乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇营养知识、态度、行为调查及影响因素分析

目的了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇营养相关知识、态度、行为(knowledge attitude and practice,KAP)现状及其影响因素,为进一步改善孕妇营养状况提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方法对2011年5-11月在乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院定期产前检查维吾尔族孕妇共600例(其中孕早、中、晚期的孕妇各200例)进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括营养知识、营养态度和饮食行为。结果乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇对营养知识缺乏全面深入地了解,营养态度普遍较好。97.0%以上的孕妇希望获得营养相关知识;有58.7%的孕妇主食类选择以精米精面为主,搭配吃粗杂粮;88.8%的孕妇每天吃3～4种蔬菜水果;70.3%孕妇平时饭菜口味一般;实际获取营养信息途径依次为杂志与报纸(69.8%)、医护人员(63.8%)、亲朋好友(56.3%)、电视与广播(52.0%)、网站(18.8%)、其他(9.8%);营养知识、态度、行为间呈明显正相关,孕妇的营养KAP水平与其文化程度、经济收入、职业呈正相关关系。结论乌鲁木齐维吾尔族孕妇人群的营养知识和饮食行为有待改善,应提高医护人员的营养知识技能水平,加强孕妇营养教育宣传,以促进母子健康。     

乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族妇女孕期增重与新生儿出生体重的关系

目的:了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族妇女孕期体重增加现状,并探讨其对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法:以乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族、汉族产妇为调查对象,采用问卷调查的形式,对714例孕产妇进行既往生育史、孕前体重、孕期增重、新生儿体重的调查,比较分析不同民族孕妇孕期增重及新生儿出生体重。结果:乌鲁木齐市产妇孕前BMI指数为(21.63±3.68)kg/m2;孕期增重(16.89±5.82)kg;新生儿出生体重(3.30±0.51)kg;维吾尔族和汉族之间的孕前BMI、孕期增重、新生儿出生体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);维吾尔族低体重儿和巨大儿发生率高于汉族(P<0.05);汉族新生儿体重分组不同,产妇的孕期增重及孕前BMI差异有统计学意义,Pearson相关分析显示新生儿出生体重与孕期增重有关。结论:孕期增重对新生儿出生体重有影响,孕前控制体重、孕期控制适宜的体重增长有利于母婴的健康。     

麦角新碱预防高危孕产妇剖宫产出血的疗效观察

目的评估麦角新碱预防高危孕妇剖宫产术中及术后出血的有效性和安全性。 方法收集2017年2月至6月就诊于全国16家医院具有出血高危因素行剖宫产术的产妇1074例。按使用不同宫缩将患者分成3组,研究组Ⅰ(384例,术中注射缩宫素＋麦角新碱,术后注射缩宫素),研究组Ⅱ(340例,术中注射缩宫素＋麦角新碱,术后注射麦角新碱),对照组(350例,术中和术后注射缩宫素),比较各组术中、术后2 h及术后24 h出血量及药物副作用的情况。采用方差分析和χ²检验对数据进行统计学分析。 结果研究组Ⅱ术中出血量,术后2 h和术后24 h出血增量分别为(400.09±203.82)ml、(31.76±27.83)ml和(60.74±55.27)ml,明显低于研究组Ⅰ的(451.33±441.43)ml、(66.30±43.08)ml和(83.62±56.89)ml,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组Ⅱ使用治疗性宫缩剂为18例(5.29%),分别低于研究组Ⅰ89例(23.18%)和对照组102例(29.14%),q＝3.90和4.32,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论麦角新碱预防高危孕产妇剖宫产术中和术后出血安全有效,但药物不良反应要密切注意。     

妊娠期妇女甲型H1N1流感52例临床观察

目的探讨妊娠期甲型H1N1流感的临床特点。方法对乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院2009年11月2010年1月收治的妊娠期甲型H1N1流感临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果同期住院非甲流孕产妇1856例,确诊甲型H1N1流感52例,发病率2.7%。妊娠期甲型H1N1流感的发热时限及不同孕期与病程时限均无相关关系。使用磷酸奥司他韦（达菲）治疗23例,较未使用此药物患者病程显著缩短[（4.79±2.04）d比（7.26±3.77）d,P〈0.05]。合并肺炎6例,病程较无合并症患者显著延长[（9.83±4.70）d比（5.37±2.54）d,P〈0.05]。结论妊娠期甲型H1N1流感应予以高度重视,在早预防、早诊断及早治疗的基础上,提早预防合并症的发生。明确诊断后及早使用磷酸奥司他韦可缩短疗程。     

