全髋和全膝置换术后深静脉栓塞及肺栓塞发生率的前瞻性多中心研究

本研究旨在了解日本国内全髋关节置换(THA)及全膝关节置换(TKA)术后下肢深静脉栓塞(DVT)和肺栓塞(PE)的发生率。1997年～1998年期间,9个医疗中心的THA62例和TKA34例(合计96例)作为调查对象。THA,男性8例,女性54例,年龄59.3(39～79)岁;TKA,男性3例,女性31例,年龄70.6(58～81)岁。肥胖指数(BMI),THA平均24.3,TKA平均23.8。手术时间,     

复杂中足损伤的临床治疗

Objective To evaluate the features and key points of clinical treatment of the complex midfoot injury retrospectively.Methods Twenty-two cases of complex midfoot injury were admitted to our hospital from June 2003 to June 2008, including 8 cases of open fracture and 5 cases of complicated soft tissue defects.Thirteen were emergency cases and the other 9 chronic ones were referred from other hospitals.In the emergency cases, only 1 underwent arthrodesis of the navicular and middle and lateral cuneiform and the others had reduction and internal fixation.In the referred cases, 2 received talar-navicular arthrodesis, 3 Lisfranc arthrndesis (accompanied by distal hallux amputation in 1), 1 navicular-cuneiform arthrudesis and 1 Chopart arthrndesis, 1 medial column amputation and 1 lateral column reconstruction.In the cases of soft tissue defects, 4 underwent free serratus anterior transfer, and 1 had transfer of distally-based sural fas-eio-cutaneous flap.The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring was used to evaluate the results.Results All the patients were followed up for 5 to 44 (average, 17.5) months.The main sequelae of the emergency cases were pain after long time waking, which was relieved following local injection of steroid and NIADs in 2 cases.Of the referred cases, pain and fatigue after walking were reported in 2, callus and pain under the 4th and 5th metatarsal heads in 2, and the whole foot rigidity and atrophy of the intrinsic muscle with severe pain while walking in 1.The case of medial column amputation developed medial arch collapse and valgus of hind foot.The mean AOFAS score for the emergency cases was 80.3± 8.7 and for the chronic ones was 60.1±16.3.Conclusion For complex midfoot injury, good results can only be obtained by early operation, anatomic reduction and stable fixation on the basis of enough understanding of the functional anatomy and traumatic pathology.     

复杂中足损伤的临床治疗

Objective To evaluate the features and key points of clinical treatment of the complex midfoot injury retrospectively.Methods Twenty-two cases of complex midfoot injury were admitted to our hospital from June 2003 to June 2008, including 8 cases of open fracture and 5 cases of complicated soft tissue defects.Thirteen were emergency cases and the other 9 chronic ones were referred from other hospitals.In the emergency cases, only 1 underwent arthrodesis of the navicular and middle and lateral cuneiform and the others had reduction and internal fixation.In the referred cases, 2 received talar-navicular arthrodesis, 3 Lisfranc arthrndesis (accompanied by distal hallux amputation in 1), 1 navicular-cuneiform arthrudesis and 1 Chopart arthrndesis, 1 medial column amputation and 1 lateral column reconstruction.In the cases of soft tissue defects, 4 underwent free serratus anterior transfer, and 1 had transfer of distally-based sural fas-eio-cutaneous flap.The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring was used to evaluate the results.Results All the patients were followed up for 5 to 44 (average, 17.5) months.The main sequelae of the emergency cases were pain after long time waking, which was relieved following local injection of steroid and NIADs in 2 cases.Of the referred cases, pain and fatigue after walking were reported in 2, callus and pain under the 4th and 5th metatarsal heads in 2, and the whole foot rigidity and atrophy of the intrinsic muscle with severe pain while walking in 1.The case of medial column amputation developed medial arch collapse and valgus of hind foot.The mean AOFAS score for the emergency cases was 80.3± 8.7 and for the chronic ones was 60.1±16.3.Conclusion For complex midfoot injury, good results can only be obtained by early operation, anatomic reduction and stable fixation on the basis of enough understanding of the functional anatomy and traumatic pathology.     

距下关节镜诊断治疗跗骨窦综合征

目的 探讨距下关节镜对跗骨窦综合征(STS)的诊断价值和治疗效果,并分析其适应证.方法 回顾性分析我院2006年1月至2012年11月期间治疗的STS病人52例,其中男24例,女28例;年龄18～60岁,平均34岁;病程2个月～10年.分析病因、临床表现和术中镜下所见,明确诊断;比较手术前后美国足踝骨科学会(AO)FAS)踝与后足评分和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)差异,评价疗效.结果 52例病人均获随访,随访时间6～72个月,平均50个月.术前14例有局封治疗无效史,38例病程较长或症状较重,症状均以跗骨窦疼痛为主;46例有足踝部外伤或踝关节扭伤史,其中8例伴有腓骨肌挛缩或后足外翻.术中镜下所见主要为纤维组织、瘢痕、滑膜增生,未见韧带和关节面明显损伤.术后AOFAS踝与后足评分为平均84.00±16.17,显著高于术前平均42.55±18.11(P＜0.01);术后疼痛VAS评分为平均2.09±1.38,显著低于术前平均7.27±2.45(P＜0.01).根据主观疗效评价,24例显效,18例有效,但伴有腓骨肌挛缩、后足外翻或距下关节不稳定的10例效果不明显,最终选择其他手术方法.结论 距下关节镜探查清理跗骨窦内滑膜和增生纤维组织,既可明确STS具体病因,又可有效缓解疼痛.但伴有腓骨肌挛缩、关节不稳或其他骨关节病变时,单纯距下关节镜效果可能不佳,还需其他进一步治疗.