不同碘营养摄入对哺乳期子代大鼠小脑浦肯野细胞蛋白-2的影响

【目的】探讨不同碘营养摄人对哺乳期子代大鼠小脑浦肯野细胞蛋白-2的影响。【方法】按体质量将4～6周龄健康Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为4组：重度缺碘组、轻度缺碘组、正常碘组和碘过量组。每组大鼠食用低碘鼠粮,饮用含不同IK浓度的自来水,雄鼠按正常组条件饲养,8周后交配,取哺乳期14和28d的仔鼠作为研究对象。砷铈催化分光光度法检测仔鼠的尿碘水平,竞争结合放射免疫分析方法检测甲状腺激素水平,实时荧光定量PCR检测浦肯野细胞蛋白-2mRNA的表达水平,蛋白免疫印迹杂交和免疫组织化学方法检测其蛋白表达水平。【结果】2d龄的子鼠,在重度碘缺乏时,表现为低尿碘和甲状腺功能减退,血TF4水平明显低于正常组,浦肯野细胞蛋白-2的mRNA和蛋白表达也明显低于正常组（P〈0．05）;轻度碘缺乏和碘过量时,TT4水平接近于正常组,浦肯野细胞蛋白-2的mRNA和蛋白表达与正常组相比,有轻度落后趋势,但无显著差异。【结论】哺乳期母鼠严重碘缺乏时,严重影响仔鼠小脑浦肯野细胞蛋白-2的表达,轻度碘缺乏和碘过量影响程度较低,提示哺乳期妇女碘营养状况不可忽视。     

α-平滑肌肌动蛋白阳性细胞在早期心肌缺血中的作用

目的 探讨α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(o-SMA)阳性细胞(周细胞)在早期心肌缺血中的作用.方法 将30只雌性Wistar大鼠皮下多点注射异丙肾上腺素(Isp),对照组注射生理盐水,于0(对照)、4、6、12、24、48 h分别麻醉5只大鼠,眼球取血,分离血清,取大鼠心脏,用4％的多聚甲醛溶液固定.生化自动分析仪测定各组大鼠血清天门冬氨酸胺基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平,采用免疫组织化学染色技术及形态定量分析方法检测心肌组织α-SMA、波形蛋白(vimentin)的表达情况,观察周细胞在心肌缺血早期的变化.结果 皮下注射Isp后,12、24、48 h组的大鼠血清AST[( 160.25±3.86)、(172.60±8.82)、(192.20±25.35)U/L]、LDH[(1466.25±643.38)、(1645.20±326.83)、(1701.60±640.06)U/L]水平均高于对照组[(129.18±19.65)、(849.45±248.54)U/L,P均＜0.05];4、6、12、24、48 h组的大鼠血清CK水平[(1097.60±301.57)、(1247.20±243.84)、(1263.75±271.22)、(1448.00±647.00)、(1268.40±479.81)U/L]、CK-MB水平[(217.12±35.89)、(229.08±97.11)、(251.70±46.82)、(318.80±77.76)、(249.04±98.54)U/L]均高于对照组[(713.45±146.30)、(147.05±25.75)U/L,P均＜0.05];4h组大鼠心肌周细胞的数量[(61.00±17.25)个]组高于24、48 h组[(28.20±5.81)、(18.20±2.17)个],48 h组低于6h组[(50.00±3.61)个,P均＜0.05].6、12、24、48 h组大鼠心肌vimentin表达水平(4.17±2.49、5.24±2.84、8.37±2.18、7.73±2.49)均高于对照组和4h组(1.88±1.85、2.21±1.54,P均＜0.05),24、48 h组均高于6、12 h组(P均＜0.05).结论 缺血早期周细胞的数量多于其他间质细胞,周细胞可能是心肌纤维化的主要效应细胞.     

