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1.
菲律宾疟疾控制规划实施草案(1994~1998)引言一、背景在菲律宾,疟疾是十大死亡原因之一,在全部76个省份中,72个省有疟疾流行。但95%的病例和85%的死亡例数集中在24个省。自前,疟疾处于低度到中度流行,也有偶发性的高度流行。二、疟疾控制规划... 相似文献
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斑点免疫金染色法检测恶性疟原虫循环抗原 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用胶体金探针建立了斑点免疫金染色法(Dot-IGS)。以捕捉法Dot-IGS检测30份海南恶性疟病人全血,循环抗原阳性者27份,阳性率为90.0%;40份其他寄生虫病血样全为阴性。结果表明,捕捉法Dot-IGS在敏感性和特异性方面都优于间接法Dot-IGS和斑点酶联免疫吸附测定,是检测疟疾循环抗原的理想方法。 相似文献
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In vitro studies with recombinant Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1): production and activity of an AMA1 vaccine and generation of a multiallelic response 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
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Kennedy MC Wang J Zhang Y Miles AP Chitsaz F Saul A Long CA Miller LH Stowers AW 《Infection and immunity》2002,70(12):6948-6960
Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is regarded as a leading malaria blood-stage vaccine candidate. While the overall structure of AMA1 is conserved in Plasmodium spp., numerous AMA1 allelic variants of P. falciparum have been described. The effect of AMA1 allelic diversity on the ability of a recombinant AMA1 vaccine to protect against human infection by different P. falciparum strains is unknown. We characterize two allelic forms of AMA1 that were both produced in Pichia pastoris at a sufficient economy of scale to be usable for clinical vaccine studies. Both proteins were used to immunize rabbits, singly and in combination, in order to evaluate their immunogenicity and the ability of elicited antibodies to block the growth of different P. falciparum clones. Both antigens, when used alone, elicited high homologous anti-AMA1 titers, with reduced strain cross-reactivity. Similarly, sera from rabbits immunized with a single antigen were capable of blocking the growth of homologous parasite strains at levels theoretically sufficient to clear parasite infections. However, heterologous inhibition was significantly reduced, providing experimental evidence that AMA1 allelic diversity is a result of immune pressure. Encouragingly, rabbits immunized with a combination of both antigens exhibited titers and levels of parasite inhibition as good as those of the single-antigen-immunized rabbits for each of the homologous parasite lines, and consequently exhibited a broadening of allelic diversity coverage. 相似文献
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Armoundas AA Ju K Iyengar N Kanters JK Saul PJ Cohen RJ Chon KH 《Annals of biomedical engineering》2002,30(2):192-201
Current methods for detecting nonlinear determinism in a time series require long and stationary data records, as most of them assume that the observed dynamics arise only from the internal, deterministic workings of the system, and the stochastic portion of the signal (the noise component) is assumed to be negligible. To explicitly account for the stochastic portion of the data we recently developed a method based on a stochastic nonlinear autoregressive (SNAR) algorithm. The method iteratively estimates nonlinear autoregressive models for both the deterministic and stochastic portions of the signal. Subsequently, the Lyapunov exponents (LE) are calculated for the estimated models in order to examine if nonlinear determinism is present in the deterministic portion of the fitted model. To determine if nonlinear dynamic analysis of heart-rate fluctuations can be used to assess arrhythmia susceptibility by predicting the outcome of invasive cardiac electrophysiologic study (EPS), we applied the SNAR algorithm to noninvasively measured resting sinus-rhythm heart-rate signals obtained from 16 patients. Our analysis revealed that a positive LE was highly correlated to a patient with a positive outcome of EPS. We found that the statistical accuracy of the SNAR algorithm in predicting the outcome of EPS was 88% (sensitivity=100%, specificity=75%, positive predictive value=80%, negative predictive value=100%, p=0.0019). Our results suggest that the SNAR algorithm may serve as a noninvasive probe for screening high-risk populations for malignant cardiac arrhythmias. © 2002 Biomedical Engineering Society.
