小剂量HBIg联合核苷类似物预防肝移植术后乙肝复发1506例回顾性分析

目的 确定小剂量乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIg)联合核苷类似物预防肝移植术后乙肝复发的效果.方法 对我院1998年12月至2009年11月间因乙肝相关性终末期肝病行肝移植手术并接受核苷类似物联合小剂量HBIg预防乙肝复发病例进行回顾性分析,调查其术前、术后乙肝相关检查、乙肝复发情况以及患者的生存情况.结果 在移植术后存活>30 d且获得随访(中位随访时间为27.8个月)的1506例患者中,术后出现乙肝复发者37例.术后1、2、3、4、5、6年累计复发率分别为1.3%、2.4%、2.7%、2.9%、3.7%、4.6%;术后乙肝复发时间为0.3～66.6个月(中位值为12.8个月).在37例乙肝复发患者中,9例检测出病毒变异,其中YMDD变异4例,YMDD+YIDD变异2例,YMDD+YVDD变异、YVDD变异、YIDD变异各1例.结论 肝脏移植为治疗乙肝相关性肝病的重要手段,术后采用核苷类似物联合小剂量HBIg可有效预防乙肝复发,乙肝复发患者及时采取挽救治疗可控制疾病,改善预后.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of combination of low-dose HBIg and Nucleoside analogues on recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. Methods Retrospectively analyzed HBV status and recurrence in patients accepting Nucleoside analogues plus low-dose HBIg as prophylaxis treatment after liver transplantation for HBV-related end-stage liver disease from December 1998 to Octomber 2009 in our center. Results In all the 1506 patients whose survival time >30 d after liver transplantation, 37 patients showed HBV recurrence, the HBV cumulative-recurrence rate of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6y was 1.3%,2. 4%,2. 7%,2. 9%,3. 7% and 4.6% respectively. The time of recurrence varied from 0. 3 to 66. 6 months (median 12. 8 months) after transplantation. Virus mutation could be tested in 9 cases of the 37 recurrence patients, including 4 YMDD cases, 2 YMDD + YIDD cases, 1 YMDD+YVDD cases, 1 YVDD case,and 1 YIDD case. Conclusions Liver transplantation is the principal therapeutic method for the patient with end-stage liver diseases related to HBV, with the effectively prophylaxis treatment to aim directly at HBV recurrence. If the patients who got HBV recurrence received targeted treatments, the situation can be controlled satisfactorily.     

肝移植治疗混合细胞型肝癌21例临床分析

目的 探讨肝移植治疗混合细胞型肝癌的疗效以及影响预后的因素.方法 回顾性分析原位肝移植治疗的21例混合细胞型肝癌患者以及非肝移植治疗的8例临床及病理资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法计算肝移植术后患者累积生存率和无瘤生存率,Log-Rank检验行单因素分析,COX回归多因素分析预测影响预后的临床因素.结果 肝移植组21例患者术后围手术期生存率100％.术后生存时间1～ 103个月,中位生存时间23个月.术后无瘤生存时间3～ 103个月,中位无瘤生存时间15个月.1年、2年、3年、5年总体累积生存率分别为69％、58％、38％和38％,累积无瘤生存率分别为63％、52％、38％和38％.非肝移植组生存时间1～11个月,中位生存时间6个月,6个月生存率为50％,1年生存率为0.单因素分析显示,术前伴有肝硬化、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、门静脉肉眼癌栓及Allen分型为混杂型可能是预后不良的影响因素(P＜0.05).多因素分析提示,淋巴结转移、门静脉肉眼癌栓为影响预后的独立因素(P＜0.05).结论 肝移植是治疗混合细胞型肝癌的一种有效方法,严格筛选适应证可有效降低肿瘤复发转移的风险并延长生存期.     

单眼视网膜静脉阻塞患者对侧眼黄斑功能的多焦视网膜电图检测

目的 观察单眼视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)患者对侧眼黄斑功能的变化.方法 对比分析24例经荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)确诊为单眼RVO患者的24只对侧眼及18位正常受试者18只正常眼的多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)检测结果,比较两组受试者黄斑功能的差异.采用罗兰RETIsean电生理仪记录mfERG,将记录图形分别按照6个同心圆和4个象限对P1、N1波的振幅密度及潜伏期进行比较和分析.结果 RVO患者对侧眼在中心第1、2环处P1、N1波的振幅密度显著低于正常眼,差异有统计学意义(t=4.520,2.147;P＜0.05);其它各环、各象限振幅密度及潜伏期在两组间均未见明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 与正常眼相比,RVO患者对侧眼黄斑中心凹视功能受损.     

Reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ bepatic veins in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation

Objective To summarize the experience of reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 55 cases of living donor liver transplantation of right lobe without middle hepatic vein were analyzed, and Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins were reconstructed. All donors underwent evaluation on the basis of vascular anatomy, GRWR and graft volume/ESLV. Fifty-one grafts underwent reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins with cold-storage cadaveric iliac veins. Great saphenous vein, varicose umbilical veins, recipient intrahepatic portal veins and recipient intrahepatic veins were used respectively in the remaining 4 cases. Results One recipient died of obstruction of out-flow on the postoperative day 43. One recipient was converted to cadaver donor liver transplantation at the 7th day after operation, because of acute liver function failure. The remaining 53 cases recovered successfully. Conclusion Reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins with proper materials in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation is feasible, and the effect is satisfactory.     

重度门脉性肺动脉高压患者经长期使用依前列醇治疗后成功接受肝移植术一例

终末期肝病患者在门静脉高压的基础上,并发肺动脉高压,称为门脉性肺动脉高压(PPHTN).对于拟行肝移植的PPHTN患者,PPHTN的严重程度与肝移植的预后直接相关.     

超声对原位肝移植术后肝动脉并发症诊断新认识

目的：深入探讨超声对肝移植术后肝动脉并发症的诊断价值。方法：通过回顾160例原位肝移植患者的彩色多普勒血流（CDF）资料，对其中发生肝动脉血栓及狭窄的39例患者的（CDFI）资料进行总结并与螺旋CT，血管造影对照。结果：高贞频可提高肝动脉二维超声的显示率，CDFI对肝动脉的显示率达94．5％，PW对吻合口狭窄的诊断为85．3％，S／D对肝动脉并发症的敏感性极高，发生动脉并发症的患者S／D全部小于2。结论：超声对肝动脉并发症的诊断是具高敏感性的无创的检查手段。     

三维超声在背驼式肝脏移植术后流出道梗阻诊断的研究

目的流出道不畅是背驮式肝移植术后最常见的、最严重的并发症之一,应用三维超声显示移植后的肝脏与下腔静脉的空间位置,以判断流出道的通畅情况。方法将原位肝移植患者分别行二维超声、彩色多普勒检查,测量肝静脉血流速度。同时行三维超声检查,显示移植肝静脉、第二肝门及肝后下腔静脉的血流及空间位置关系。结果(1)三维超声可以显示移植肝肝静脉与第二肝门、肝上下腔静脉、肝后下腔静脉、肝下下腔静脉的空间关系及走行;(2)彩色多普勒显示流出道血流异常的患者,三维超声可以从立体的空间位置显示梗阻的部位。结论三维超声可为背驮式肝移植术后流出道梗阻的诊断提供一种良好的方法。     

术前和术中应用射频消融技术处理病肝预防肝移植术后肝癌复发

肝移植作为治疗各种急慢性终末期肝病的惟一方法,目前已得到广泛认同.理论上,肝移植应选择在疾病终末期病情稳定时作为最佳手术时机,然而,对于肝癌患者,可能会在肝移植后发生肿瘤的复发.因此,选择最佳的手术时机并降低术后肿瘤复发率是肝癌肝移植的重要课题.我们对37例肝癌患者肝移植术前和术中进行了射频消融(RFA)治疗,以降低肝移植术后肿瘤复发率,报道如下.     

Reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ bepatic veins in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation

Objective To summarize the experience of reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 55 cases of living donor liver transplantation of right lobe without middle hepatic vein were analyzed, and Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins were reconstructed. All donors underwent evaluation on the basis of vascular anatomy, GRWR and graft volume/ESLV. Fifty-one grafts underwent reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins with cold-storage cadaveric iliac veins. Great saphenous vein, varicose umbilical veins, recipient intrahepatic portal veins and recipient intrahepatic veins were used respectively in the remaining 4 cases. Results One recipient died of obstruction of out-flow on the postoperative day 43. One recipient was converted to cadaver donor liver transplantation at the 7th day after operation, because of acute liver function failure. The remaining 53 cases recovered successfully. Conclusion Reconstruction of Ⅴ and Ⅷ hepatic veins with proper materials in right lobe (without middle hepatic vein) living donor liver transplantation is feasible, and the effect is satisfactory.     

活体肝移植供体右半肝切除术后早期门静脉血栓一例

1病例报告 患者男,23岁.因其叔父患丙肝肝硬化(失代偿期),为挽救其生命自愿捐献部分肝脏,于2007年7月16日行亲体肝移植供体右半肝切除术.术前CT评估门静脉分型为B型门脉,即门脉右前支、右后支与门脉左支呈三叉型.肝左叶残肝体积占全肝体积的33%,肝活检证实没有脂肪变性.术中行带肝中静脉的右半肝切除术.术中门静脉右支1个断口,残端予6-0血管线连续缝闭.残端关闭后检查可见门静脉主干末端与左支移行部及左支横部起始端略显狭窄.患者术后肝功能恢复可,术后第2天丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)分别为133和244 IU/L,第3天总胆红素74.6 μmol/L,直接胆红素升至12.2 μmol/L,后逐渐下降.