新疆阿克苏地区重点人群碘营养和智力水平调查

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of school children, lactating women and infants in iodine deficient areas of Baicheng and Wushi Counties in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Methods According to the geographic location of east, south, west and north of county, 10 primary schools of 8 townships were selected. In each school, 10 children among each gender and age group from 8 to 10 years old were selected. A total of 300 school children were chosen. One hundred and four infants aged 0-2 years old and their mother were selected in 8 townships. Iodine content in edible salt at household level, the urinary iodine in school children and lactating women, total goiter rate(TGR) and the status of the intelligence quotient (1Q) of school children, the status of psychological development of infants were observed. Direct titration assay for testing the salt iodine, colorimetric ceric-arsenic assay and vitriolic ammonium assimilation were used for testing urinary iodine. The size of thyroid gland was measured by palpation. The Combined Raven Test for Chinese Rural was used to test the IQ. The psychological development of infants was tested by Danver Development Screening Test (DDST). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt at household level was 73.1% (123/182), however, the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt was 64.1% (118/182). The medium of urinary iodine in school children was 103.7 μ/L, with 47.8%(75/157) less than 100 μg/L and 28.0% (44/157) less than 50 μg/L; it was 123.0 μg/L in Baieheng County, with 44.4%(28/63) less than 100 μg/L and 33.3%(21/63) less than 50 μg/L; it was 100.3 μg/L in Wushi County, 50.0%(47/94) less than 100 μg/L and 24.5%(23/94) less than 50 μg/L. The medium of urinary iodine in locating women was 143.3 μg/L, it was 119.7 μg/L and 184.6 μg/L in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The total rate of goiter in school children was 14.3%(43/300), it was 10.8%(13/120) and 16.6%(30/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The average IQ in school children was 80.6±11.6, it was 83.0±11.6 and 79.0±11.7 in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. The proportion of mental retardation in school children (IQ≤69) was 13.0% (39/300), it was 6.7% (8/120) and 17.2%(31/180) in Baicheng and Wushi Counties, respectively. In addition, the proportion of psychological development in infants being normal, suspicious and abnormal was 78.8%(82/104), 12.5% (13/104) and 8.7%(9/104), respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the fact that there is also existence of mental retardation in children and infants, caused by iodine deficiency.     

北京市10～14岁儿童少年的人格类型及影响因素

目的:认识和探讨10～14岁儿童少年人格类型及其影响因素。方法:本实验于2001-10/11以问卷调查形式进行采用艾森克人格问卷(中国版少年式)对北京市1551名10～14岁儿童少年进行测试。结果:10～14岁的儿童少年人格类型所占比例为外向稳定31.5%、外向不稳定25.8%、内向不稳定24.2%、内向稳定18.5%。在性别特点上,内向不稳定的女生人数多于男生,而男生比女生表现出更多的外向稳定人格类型。在年级特点上,小学生更多地表现出内向稳定的人格特点,而初中生则更多地表现出外向不稳定的人格倾向。在人格类型与学习成绩的关系上,学习成绩优秀的儿童少年在性格上表现出最多的外向稳定特点,内向不稳定的儿童少年成绩中等及以下的人数最多。生活在家庭收入较低环境中的儿童少年,性格最为内向稳定,而当家庭收入在3000元以上时,儿童少年表现出最多的外向稳定特点。父亲、母亲文化程度与儿童少年人格类型的关系表现出一致性。当父或母文化程度在初等及以下水平时,他们的孩子性格最为内向稳定,而当受过高等教育,他们的孩子表现出最多的外向稳定型人格特点。结论:10～14岁儿童少年外向稳定人格类型所占的比例最高,内向稳定人格类型所占的比例最低。性别、年级、学习成绩、家庭经济收入及父母的受教育水平与儿童少年的人格类     

北京市10-14岁儿童少年的人格类型及影响因素

目的：认识和探讨10-14岁儿童少年人格类型及其影响因素。方法：本实验于2001—10／11以问卷调查形式进行采用艾森克人格问卷(中国版少年式)对北京市1551名10～14岁儿童少年进行测试。结果：10～14岁的儿童少年人格类型所占比例为外向稳定31．5％、外向不稳定25．8％、内向不稳定24．2％、内向稳定18．5％。在性别特点上，内向不稳定的女生人数多于男生，而男生比女生表现出更多的外向稳定人格类型。在年级特点上，小学生更多地表现出内向稳定的人格特点，而初中生则更多地表现出外向不稳定的人格倾向。在人格类型与学习成绩的关系上，学习成绩优秀的儿童少年在性格上表现出最多的外向稳定特点，内向不稳定的儿童少年成绩中等及以下的人数最多。生活在家庭收入较低环境中的儿童少年，性格最为内向稳定，而当家庭收入在3000元以上时，儿童少年表现出最多的外向稳定特点。父亲、母亲化程度与儿童少年人格类型的关系表现出一致性。当父或母化程度在初等及以下水平时，他们的孩子性格最为内向稳定，而当受过高等教育，他们的孩子表现出最多的外向稳定型人格特点。结论：10～14岁儿童少年外向稳定人格类型所占的比例最高，内向稳定人格类型所占的比例最低。性别、年级、学习成绩、家庭经济收入及父母的受教育水平与儿童少年的人格类型相关。     