银屑病郎格汉斯细胞与降钙素基因相关肽相互关系初探

神经系统与皮肤免疫系统之间的相互作用已引起关注 [1],作为皮肤重要神经递质的降钙素基因相关肽 (calcitoningene- related peptid,CGRP)与表皮和真皮内的多种靶细胞接触,可直接影响角质形成细胞、郎格汉斯细胞、微血管内皮细胞的功能,尤其是与表皮树枝状细胞－郎格汉斯细胞的接触,可能调节皮肤的免疫系统,影响免疫细胞的活化及细胞因子的释放。为探讨 CGRP与银屑病郎格汉斯细胞的关系,我们用免疫组化法研究证明 CGRP存在于银屑病表皮树枝状细胞上,本实验进一步用双相间接免疫荧光染色及激光共聚焦扫描观察,同时利用 RNA探针…     

脑内注射白细胞介素-1β对淋巴结细胞应激免疫抑制因子生成的影响

our previous work showed that a suppressive factor( a protein with largemolecular weight in serum was induced by restraint stress in mice and rats,which suppressed Con Ainduced lymphocyte proliferation.It was also found that the generation of serum suppressive factorwas under control of the central nervous system.Our further study showed thatintracerebroventricular(icv )injection of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist(IL-1Ra)antagonised thegeneration of serum suppressive factor induced by restraint stress and icv injection of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)increased the generation of the suppressive factor.Our experiment also showed that the serumsuppressive factor induced by restraint stress was first made in lymph tissue and then released intoblood.The present work was designed to investigate the role of IL-1 in the brain in generation of thesuppressive factor in lymph node in mice.Icv injection of IL-1β( 1 pg/mouse) was shown tosignificantly increase the generation of the suppressive factor in lymph node.Icv injection of IL-1Ra,however ,antagonised generation of the suppressive factor.In mice without restraint stress,both thesuppressive factor in serum and in lymph node were found to be induced in dose-dependent manner byicv injection of IL-1β.Taken together,these results suggest that IL-1β in brain played a veryimportant role in generation of the suppressive factor in lymph node.The positive correlation betweenthe suppressive action of lymph node and of serum added to the evidence that lymph tissue is probablythe source of the serum suppressive factor.     

血小板活化因子对小鼠巨噬细胞受体结合及产生IL-1的探讨

本文探讨了血小板活化因子对硫乙醇酸钠刺激产生的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞受体结合及产生白细胞介素1的状况。用PAF对~3H-PAF竞争结合实验,测定出对TG-Mφ膜结合的IC50,在20℃为8.5×10~(-9)M,0℃为9.7×10~(-9)M,两者无明显区别;而对TG-Mφ完整细胞的结合。在20℃为6.5×10~(-9)M,0℃为10.5×10~(-9)M,随温度的增高,IC50减小。NaCl有降低~3H-PAF特异结合的能力,IC50为7.5mM。PAF能够刺激TG-Mφ产生白细胞介素1,在10~(-3)M浓度较为明显,和对照组相比,P<0.05。     

ANTI-HUMAN LUNG GIANT CELL CANCER (PG) EFFECT OF HUMAN LAK CELLS IN VITRO AND IN NUDE MICE

Human LAK cells were prepared by culturing normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with or without rIL-2 and assayed for T cell surface markers as well as anti-tumor activity against PC in vitro and in nude mice. Although the percentages of T3, T4, and T8 positive cells in rIL-2-activated cells did not differ significantly from those of control cells in vitro, the former showed stronger cytotoxicity than control cells to PG tumor cells in vitro. In vivo, LAK cells completely inhibited the growth of PG tumor in nude mice, whereas PBMC control cells were to be of no effect. The anti-tumor effect of human LAK cells in nude mice may offer a useful model to study the role of human LAK cells against human tumor in vivo.