金银花的抗腺病毒作用研究

目的：研究四个产地三种金银花的抗腺病毒作用。方法：通过体外病毒敏感性试验,对不同方法提取的金银花浸膏进行了药效实验。结果和结论：金银花醇提取液、水提取液、水超声提取液均能显著增强体外细胞抗腺病毒感染的能力。     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

目的 了解有新发克汀病患儿的新疆缺碘地区--阿克苏地区拜城和乌什县重点人群的碘营养现状及智力水平.方法 在拜城和乌什县按东、西、南、北4个地理方位,抽取托克逊、温巴什、察尔其,阿合雅、牙满苏、依麻木、亚克瑞克和乌什镇共8个乡镇的10所村小学,每所小学中抽取8～10岁3个年龄组儿童各10名,男女各半,共300名;从上述8个乡镇抽取未口服碘油丸的哺乳妇女及其所生0～2岁婴幼儿104对.调查上述地区碘盐食用情况、8～10岁儿童尿碘和甲状腺肿大(甲肿)率、哺乳期妇女的尿碘和儿童及婴幼儿智力发育情况.盐碘测定采用直接滴定法,尿碘测定采用过硫酸铵消化-砷铈催化分光光度法,甲状腺检查采用触诊法,智力发育水平的测定分别采用中国第2次修订<联合瑞文测验指导书>(CR-TCR2)和丹佛智能发育筛查法(DDST).结果 两县碘盐覆盖率为73.1%(123/182),合格碘盐食用率为641%(118/182),儿童尿碘中位数为103.7μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为47.8%(75/157),<50μg/L的比率为28.0%(44/157)].其中拜城县儿童尿碘的中位数为123.0μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为44.4%(28/63),<50μg/L的比率为33.3%(21/63)],乌什县为100.3μg/L[<100μg/L的比率为50.0%(47/94),<50μg/L的比率为24.5%(23/94)].哺乳妇女尿碘的中位数为143.3μg/L,其中拜城县为119.7μg/L,乌什县为184.6μg/L.儿童甲肿率为14.3%(43/300),其中拜城县为10.8%(13/120),乌什县为16.6%(30/180).儿童平均智商为80.6±11.6,智力落后率为13.0%(39/300,智商≤69),其中拜城县儿童平均智商为83.0±11.6,乌什县为79.0±11.7,智力落后率分别为6.7%(8/120)和17.2%(31/180).婴幼儿智力发育正常所占的比例为78.8%(82/104),可疑比例为12.5%(13/104),发育异常比例为8.7%(9/104).结论 新疆拜城和乌什县重点人群依然存在不同程度的碘营养缺乏,缺碘是导致学龄儿童智力水平下降和婴幼儿脑发育迟滞的主要原因.     

静脉留置针在老年心血管病人的应用护理体会

静脉留置针近年来作为新型的头皮针替代品,具有操作简单,套管柔软,不易损害血管,保证输液顺利安全,同时又具有保护病人的血管减轻病人的痛苦等原因,尤其是在抢救危重病人时优点显现发挥,越来越被医护人员及病人的认可,现在已经广泛应用于临床.特别是在心血管科,夜晚急诊如急性心梗、急性左心衰等危重病人的抢救时,在一定程度上增加了穿刺的困难,病人置有留置针可以尽快的把药物应用,为危重病人的抢救赢得了宝贵时间,也减少了护士夜晚穿刺及穿刺的失败率,同时在抢救病人时常常需要同时输注几种药物及某种药物需要连续几天应用,应用留置针可以减少病人的再穿刺的痛苦,从而保证液体的顺利进行.静脉留置针和普通的静脉针相比在选择血管方面操作方法有着不同,同时也对护理人员有了更高的要求,要求护士要有更熟练的穿刺技术和更精细的护理技巧.针对老年人的血管特点,如何减轻病人痛苦,提高穿刺成功率及置管后的护理,我们进行了护理总结,现报告如下:     

哺乳期妇女口服不同剂量碘油丸效果及时效观察

目的观察哺乳期妇女口服400 mg及200 mg碘油丸后妇女及其婴儿的碘营养状况。方法在新疆阿克苏地区两个村选择81名近半年未服用过碘油丸的哺乳期妇女,分别一次性口服400 mg或200 mg碘油丸,服药前采集妇女及其婴儿一次性随意尿样,在服药后第1至9个月每月采集妇女一次性随意尿样,第1、3、6个月每月采集婴儿一次性随意尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘。结果在干预后的9个月中,两组妇女尿碘中位数均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。除第3个月外,其他时间两组妇女尿碘中位数均为400 mg组高于200 mg组,两组之间在第7、9月差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后两组婴儿尿碘中位数均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。400 mg组婴儿尿碘中位数始终高于200 mg组,两组间仅第1个月差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论两种剂量碘油丸均可提高哺乳期妇女及婴幼儿碘营养水平;400 mg碘油丸效果持续时间更长;在妇女日常食用碘盐的情况下,200 mg碘油丸对母子更加安全。     

心血管内科住院患者临床感染因素分析

目的：探讨心血管内科住院患者临床常见感染的原因以及如何预防。方法420例心血管疾病患者,其中出现感染的患者42例,分析其临床原因。结果42例患者中,皮肤软组织感染12例,肺部感染21例,泌尿系统以及胃肠道感染9例。结论对于年老体弱以及免疫力低下的患者给予重点观察,对于已经合并感染的患者给予积极治疗是患者康复的关键。     