短期铁缺乏对大鼠甲状腺功能的影响

目的 研究短期铁缺乏对大鼠甲状腺功能的影响,并探讨其机制,为碘缺乏病的防治工作提供新的线索和思路.方法 选择健康SPF/VAF级初断乳SD雄性大鼠22只,按体质量随机分为对照组(饲料含铁量为65 mg/kg)和铁缺乏组(饲料含铁量为15 mg/kg),每组11只.喂养4周后,测定大鼠体质量和甲状腺质量,并计算甲状腺相对质量.取大鼠全血并分离血清,采用生化法检测血红蛋白、血清铁水平和总铁结合力;化学发光法检测血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平.甲状腺常规固定包埋切片后,免疫组化染色观察甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)蛋白表达情况.结果 铁缺乏组大鼠体质量[(214.3±18.1)g]比对照组[(243.8±16.4)g]减轻(t=4.002,P＜0.01),甲状腺绝对质量[(11.9±1.6)mg]比对照组[(13.4±1.3)mg]降低(t=2.369,P＜0.01),但甲状腺相对质量[(0.055±0.004)g/kg]与对照组[(0.055±0.006)g/kg]比较未见明显变化(t=0.162,P＞0.05).铁缺乏组大鼠血红蛋白水平[(100.4±8.9)g/L]和血清铁水平[(7.0±0.8)μmol/L]比对照组[(146.5±16.3)g/L、(26.1±5.1)μmol/L]降低(t值分别为8.233、12.277,P均＜0.01),总铁结合力[(124.8±6.3)μmol/L]比对照组[(74.0±4.6)μmol/L]升高(t=21.531,P＜0.01).铁缺乏组大鼠血清FT3、FT4和FT3/FT4[(4.71±0.53)、(29.69±2.63)pmol/L、0.16±0.02]均较对照组[(5.69±0.61)、(31.98±2.49)pmol/L、0.18±0.01]降低(t值分别为4.044、2.096、3.255,P＜0.01或＜0.05).铁缺乏组大鼠TPO蛋白表达强度较对照组减弱.结论 铁缺乏可导致甲状腺功能低下,可能与铁缺乏状态下TPO活性降低有关,碘铁联合补充可能会改善铁缺乏地区碘缺乏病防治的效果.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of short-term iron deficiency on thyroid function of rat and its mechanism, and to provide new clues and ideas for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Twenty-two healthy SPF/VAF level weaning male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(iron content in diet was 65 mg/kg) and iron deficiency group(iron content in diet was 15 mg/kg) by body weight, and 11 in each group respectively. After 4 weeks feeding, body weight and thyroid glands weight were measured, and the relative weight of thyroid gland was calculated. Rat whole blood was collected and serum was separated. Hemoglobin, serum iron levels and total iron binding capacity were tested using biochemical assay;serum free iodine thyroid three original acid (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were detected by chemiluminescence;after thyroid were fixed in formalin, embedded with paraffin and sectioned regularly, and immunohistochemical stained, the protein expression of thyroid peroxidase(TPO) was observed. Results Compared with control group [(243.8 ± 16.4)g], iron deficiency group of animals had less body weight[(214.3 ± 18.1 )g, t = 4.002, P ＜ 0.01];there was a lower absolute thyroid weight in iron deficiency group[(11.9 ± 1.6)mg]than in control group[(13.4 ±1.3)mg, t = 2.369, P ＜ 0.01], but no significant changes of the relative weight of thyroid gland between the two groups[(0.055 ± 0.004),(0.055 ± 0.006)g/kg, t = 0.162, P ＞ 0.05]. Hemoglobin and serum iron in iron deficiency group were ( 100.4 ± 8.9)g/L and (7.0 ± 0.8)μmol/L, which were less than that in control group[( 146.5 ±16.3)g/L, (26.1 ± 5.1 )μmol/L, t = 8.233,12.277, all P ＜ 0.01]. Total iron binding capacity in control group was (74.0 ± 4.6)μ mol/L and that in iron deficiency group[(124.8 ± 6.3)μmol/L], and the difference was significant (t = 21.531, P＜ 0.01). At the same time, their serum hormones FT3, FT4 and FT3/FT4[(4.71 ± 0.53), (29.69 ±2.63)pmol/L, 0.16 ± 0.02]were lower than that in control group[(5.69 ± 0.61),(31.98 ± 2.49)pmol/L, 0.18 ±0.01, t = 4.044,2.096,3.255, P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05]. The expression of TPO protein decreased in iron deficiency group than in control group. Conclusions Iron deficiency reduces thyroid function, which perhaps is due to the reduction of TPO activity. Combined supplementation of iodine and iron will possibly improve the prevention effect on iodine deficiency disorder in iron deficiency areas.     

