一种国产HIV-1病毒载量试剂与进口试剂的比较研究北大核心CSCD

血浆病毒载量检测是艾滋病防治工作中一项重要的实验室检测指标,与疾病的发生、发展及预后有密切关系,主要用于评估艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染进程、抗病毒治疗效果监测及HIV感染的辅助诊断^（[1]）。目前国内主要使用3种进口试剂进行病毒载量（VL）检测,进口试剂的敏感性及特异性均较好,但价格昂贵^（[2-4]）。随着治疗就是预防艾滋病策略被广泛地接受^（[5-6]）,     

广西VCT门诊HIV-1抗体阳性人群WB条带分析北大核心CSCD

目的分析2012-2016年,广西自愿咨询检测门诊人群艾滋病病毒1型（HIV-1）抗体阳性样本的蛋白印迹试验（WB）条带,为艾滋病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对筛查有反应性的样本经WB进行确证检测,数据用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果 1 018例确证阳性样本中,WB条带6~9条的占62.48%（636例）;各WB条带中均有gp160带型;反应性率〉95.00%的带型有gp120、gp41和p24,反应性率〉80.00%的带型有p66、p51和p31,有p55、p39和p17的,分别占41.45%（422例）、39.69%（404例）和53.93%（549例）。带型p51、p55和p39的反应性率在不同性别间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,带型p66、p51、p31和p55的反应性率在不同年龄组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,带型p31、p55和p39的反应性率在不同感染途径间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论广西地区某些WB带型反应性率在不同感染人群中存在不同程度的差异,并且与其他地区的报道存在差异,其原因有待进一步研究和探讨。     

广西各级综合医院艾滋病自愿咨询检测工作情况分析

目的了解广西壮族自治区各级综合医院艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)工作情况,为制定艾滋病防治对策提供依据。方法从艾滋病综合防治信息系统检测咨询模块下载2011—2013年广西自愿咨询检测机构信息及个案信息,从中选取综合医院相关工作信息进行分析。机构信息包括机构类型、建立年度和使用状态;个案信息包括人口学特征、求询原因、既往HIV检测情况和本次检测结果等。结果至2013年底,广西累计在综合医院建立VCT门诊127家,综合医院VCT门诊检测发现的HIV筛查阳性人次数占全部VCT门诊阳性数的构成比从2011年的41.40%上升到2013年的47.69%。求询者平均年龄(39.91±15.70)岁,20~39岁占53.66%;男性占59.84%,男女比1.49:1;初中及以下文化占70.72%;已婚有配偶占68.72%。69.57%的求询者因性接触来院咨询,其中非商业非固定异性性行为史、商业异性性行为史、配偶/固定性伴阳性和男男性行为史所占比例分别为32.19%、28.41%、8.48%和0.49%。求询者HIV初筛阳性率为23.99%(9 799/40 838),男男性行为人群、注射吸毒人群、商业异性性行为、配偶/固定性伴阳性和非商业非固定异性性行为求询者有较高的阳性检出率,分别为46.53%(94/202)、45.39%(241/531)、40.84%(4 570/11 190)、32.53%(1 136/3 492)和20.65%(2 772/13 422)。结论广西各级综合医院VCT门诊体系建设逐步完善,求询者HIV初筛阳性率较高,VCT逐渐成为发现HIV感染者的重要途径之一。     

广西艾滋病综合防控与管理工作回顾与展望

［摘要］　艾滋病是严重威胁人类健康的慢性致死性传染疾病,是全球面临的重大公共卫生和社会问题。广西是我国艾滋病疫情严重的省份之一,广西壮族自治区党委、政府高度重视,自2010年起在全区范围开展防治艾滋病攻坚工程,在艾滋病宣传教育、监测检测、高危人群综合干预、抗病毒治疗等各方面取得了显著成效。近年来艾滋病疫情快速上升的势头有所减缓,病死率有所下降,但艾滋病防治工作仍面临诸多挑战,未来将进一步加大检测与治疗力度,强化防艾社会综合治理,联防联控,促进源头治理,最大限度地降低病死率,减少二代传播。     

