非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期肌钙蛋白I、肌酸激酶同工酶及肌红蛋白变化的研究

目的观察非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期肌钙蛋白（IcTnI）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）及肌红蛋白（Myo）的动态变化情况。方法检测30例非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术患者术前、术中、术后即刻、术后3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 hcTnI、CK-MB及Myo的浓度变化。结果患者术前各项指标均在正常参考值范围,cTnI术后6 h明显升高（与术前比较P〈0.05）,于术后24 h达高峰;CK-MB于关胸即刻明显升高（与术前比较P〈0.05）,术后6 h达高峰;Myo术中明显升高（与术前比较P〈0.05）,于关胸即刻达高峰。结论非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术可引起可逆性心肌损伤,应根据实际情况加强心肌保护,cTnI及CK-MB均于术后24 h达高峰,可应用于监测心肌细胞损伤程度。     

Ebstein畸形手术前后的心电图表现

Ｅｂｓｔｅｉｎ畸形手术前后的心电图表现柳克晔陈英淳孔晴宇Ｅｂｓｔｅｉｎ畸形是三尖瓣下移出现房化右心室和右心室发育不良的先天性心脏病，发病率占先天性心脏病的０．５％～１％，常合并房间隔缺损，有效的治疗方法是外科手术。１９８４年９月～１９９６年１２月我院...     

64排螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉病变的临床价值

目的评价64排螺旋CT用于诊断冠状动脉病变的临床价值。方法连续入选66名冠心病患者，均行64排螺旋CT冠脉三雏成像和冠状动脉造影，以冠状动脉造影的结果为“金标准”，计算64排螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉病变的敏感性，特异性，假阳性率，假阴性率，阳性预测值，阴性预测值。结果对照冠状动脉造影，64排螺旋CT诊断冠脉病变的敏感性为93．02％，特异性为98．21％，假阳性率为1.79％，假阴性率为6．98％，阳性预测值为97．56％，阴性预测值为94．83％。结论64排螺旋CT对于诊断冠脉病变有较好的敏感性与特异性，可用于冠心病患者的筛查。但目前的技术水平和各项技术指标仍有待提高，还无法替代传统的血管造影。     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术在左心室功能低下患者中的应用

目的:分析左心室功能低下(EF<40%)冠心病患者,接受非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术(OPCAB)的疗效,改进左心室功能低下冠心病患者的治疗策略。方法:回顾性分析2006年以来我院手术组对37例左心室功能低下的冠心病患者,行OPCAB后手术前后疗效的对比。结果:2例患者死亡,1例死于术后肺部感染,1例死于术后低心排出量综合征(低心排),病死率5%。21例患者使用主动脉内球囊反搏器(IABP),其中7例在术前放置,14例在术中或术后放置。35例患者术后左心室射血分数(EF值)较术前有明显改善(P<0.05);左心室舒张末期内径、左心室收缩末径均较术前下降(P<0.05)。结论:对于左心室功能低下的冠心病患者,OPCAB是一种有效的治疗方法。及时使用主动脉球囊反搏,以及合理应用正性肌力药物对于降低患者病死率,减少患者住院时间具有重要意义。     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值和非瓣膜性房颤患者左房血栓之间的关系研究

目的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）与心血管病人较差的预后有关。旨在对有左房血栓（LAT）的非瓣膜性房颤（NVAF）患者和无左房血栓的非瓣膜性房颤患者之间的NLR进行比较。方法选取河北大学附属医院155名NVAF病人,使用经胸超声心动图（TTE）检测LAT。NLR是中性粒细胞计数与淋巴细胞计数的比值。结果155名病人中有16名（10．3％）病人存在左房血栓,左房血栓组平均NLR明显高于无左房血栓组（2．8±1．2,2．0±1．1,P=0．023）。经多因素分析,NLR是NVAF病人左房血栓的独立危险因素（OR1．78,95％C11．93～4．24,Ｐ〈0．001）。结论NLR,新发现的炎症指标,与NVAF病人左房血栓存在独立相关。     