甲型H1N1流感的诊断治疗和护理

甲型H1N1流感是一种新发传染病.2009年3月疫情在墨西哥暴发,随后席卷全球.此次是由变异后的新型甲型H1N1 流感病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病.病毒通过飞沫、气溶胶、直接接触或间接接触传播,临床主要表现为流感样症状,少数病例病情重,进展迅速,可出现病毒性肺炎,合并呼吸衰竭、多脏器功能损伤,严重者可以导致死亡.     

激素补充疗法对围绝经期女性生活质量的影响

目的：探讨激素补充疗法对围绝经期女性生活质量的影响。方法：对有明显围绝经期综合征症状的142例女性,给予每日口服利维爱治疗,共6个月,比较用药前后临床症状的变化。结果：治疗后患者夜间盗汗、潮热等临床症状均显著好转（P均〈0．01）。子宫内膜厚度治疗前后比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：激素补充疗法能有效改善围绝经期综合征症状,提高围绝经期女性的生活质量。     

胰岛素干预治疗非高血糖急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的 研究胰岛素对非高血糖(血糖≤7.0mmol/L)急性脑梗死的治疗作用及预后的影响.方法 将75例不合并高血糖的急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,治疗组40例给予常规治疗加胰岛素治疗即每2～4g低浓度糖注射液中加入1U胰岛素治疗10～14d,对照组35例患者只给予常规治疗,两组所有患者都于入院当日、治疗7d、治疗30d用中国卒中量表对神经系统症状和体征进行评估,根据评分比较两组疗效.结果 治疗7d和30d治疗组有效率分别为52.5%、92.5%.对照组分别为28.6%、68.6%,经统计学处理治疗组与对照组疗效有差异性(P均<0.05).结论 胰岛素干预治疗对非高血糖急性脑梗死病情的恢复和改善预后有积极影响.     

重组改构肿瘤坏死因子联合顺铂治疗恶性腹腔积液的效果

目的：观察重组改构肿瘤坏死因子（recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor,rmhTNF）联合顺铂治疗恶性腹腔积液的疗效和不良反应。方法：回顾分析2005年至2008年上海长海医院肿瘤科54例大至中量恶性腹腔积水患者,在尽量排尽腹腔积液后用rmhTNF联合顺铂注入腹腔进行治疗,观察疗效;观察病例年龄、性别、癌症类别等因素对疗效的影响。结果：54例恶性腹腔积液患者中,明显疗效 23例,有效 28例,无效3例,总有效率为94.4%。生活质量提高并完成化疗者32例,2例因病期较晚死亡。在单因素分析中,rmhTNF联合顺铂治疗对不同年龄、性别等病例的疗效无明显差异,而肿瘤组织类型、KPS评分和腹水积液量对治疗效果影响明显。结论：rmhTNF联合顺铂腹腔注入治疗恶性腹腔积液疗效可靠,可使患者生活质量明显提高,无明显不良反应,是治疗恶性腹腔积液的有效手段之一,尤其适用于不能耐受全身静脉化疗的恶性腹腔积液患者。