中国南方四省区流行的HIV-1 CRF01_AE病毒株基因特征研究

目的 分析中周南方四省区HIV-1感染者中流行CRF01 AE病毒株的遗传特征.方法 从广东、广西、江西和湖南省(自治区)2006年新报告HIV-1感染者的血浆样本中提取病毒RNA,用反转录/巢式PCR方法扩增gag和env基因片段,对获得的CRF01 AE病毒株核酸序列进行系统进化分析,并通过计算基因距离和Entropy核苷酸多态性差异方法分析毒株的遗传特征.结果 从210例CRF01_AE病毒株感染者中,发现四省区流行的CRF01 AE病毒株存在2个主要的流行簇.流行簇Ⅰ共有123例样本,未发现与之直接相关的国际参考毒株.流行簇Ⅱ共有57例样本,与越南CRF01 AE病毒株关系密切,且存在不同时间样本的混杂.gag和env基因遗传距离分析结果表明,流行簇Ⅰ内基因遗传多样性均明显小于流行簇Ⅱ;核苷酸多态性分析结果显示,在gag基因片段42个位点核苷酸组成具有显著差异,env基因片段40个位点核苷酸组成存在显著差异;流行簇Ⅰ相对于流行簇Ⅱ多态性减少的位点上有61个,多态性增加的位点有21个.结论 在中国南方四省区流行的CRF01 AE病毒株中首次观察到2个独立的流行簇.流行簇Ⅰ病毒株为该地区最主要的CRF01 AE病毒株,其流行时间相对较短,在人群中所占比例较多,可能是病毒在流行过程中形成的具有传播优势的病毒株.流行簇Ⅱ病毒与来自于越南的CRF01 AE病毒株有较高同源性,且存在与越南病毒株间的多次传播.     

中国南方四省区流行的HIV-1 CRF01_AE病毒株基因特征研究

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains prevailing in. the four provinces of southern China. Methods Plasma samples were collected from the newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals reported in 2006 in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Hunan province. The gag and env gene fragments were amplified from RNA template extracted from plasma using RT and nested PCR methods. CRF01_AE sequences were analyzed by phylogcnetie methods and characterized by calculating the genetic distance and Entropy analysis. Results Two main epidemic clusters were found to exist in the CRF01 AE strains from 210 HIV-1 CRF01 AE infected individuals collected in the 4 provinces, southern China. It was found that no international reference strain was closely correlated with cluster Ⅰ , which including 123 samples. The strains in cluster Ⅱ, consisting 57 cases of samples, were closely related with the strains identified in Vietnam. Genetic distance analysis of gag and env genes showed that the diversity of cluster Ⅰ was obviously less than that of cluster Ⅱ. Data on nucleotide polymorphism showed that nucleotides compositions of 42 sites in gag and 40 sites in env wer esignificantly different between the two clusters. When compared with cluster Ⅱ , the polymorphism decreased at 61 nucleotide sites but increased at 21 sites in cluster Ⅰ. Conclusion This was the first report describing that two main epidemic clusters were existed in CRF01_AE strains prevailing in the 4 provinces, Southern China. The vires in cluster Ⅰ was the dominant strain in this region, with shorter period of circulation and higher proportion seen in the HIV-infected population, which might belong to CRF01_AE strain with certain features facilitating the spread of the virus. The virus in cluster Ⅱ was highly homology with the CRF01_AE strains from Vietnam, and seemed to have had several events of epidemics in populations in border regions of China and Vietnam.     

中国南方四省区流行的HIV-1 CRF01_AE病毒株基因特征研究

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains prevailing in. the four provinces of southern China. Methods Plasma samples were collected from the newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals reported in 2006 in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Hunan province. The gag and env gene fragments were amplified from RNA template extracted from plasma using RT and nested PCR methods. CRF01_AE sequences were analyzed by phylogcnetie methods and characterized by calculating the genetic distance and Entropy analysis. Results Two main epidemic clusters were found to exist in the CRF01 AE strains from 210 HIV-1 CRF01 AE infected individuals collected in the 4 provinces, southern China. It was found that no international reference strain was closely correlated with cluster Ⅰ , which including 123 samples. The strains in cluster Ⅱ, consisting 57 cases of samples, were closely related with the strains identified in Vietnam. Genetic distance analysis of gag and env genes showed that the diversity of cluster Ⅰ was obviously less than that of cluster Ⅱ. Data on nucleotide polymorphism showed that nucleotides compositions of 42 sites in gag and 40 sites in env wer esignificantly different between the two clusters. When compared with cluster Ⅱ , the polymorphism decreased at 61 nucleotide sites but increased at 21 sites in cluster Ⅰ. Conclusion This was the first report describing that two main epidemic clusters were existed in CRF01_AE strains prevailing in the 4 provinces, Southern China. The vires in cluster Ⅰ was the dominant strain in this region, with shorter period of circulation and higher proportion seen in the HIV-infected population, which might belong to CRF01_AE strain with certain features facilitating the spread of the virus. The virus in cluster Ⅱ was highly homology with the CRF01_AE strains from Vietnam, and seemed to have had several events of epidemics in populations in border regions of China and Vietnam.     

