蝮蛇抗栓酶等辅助治疗肺结核效果对比

各型肺结核都存在甲皱微循环、肺血流图和血液流变学等异常 ,尤其病变范围广 ,痰菌阳性和毒性症状重者为甚 ,由此提示 ,改善微循环障碍的重要性。目前 ,用于改善微循环治疗肺结核的药物不多 ,且疗效多难确定。为探讨其有效疗法 ,我们将蝮蛇抗栓酶、藻酸双酯钠 (ＰＳＳ)、山莨菪碱 +复方丹参、单纯化疗进行了疗效对比 ,结果证明蝮蛇抗栓酶疗效较佳 ,但须应用得当。1　对象和方法1 1　对象　 93例中 ,男 82例 ,女 11例 ;年龄 18～6 5岁。均符合结核病诊断标准[1] ,住院达 3个月以上 ,无消化性溃疡、糖尿病等重要脏器合并症及出血(咯血 )病史 ;…     

快速康复外科在结直肠癌择期手术中的应用效果

Objective To investigate the clinical application of fast track surgery in patients undergoing elective colorectal carcinoma surgery. Methods Seventy patients with colorectal carcinoma requiring colorectal resection were randomized into two groups: fast-track group (35 cases) and conventional care group (35 cases). Results Sixty-two patients finished the study, 32 cases in fast-track group and 30 cases in conventional care group. The median and average time to the first passage of flatus (2±1 vs. 4±2, P<0.01), the first passage of stool (3.8±1.6 vs. 6.4±2.5, P=0.0007), resumption of normal diet [(4±2) vs. (8.2±2.2), P<0.01] and the length of postoperative stay (6±1 days vs. 11.7±3.8 days, P<0.01) were much shorter in the fast-track group than in the conventional care group. The preoperative incidence of thirst (2/32 vs. 23/30, P<0.01), hunger (5/32 vs. 20/30, P<0.01) and postoperative infectious complications (2/32 vs. 8/30, P=0.04) were much lower in the fast-track group than in the conventional care group. Conclusion Fast track surgery in patients undergoing elective colorectal resection was safe and effective.     

精索静脉曲张显微手术后抗精子抗体水平与精子质量相关性分析

目的:探讨精索静脉曲张(VC)患者行显微精索静脉结扎术前后抗精子抗体(AsAb)水平与精子质量的相关性。方法:选择2015年1月至2017年12月行经外环口显微精索静脉结扎术的精索静脉曲张患者67例为病例组,同期同年龄层次育前检查未发现精索静脉曲张者67例为对照组。测定记录病例组手术前、术后(3、6、12个月)及对照组的AsAb阳性率、精液量、精子浓度、精子活动率、向前运动精子率以及精子畸形率,分析各项检测指标变化情况。结果:对照组与病例组术前AsAb阳性率、精子质量5项指标差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。病例组术后3个月AsAb阳性率与术前差异无统计学意义,术后6、12个月AsAb阳性率均降低,与术前差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。病例组手术后各时间点及对照组精液量均无明显变化。病例组术后精子浓度、精子活动率、向前运动精子率、精子畸形率4项精子质量指标均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。病例组术后12个月精子浓度、精子活动率均较术后6个月、3个月进一步改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);病例组术后6个月与术后3个月精子浓度、精子活动率差异无统计学意义。病例组术后各时间点精子畸形率差异无统计学意义。病例组术后12个月、6个月向前运动精子率较术后3个月进一步改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后12个月与术后6个月向前运动精子率差异无统计学意义。Pearson相关性分析显示,手术前后AsAb阳性率降低与精子浓度、精子活动率改善明显负相关(P0.05)。结论:显微精索静脉结扎术后患者AsAb阳性率明显降低,精子浓度、精子活动率、向前运动精子率及精子畸形率改善明显,且随时间延长,AsAb水平的降低程度与精子浓度、精子活动率改善明显相关,有助于术后疗效的评估。     

波浪床预防压力性溃疡的临床研究

目的观察波浪床对高危患者压力性溃疡(PU)发生的预防作用,探索波浪床的最佳临床使用方法。方法328例符合入选标准的住院患者随机分成对照组和实验第1,2,3组。在常规治疗基础上,对照组采用卧医院标准床及标准海绵床垫(厚9cm)上,加以每2小时的翻身;实验第1,2,3组采用卧波浪床并分别加用每2,4,6小时翻身的方案。每2小时对患者的PU发生情况进行评估并作好记录。结果入院第1周后第1,2组Ⅰ度以上PU的发生率减少,与对照组比较,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。第2周后第1,2组Ⅰ、Ⅱ度以上PU的发生率亦减少,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论波浪床+4h翻身的方案可以有效预防PU的发生,并且可节约护理翻身时间、减少对患者休息和睡眠的干扰;用Ⅱ度以上PU的发生率来评价PU预防效果可能比用Ⅰ度以上PU的发生率更准确。     

99mTc-HL91显像对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨99mTc-HL91乏氧显像对乳腺癌的鉴别诊断的临床价值。方法:51例乳腺包块患者行99mTc-HL91早期(1h)、延迟(4h)平面显像和延迟(4h)断层融合显像,利用计算机感兴趣区(ROI)技术,计算靶/非靶比值(T/TN)。结果:恶性组在1h、4h平面和4h断层图像上T/TN值分别为1.68±0.16、1.85±0.23、2.28±0.49,良性组为1.15±0.18、1.23±0.25、1.43±0.37,良恶性组之间均有显著的差异性(P<0.01);恶性组4h平面T/TN值明显高于1h T/TN值(P<0.01),而良性组增高不明显(P>0.05);以恶性组延迟(4h)断层显像T/TN值-x-1s为截断点,99mTc-HL91对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为93.55%(29/31)、80.00%(16/20)、88.24%(45/51),以良性组延迟(4h)断层显像T/TN值-x 1s为截断点,99mTc-HL91对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为93.75%(30/32)、84.21%(16/19)9、0.20%(46/51)。结论:99mTc-HL91乏氧显像对原发性乳腺癌的诊断具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,具有一定的临床应用价值,而且能提供乳腺癌的氧态信息,从而为制定治疗方案提供依据。     

