督管理提供技术和政策上的科学依据。2 调查内容