PAC2002: 8719Hh, 0545Tp, 8710+e 相似文献
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The role of the health information management professional is changing with the advancement of the electronic medical record system (EMRS) and electronic financial database systems. The Medical ARchival System, a longitudinal EMRS developed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, was used to describe the methodology that the health information management professional should use when performing data quality evaluations and data analysis of an EMRS. Specific examples of steps used to integrate databases to collect the data and generate appropriate reports and tables are also described and discussed. 相似文献
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Cain CC Saul D Attanasio L Oehler E Hamosh A Blakemore K Stetten G 《Prenatal diagnosis》2007,27(4):373-379
OBJECTIVE: To explore the utility of comparative genomic hybridization to BAC arrays (array CGH) for prenatal diagnosis of microphthalmia and linear skin defects syndrome. METHODS: We used karyotype analysis, FISH and array CGH to investigate an X;Y translocation. Replication studies were done on cultured amniocytes and lymphoblasts. RESULTS: We describe a severe case of MLS syndrome that presented prenatally with multiple anomalies including cystic hygroma, microphthalmia, intrauterine growth restriction and a complex congenital heart defect. Cytogenetic analysis of amniocytes revealed an unbalanced de novo translocation between chromosomes X and Y [karyotype 46,X,der(X)t(X;Y)(p22.3;q11.2).ish der(X)(DXZ1+,DMD+,KAL-,STS-,SRY-),22q11.2 (Tuple1 x 2)]. MLS diagnosis was made at birth and the prenatal karyotype was confirmed. Replication studies showed the derivative X chromosome was the inactive X. Array CGH confirmed the X and Y imbalances seen in the karyotype and also showed twelve BACs in the MLS region were deleted as a result of the translocation. FISH with BAC clones verified the array findings and placed the X breakpoint in Xp22.2, resulting in the amended karyotype, 46,X,der(X)t(X;Y)(p22.2;q11.2).ish der(X)(DXZ1+,DMD+,KAL-,STS-,SRY-),22q11.2(Tuple1 x 2) arr cgh Xp22.33p22.2(LLNOYCO3M15D10 -->GS1-590J6)x 1,Yq11.222q23(RP11-20H21-->RP11-79J10)x 1. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of array CGH was valuable in detecting monosomy of the MLS critical region. Array CGH should be considered for the prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome. 相似文献
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应用抗马来微丝蚴抗原4B_1株单克隆抗体(McAb)和抗马来成虫代谢抗原4B_7株McAb酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测班氏微丝蚴血症者血清中循环抗原,阳性率分别为78.46%(102/130)和87.13%(88/101);检测51例晚期丝虫病人血清,阳性率分别为3.92%和1.96%;36例经治疗后微丝蚴血症阴转者血清,阳性率分别为13.89%和8.33%。丝虫病非流行区99例肠道蠕虫感染者阳性率分别为16.16%和5.05%。结果表明抗马来成虫代谢抗原4B_7株McAb应用于诊断班氏丝虫感染的效果优于抗马来微丝螺4B_1株McAb。 相似文献
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Kranzer K McGrath N Saul J Crampin AC Jahn A Malema S Mulawa D Fine PE Zaba B Glynn JR 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2008,13(11):1341-1350
Objective To investigate individual, household and community factors associated with HIV test refusal in a counselling and testing programme offered at population level in rural Malawi. Methods HIV counselling and testing was offered to individuals aged 18–59 at their homes. Individual variables were collected by interviews and physical examinations. Household variables were determined as part of a previous census. Multivariate models allowing for household and community clustering were used to assess associations between HIV test refusal and explanatory variables. Results Of 2303 eligible adults, 2129 were found and 1443 agreed to HIV testing. Test refusal was less likely by those who were never married [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.50 for men (95% CI 0.32; 0.80) and 0.44 (0.21; 0.91) for women] and by farmers [aOR 0.70 (0.52; 0.96) for men and 0.59 (0.40; 0.87) for women]. A 10% increase in cluster refusal rates increased the odds of refusal by 1.48 (1.32; 1.66) in men and 1.68 (1.32; 2.12) in women. Women counsellors increased the odds of refusal by 1.39 (1.00; 1.92) in men. Predictors of HIV test refusal in women were refusal of the husband as head of household [aOR 15.08 (9.39; 24.21)] and living close to the main road [aOR 6.07 (1.76; 20.98)]. Common reasons for refusal were fear of testing positive, previous HIV test, knowledge of HIV serostatus and the need for more time to think. Conclusion Successful VCT strategies need to encourage couples counselling and should involve participation of men and communities. 相似文献