大鼠小脑皮质的生长发育

用Nissl和Cox染色法观察48只生后不同发育阶段大鼠的小脑皮质。大鼠小脑皮质的外颗粒层生后继续增厚,于第7～10天达到高峰,以后急剧变薄,至第20天后完全消失。浦氏细胞是小脑皮质中分化较早的神经元,生后即可辨认。第13～16天的小脑皮质中出现数量较多的Bergmann胶质细胞,与颗粒细胞的迁移有关。蓝细胞与星状细胞均起源于外颗粒层,分化较迟。     

泰兴市全人群食管癌病例对照研究

目的：探讨泰兴市食管癌的病因。方法：选择５９１例食管癌新发病例按年龄,性别２和居住地区进行人群为基础１：１配对的病例对照研究。结果：经济状况差、不良嗜好（吸烟、饮酒、口味嗜咸）、不良饮食生活习惯（三餐不按时、喜爱吃烫食物和进食速度快）以及不良精神因素（）受过强烈精神刺激、长期忧郁、长期处于精神压抑状态）和食管病变以及家族食管癌史会增加泰兴市居民患食管癌的危险性。结论应针对上述危险因素采取预防措施。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

输尿管镜治疗输尿管末端结石50例

输尿管末端结石是一种常见多发疾病,具有手术难度较大、易复发等特点。我院2002年5月至2005年1月,共收治输尿管末端结石患者50例,采用输尿管镜碎石、取石,疗效较满意,现报告如下：     

2004-2005年中国居民前列腺癌死亡特征

笔者依据2004-2005年全国第3次死因回顾抽样调查结果,对我国居民前列腺癌死亡特征进行了分析.     

健康教育在普外科手术患者术后康复中的应用效果

目的分析健康教育在普外科手术患者术后康复中的应用效果。方法选取该院2017年4月—2018年3月收治的124例普外科手术患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组62例和观察组62例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施全面的健康教育,比较两组生存质量评分情况和患者对护理工作的满意度。结果在日常生活、社会活动、自理能力、健康知识掌握等各项生存指标质量评分方面,观察组分别为(84.51±3.64)分、(83.72±3.78)分、(84.41±3.85)分、(86.03±4.52)分,均要明显优于对照组的(75.63±2.43)分、(72.58±2.69)分、(73.06±2.59)分、(74.83±3.54)分,均差异有统计学意义(P0.05);在患者对护理工作的满意度方面,观察组的总满意度为91.9%,明显高于对照组的79.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论健康教育应用在普外科手术患者术后康复中,有利于提高患者的生存质量,同时也可以提升患者的满意度,值得推广。     

心理疏导在心血管内科护理中的作用

[目的]分析探讨心理疏导在心血管内科护理中的临床价值和意义。[方法]我院心血管内科2011年3月—2011年12月120例病人。对照组病人行常规护理,观察组病人在常规护理基础上采取心理疏导干预。分析两组病人抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)以及生活质量满意度结果。[结果]观察组病人采取心理疏导后平均抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分明显低于对照组病人(t=12.00、9.21,χ2=59.54、49.73),说明差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1月后随访观察组病人生活质量综合评价优良率显著高于对照组病人(χ2=18.55),说明差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]有效的心理疏导干预在临床护理中能缓解病人焦虑、抑郁等消极情绪。     

邵阳地区医院对男护士的需求调查分析

目的:了解邵阳地区医院对男护士的需求及接受情况,为男护士的培养及合理使用提供理论依据.方法:运用自制调查问卷,采用便利抽样的方法对邵阳地区15所综合性医院护理部及相关临床科室护士长进行不署名问卷调查.结果:95.37%的调查对象认为临床需要男护士,其中不同级别综合性医院对男护士的需求差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同科室差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);88.89%的调查对象认为男护士的学历应为专科;100%的调查对象认为男护士从事护理工作的最主要素质为热爱护理事业;已有男护士的医院为0,有5所医院有招聘意向或计划.结论:男护士具有某些职业优势,医院对男护士有一定需求,但与实际临床使用情况有较大差距.     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.