FasL基因修饰的树突状细胞应用途径的研究

目的 研究FasL-DC抑制移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的最佳应用途径。方法 FasL-DC与C57BL／6供体小鼠骨髓细胞移植物共培养。把经过这种处理的骨髓细胞移植物移植给BALB／C受体小鼠(C57BL／6-BALB／C小鼠GVHD模型。H-2^b-H-2^d)。或将FasL-Dc经静脉或腹腔直接给供体或受体用药，然后观察骨髓移植后GVHD表现。结果 致死剂量照射的受体鼠在接受经FasL-DC体外预处理的供体骨髓细胞移植后，没有出现明显的GVHD表现，但其它组均出现了明显的GVHD症状。结论 FasL-DC体外预处理供体骨髓细胞移植物，比直接静脉或腹腔应用更能有效抑制GVHD的发生。     

仪征市1991～2005年居民伤害死亡分析

近来，伤害死亡已成为继恶性肿瘤、心血管病、脑血管病之后又一主要死因，引起了国内外的广泛关注。它不仅给个人和家庭带来痛苦和不幸，也给社会和政府造成巨大的负担。为了探索我市伤害死亡的发生规律，以便采取必要的预防措施，现对我市1991～2005年居民伤害死亡状况进行分析。     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of school children, lactating women and infants in iodine deficient areas of Baicheng and Wushi Counties in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Methods According to the geographic location of east, south, west and north of county, 10 primary schools of 8 townships were selected. In each school, 10 children among each gender and age group from 8 to 10 years old were selected. A total of 300 school children were chosen. One hundred and four infants aged 0-2 years old and their mother were selected in 8 townships. Iodine content in edible salt at household level, the urinary iodine in school children and lactating women, total goiter rate(TGR) and the status of the intelligence quotient (1Q) of school children, the status of psychological development of infants were observed. Direct titration assay for testing the salt iodine, colorimetric ceric-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilation were used for testing urinary iodine. The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation. The Combined Raven Test for Chinese Rural was used to test the IQ. The psychological development of infants was tested by Danver Development Screening Test (DDST). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt at household level was 73.1% (123/182), however, the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt was 64.1% (118/182). The medium of urinary iodine in school children was 103.7 μ/L, with 47.8%(75/157) less than 100 μg/L and 28.0% (44/157) less than 50 μg/L; it was 123.0 μg/L in Baieheng County, with 44.4%(28/63) less than 100 μg/L and 33.3%(21/63) less than 50 μg/L; it was 100.3 μg/L in Wushi County, 50.0%(47/94) less than 100 μg/L and 24.5%(23/94) less than 50 μg/L. The medium of urinary iodine in locating women was 143.3 μg/L, it was 119.7 μg/L and 184.6 μg/L in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The total rate of goiter in school children was 14.3%(43/300), it was 10.8%(13/120) and 16.6%(30/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The average IQ in school children was 80.6±11.6, it was 83.0±11.6 and 79.0±11.7 in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The proportion of mental retardation in school children (IQ≤69) was 13.0% (39/300), it was 6.7% (8/120) and 17.2%(31/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. In addition, the proportion of psychological development in infants being normal, suspicious and abnormal was 78.8%(82/104), 12.5% (13/104) and 8.7%(9/104), respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the fact that there is also existence of mental retardation in children and infants, caused by iodine deficiency.     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of school children, lactating women and infants in iodine deficient areas of Baicheng and Wushi Counties in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Methods According to the geographic location of east, south, west and north of county, 10 primary schools of 8 townships were selected. In each school, 10 children among each gender and age group from 8 to 10 years old were selected. A total of 300 school children were chosen. One hundred and four infants aged 0-2 years old and their mother were selected in 8 townships. Iodine content in edible salt at household level, the urinary iodine in school children and lactating women, total goiter rate(TGR) and the status of the intelligence quotient (1Q) of school children, the status of psychological development of infants were observed. Direct titration assay for testing the salt iodine, colorimetric ceric-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilation were used for testing urinary iodine. The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation. The Combined Raven Test for Chinese Rural was used to test the IQ. The psychological development of infants was tested by Danver Development Screening Test (DDST). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt at household level was 73.1% (123/182), however, the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt was 64.1% (118/182). The medium of urinary iodine in school children was 103.7 μ/L, with 47.8%(75/157) less than 100 μg/L and 28.0% (44/157) less than 50 μg/L; it was 123.0 μg/L in Baieheng County, with 44.4%(28/63) less than 100 μg/L and 33.3%(21/63) less than 50 μg/L; it was 100.3 μg/L in Wushi County, 50.0%(47/94) less than 100 μg/L and 24.5%(23/94) less than 50 μg/L. The medium of urinary iodine in locating women was 143.3 μg/L, it was 119.7 μg/L and 184.6 μg/L in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The total rate of goiter in school children was 14.3%(43/300), it was 10.8%(13/120) and 16.6%(30/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The average IQ in school children was 80.6±11.6, it was 83.0±11.6 and 79.0±11.7 in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The proportion of mental retardation in school children (IQ≤69) was 13.0% (39/300), it was 6.7% (8/120) and 17.2%(31/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. In addition, the proportion of psychological development in infants being normal, suspicious and abnormal was 78.8%(82/104), 12.5% (13/104) and 8.7%(9/104), respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the fact that there is also existence of mental retardation in children and infants, caused by iodine deficiency.