结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移的治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical pathologic characters of colorectal cancer with simultaneous hepatic metastasis and the prognosis. Methods From Aug. 1994 to Dec. 2006, 2019 cases of colorectal carcinoma were admitted, among them there were 166 patients of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases receiving surgical therapy. Results were analyzed retrospectively using the software of SPSS. Results These 166 patients with synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer accounted for 8.1% of all 2019 patients of colorectal cancer admitted. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CEA level before surgery、depth of invasion、 pathological type and Ducks' stage were the key risk factors predicting simultaneous liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. The survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 69%, 21%, and 9% respectively. There was significant difference among the different liver metastasis group of H1, H2 and H3(X2=23.35, P<0.01). The survival rates of patients undergoing radical resection was higher than those undergoing palliative resection (PR)and by-pass operation or feeding neostomy(BP/ FN)(X2= 21.18,P<0.01). PR improved short-term prognosis but did not improve long-term survival compared with BP/FN group(P=0.13). Conclusion Colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases has poor clinic pathological characters. Different degree of liver metastasis result in different prognosis.Radical resection leads to a better prognosis. Palliative resection can improve short-term prognosis and life quality but can't improve long-term survival.     

快速康复外科在结直肠癌择期手术中的应用效果

Objective To investigate the clinical application of fast track surgery in patients undergoing elective colorectal carcinoma surgery. Methods Seventy patients with colorectal carcinoma requiring colorectal resection were randomized into two groups: fast-track group (35 cases) and conventional care group (35 cases). Results Sixty-two patients finished the study, 32 cases in fast-track group and 30 cases in conventional care group. The median and average time to the first passage of flatus (2±1 vs. 4±2, P<0.01), the first passage of stool (3.8±1.6 vs. 6.4±2.5, P=0.0007), resumption of normal diet [(4±2) vs. (8.2±2.2), P<0.01] and the length of postoperative stay (6±1 days vs. 11.7±3.8 days, P<0.01) were much shorter in the fast-track group than in the conventional care group. The preoperative incidence of thirst (2/32 vs. 23/30, P<0.01), hunger (5/32 vs. 20/30, P<0.01) and postoperative infectious complications (2/32 vs. 8/30, P=0.04) were much lower in the fast-track group than in the conventional care group. Conclusion Fast track surgery in patients undergoing elective colorectal resection was safe and effective.     

结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移的治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical pathologic characters of colorectal cancer with simultaneous hepatic metastasis and the prognosis. Methods From Aug. 1994 to Dec. 2006, 2019 cases of colorectal carcinoma were admitted, among them there were 166 patients of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases receiving surgical therapy. Results were analyzed retrospectively using the software of SPSS. Results These 166 patients with synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer accounted for 8.1% of all 2019 patients of colorectal cancer admitted. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CEA level before surgery、depth of invasion、 pathological type and Ducks' stage were the key risk factors predicting simultaneous liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. The survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 69%, 21%, and 9% respectively. There was significant difference among the different liver metastasis group of H1, H2 and H3(X2=23.35, P<0.01). The survival rates of patients undergoing radical resection was higher than those undergoing palliative resection (PR)and by-pass operation or feeding neostomy(BP/ FN)(X2= 21.18,P<0.01). PR improved short-term prognosis but did not improve long-term survival compared with BP/FN group(P=0.13). Conclusion Colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases has poor clinic pathological characters. Different degree of liver metastasis result in different prognosis.Radical resection leads to a better prognosis. Palliative resection can improve short-term prognosis and life quality but can't improve long-term survival.     

结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移的治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical pathologic characters of colorectal cancer with simultaneous hepatic metastasis and the prognosis. Methods From Aug. 1994 to Dec. 2006, 2019 cases of colorectal carcinoma were admitted, among them there were 166 patients of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases receiving surgical therapy. Results were analyzed retrospectively using the software of SPSS. Results These 166 patients with synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer accounted for 8.1% of all 2019 patients of colorectal cancer admitted. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CEA level before surgery、depth of invasion、 pathological type and Ducks' stage were the key risk factors predicting simultaneous liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. The survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 69%, 21%, and 9% respectively. There was significant difference among the different liver metastasis group of H1, H2 and H3(X2=23.35, P<0.01). The survival rates of patients undergoing radical resection was higher than those undergoing palliative resection (PR)and by-pass operation or feeding neostomy(BP/ FN)(X2= 21.18,P<0.01). PR improved short-term prognosis but did not improve long-term survival compared with BP/FN group(P=0.13). Conclusion Colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases has poor clinic pathological characters. Different degree of liver metastasis result in different prognosis.Radical resection leads to a better prognosis. Palliative resection can improve short-term prognosis and life quality but can't improve long-term survival.     

老山云芝多糖P对巨噬细胞代谢乙酰低密度脂蛋白的影响

老山云芝多糖P可使小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞乙酰LDL(acLDL)受体数目增加。提高巨噬细胞对acLDL的结合、内移和降解。其对巨噬细胞降解acLDL的影响呈浓度效应关系,该效应在云芝多糖100μg/ml时最大,可使巨噬细胞对(~(125)Ⅰ)ac LDL的降解增加77%。实验结果提示,老山云芝多糖P可能通过刺激清道夫受体途径在整体发挥降脂、抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。