自助采样传递检测HIV抗体模式应用研究

目的 探索新的艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）抗体检测模式,为提高检测主动性、更大范围促进HIV抗体传递检测提供可推广的经验。方法 以专用尿液采集管、干血斑滤纸片作为传递载体,分别采集尿液和干血斑,依靠物流或志愿者传送采集样本到专业实验室。分别针对尿液HIV-1/2抗体和干血斑HIV-1/2抗体的诊断试剂盒（酶联免疫法）检测,检测结果上传至网站,求询者通过序列码在移动终端查询结果和咨询。结果 暗娼人群中回收干血斑和尿液各293人份,回收率97.67%,干血斑、尿液检测结果与确证结果的一致率分别为98.98%（290/293）和98.29%（289/293）;男男性行为人群（men have sex with men,MSM）中回收检测包1 595人份,回收率63.8%,干血斑传递检测HIV结果与快速自检结果的一致率为99.81%（1 586/1 589）;大学生人群中回收尿液样本180份,阳性检出率为4.4%。通过分析网络查询结果记录,男男性行为人群平均查询次数为1.2次,最高查询次数为26次;大学生平均查询次数为3.5次,最高查询次数为46次。结论 尿液和干血斑采集可以作为HIV抗体检测的样本,并且传递检测可作为一种新模式推广应用。     

广西首例HIV-1G亚型毒株的发现和近似全长基因组序列分析

目的获得广西首例HIV-1 G亚型毒株全长基因组序列并分析其来源。方法采集1例广西HIV感染者血浆,提取病毒RNA,利用逆转录巢式-PCR技术,分两段扩增病毒近似全长基因序列,对PCR产物进行核苷酸序列测定,利用MEGA软件对全长序列进行系统进化分析。结果获得了8800 bp长度的近似全长基因组序列,系统发育分析结果显示该毒株与HV-1 G亚型参考株成簇,Bootstrap值为99%,通过与世界上其他地区流行的HIV-1 G亚型毒株进行亲缘分析,该毒株与喀麦隆流行毒株的关系最近。结论在广西发现了首例HIV-1 G亚型感染者,推测该毒株是由境外传入的,应对广西地区流行的HIV-1毒株的来源和变异进行密切监测。     

广西壮族自治区2008 - 2009年HIV-1流行毒株基因型及其分布

目的了解广西地区目前HIV-1流行毒株的基因型及其分布。方法收集广西地区13个市294名2008-2009年新诊断的HIV感染者血浆标本和背景信息,感染途径主要为异性性传播(86.1%)。采用RT PCR法分别扩增HIV-1 gag,pol全长基因(分别为1584 by和3147 by)及enu:基因的C2V3片段(558 bp),序列编辑后用Genotyping及Mega 5.031具确定病毒的基因型,用Simplot和Recombinant HIV-1 Drawing Tool软件进行病毒基因的重组分析。结果获得全长gag基因序列270条、全长pol基因序列246条、。enu>基因C2V3区序列223条,确定272例标本的基因型。CRFO1_AE占的比例最高(77.6% ),其次为CRF08_BC(10.7%)和CRF07_BC ( 7.4% ),有4例B(B'')亚型,1例G亚型,还有7例未知重组型。性别、民族间病毒基因型分布的差异无统计学意义。7株新型重组毒株有6株以CRF01_AE为母株,嵌人B和/(或)C的片段,还有1株为CRF07_BC和CRF08_BC的二代重组。结论广西地区目前流行的HIV-1毒株以CRFO1_AE为主,并出现以CRFO1_AE为母株嵌人其他毒株基因片段的新型重组毒株,呈现基因组结构复杂化趋势。