人工瓣环成形术与其联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形术治疗重度三尖瓣关闭不全

目的 总结人工瓣环成形术与人工瓣环联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形术的治疗重度三尖瓣反流(TR)的治疗效果.方法 2001年4月至2010年5月间因重度TR行三尖瓣成形术41例,其中单纯人工瓣环成形(R组)21例,人工瓣环联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形(E组)20例.所有病人均经术前、术后早期(出院时)及术后中长期经胸超声心动图检查,观察三尖瓣瓣叶对合情况,以三尖瓣反流束面积(TRA)/右房面积(RAA)定量测定反流程度,三尖瓣口面积、肺动脉压及心功能测定.结果 出院时R组7例无或微量TR,12例轻度TR,2例中度TR,轻、中度者均有前、隔叶对合不良;E组13例无或微量TR,7例轻度TR.随访6～100个月,平均(54.8±26.7)个月,R组5例无或微量TR,11例轻度TR,4例中度TR、1例重度TR,轻至重度者均有前、隔叶对合不良,1例重度者再次实施"缘对缘"瓣膜成形术;E组无三尖瓣狭窄,10例无或微量TR,9例轻度TR,1例中度TR.人工瓣环成形联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形术中长期TRA/RAA比值显著低于单纯人工瓣环成形术者(P<0.01).结论 对于三尖瓣瓣缘对合不良及其瓣环扩张引起的重度TR者,人工瓣环成形联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形技术能够更有效地减少术后三尖瓣残余反流以及TR的复发.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze whether association of edge to edge valve repair to artificial ring annuloplasty would result in better results in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR).Methods From April,2001 to May,2010,41 patients underwent tricuspid valve repair to treat severe TR were studied.Twenty-one patients were done artificial ring annuloplasty alone (group R) and twenty patients were done artificial ring annuloplasty associated with edge to edge valve repair ( group E).All the patients received echocardiography before surgery,before discharge and in mid and long-term follow-up.The ratio between TR jet area (TRA) and right atrial area (RAA) was used to quantitatively evaluate the seriousness of TR.Movement of tricuspid valve leaflets,tricuspid valve orifice area,pulmonary artery pressure ( PAP),left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) were obserbed to evaluate heart function.Results At discharge in group R,no or trivial TR was presented in 7 patients,mild TR in 12 patients and moderate TR in 2 patient.Bad apposition of the free edges of anterior and septal leaflets was observed in paients with mild and moderate TR.While in group E,no or trivial TR was presented in 13 patients and mild TR in 7 patients.The follow-up ranged from 6 months to 100 months[average (54.8 ±26.7) months].In group R,no or trivial TR was present in 5 patients,mild TR in 11 patients,moderate TR in 4 patients and severe in 1 patient.Bad apposition of the free edges of anterior and septal leaflets was observed in paients with mild to severe TR.Redo tricuspid valve repair was done in one patient in group R for recurrent severe TR and the edge-to-edge valve repair was utilized.In group E,no tricuspid stenosis was found.No or trivial TR was presented in 10 patients,mild TR in 9 patients and moderate TR in 1 patient.The ratio of TRA/RAA of group R was significantly higher than that of group E (0.25 ±0.16 vs.0.13±0.10,P < 0.01).Conclusion Association of edge-to-edge valve technique to artificial ring annuloplasty was safe and effective for treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation due to bad apposition of free edges of tricuspid leaflets and dilatation of tricuspid annulus,.It could decrease the incidence of residual tricuspid regurgitation and prevent the recurrence of severe tricuspid regurgitation.     

二尖瓣与主动脉瓣病变手术电解质及相关体液因子变化的对比研究

目的深入探讨二尖瓣与主动脉瓣病变瓣膜置换手术前后的不同特点和处理方法。方法选择二尖瓣狭窄并瓣膜关闭不全（MS＋MI）38例（组1）、主动脉瓣狭窄并关闭不全（AS＋AI）33例（组2）瓣膜置换术患者,分7个时间点测定机体电解质含量和血浆醛固酮（ALD）、儿茶酚胺（CA）水平。结果组1心肌钾、镁含量术前很低,ALD水平术前已升高,术后更高,与尿排泄钾、镁的高峰期相同;各阶段尿排泄钾、镁总量组1显著升高;组2 CA水平术前已升高,术后更高。结论二尖瓣病变术前应长期、足量补钾、补镁,才能达到心肌细胞内所需水平;主动脉瓣病变手术后以减轻心脏后负荷为主。     

The perioperative treatments of severe rhumatic heart disease with valve insufficiency

Objective To study the perioperative treatments for severe rheumatic heart disease with valve insuffciency. Methods Group 1 ( n = 25 ): mitral or/and arotic valve insufficiency, group 2 ( n = 17): valve stenosis and group 3 ( n = 14): simple congenital heart diseases. The load- independent index-end systolic elastance (Ees), pre-load recruited stroke work ( PRSW ), and the quantitive analyses of myocardial ultrastructure were observed and analyzed pre- and post-operatively. Results Ees was lower after operation than before operation in group 1, and it was a bit lower after operation in group 2. PRSW was significantly lower after operation than before operation in group 1, and it was similar before and after operation in group 2. The pre-load before operation and after-load after operation in group 1 increased. Vc%, Vvmyo% and Vvmit% were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Ejection fraction (EF) was significantly lower after operation than before operation in group 1, and it was similar befo     

重症风湿性心脏病瓣膜关闭不全的围术期处理

目的：探讨重症风湿性心脏病瓣膜关闭不全的围术期处理和依据。方法：选择风湿性二尖瓣或(和)主动脉瓣关闭不全25例（组1）、瓣膜狭窄17例（组2）和单纯先天性心脏病14例（组3）病人，观测手术前后收缩末期弹性模量（Ees）、前负荷充盈性搏功（PRSW）、心肌超微结构定量分析等指标。结果：Ees组1术后低于术前，；组2术后略低。PRSW组1术后明显低于术前，组2手术前、后差异不明显。组1术前前负荷增加，术后后负荷增加。心肌细胞胞密度（Ve％）、肌原纤维体密度（Vvmyo％）和线粒体体密度（Vvmit％）组1明显低于组2。左室射血分数（EF）组1术后明显低于术前，组2手术前、后相似。组1死亡1例。结论：瓣膜关闭不全型的风湿性心肌病理损害及心功能下降更为明显，心脏负荷及心肌作功反而增加。应加强容量控制和血管扩张药物使用，以术前减轻负荷、术后减轻后负荷为主，适量使用强心药物。     

HOLT-ORAM综合征3例报告

Holt－Oram综合征（HOS）是一种少见的常染色体遗传性疾病，主要表现为心脏先天性畸形和上肢骨骼、肌肉发育不良。自1984年以来，我院共收治3例，报告如下。病历报告例回：女，21岁，自幼发现心脏杂音。查体：胸骨左缘第2肋间收缩期杂音11／6级；胸廓扁平；双侧大鱼际肌萎缩，双侧拇指发育细小。X线检查：胸骨体中下部明显变窄约0．6cm（图1），左侧尺。挠骨比右侧的缩短约2scrn，左侧腕舟骨缺如（图2）。Doppler血管检查：左侧挠动脉闭塞。超声心动图检查：llyL型房间隔缺损约20rum。行房间隔补片术，恢复良好。例2：男，22岁，心慌2年…