全文获取类型
收费全文 | 31392篇 |
免费 | 2056篇 |
国内免费 | 225篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 464篇 |
儿科学 | 1322篇 |
妇产科学 | 1004篇 |
基础医学 | 4342篇 |
口腔科学 | 657篇 |
临床医学 | 3354篇 |
内科学 | 6398篇 |
皮肤病学 | 646篇 |
神经病学 | 2874篇 |
特种医学 | 1242篇 |
外国民族医学 | 14篇 |
外科学 | 5342篇 |
综合类 | 128篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 1671篇 |
眼科学 | 826篇 |
药学 | 1392篇 |
中国医学 | 19篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1975篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 227篇 |
2022年 | 232篇 |
2021年 | 418篇 |
2020年 | 331篇 |
2019年 | 364篇 |
2018年 | 537篇 |
2017年 | 517篇 |
2016年 | 666篇 |
2015年 | 602篇 |
2014年 | 859篇 |
2013年 | 1111篇 |
2012年 | 1264篇 |
2011年 | 1359篇 |
2010年 | 841篇 |
2009年 | 1006篇 |
2008年 | 1258篇 |
2007年 | 1289篇 |
2006年 | 1247篇 |
2005年 | 1242篇 |
2004年 | 1006篇 |
2003年 | 1016篇 |
2002年 | 935篇 |
2001年 | 1004篇 |
2000年 | 997篇 |
1999年 | 916篇 |
1998年 | 517篇 |
1997年 | 465篇 |
1996年 | 519篇 |
1995年 | 456篇 |
1994年 | 375篇 |
1993年 | 293篇 |
1992年 | 602篇 |
1991年 | 641篇 |
1990年 | 554篇 |
1989年 | 533篇 |
1988年 | 485篇 |
1987年 | 480篇 |
1986年 | 491篇 |
1985年 | 471篇 |
1984年 | 359篇 |
1983年 | 285篇 |
1982年 | 203篇 |
1981年 | 205篇 |
1980年 | 206篇 |
1979年 | 299篇 |
1978年 | 242篇 |
1977年 | 197篇 |
1975年 | 209篇 |
1974年 | 221篇 |
1973年 | 198篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
152.
153.
Six cases were examined to review the important anaesthetic implications of Larsen's syndrome. Potential problems arising in these patients are highlighted and emphasis placed on cervical spine and airway/respiratory management. 相似文献
154.
Dr. A. Schultze-Mosgau G. Griesinger S. Al-Hasani C. Dorn S. von Otte M. Montag 《Gyn?kologische Endokrinologie》2006,4(4):197-204
There are relatively few effective clinical options for preserving female fertility, particularly following aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment protocols. This document reviews scientific background, current technology, clinical results, and potential future applications of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation. The technology is investigational although rapidly evolving, and the list of appropriate indications may be expanded in the future. Germany stays abreast of these rapid worldwide developments by having founded the first German network of experts for fertility preservation in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. 相似文献
155.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Dr. phil. V. Valderrabano Prof. Dr. phys. V. von Tscharner Prof. Dr. sc. nat. B. M. Nigg MEngTech B. Goepfert Prof. Dr. med. C. B. Frank Prof. Dr. med. B. Hintermann 《Fu? & Sprunggelenk》2007,5(1):33-43
The aim of this orthopaedic-biomechanical study was to evaluate lower leg muscle function in ankle osteoarthritis (OA) patients and muscle rehabilitation after the implantation of a total ankle replacement (TAR). Patients with a severe unilateral ankle OA were assessed with an orthopaedic and biomechanical examination before and one year after TAR surgery. Visual analogue pain score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle score, ankle range of motion for dorsi- and plantar flexion (ROM DF/PF), and calf circumference difference between affected and contralateral healthy leg were measured. Isometric maximal voluntary torque for ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion were measured simultaneously with surface electromyography (EMG; mean frequency and intensity) of the anterior tibial, medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and peroneus longus muscle. Data were compared to a group of age- and gender-matched normal subjects. The mean calf circumference difference between legs did not significantly decrease from preoperative to one year follow-up. The mean dorsiflexion torque and plantar flexion torque of the affected ankle increased significantly. The atrophic muscles were characterized by a reduction of the mean EMG intensity and mean EMG frequency. In the rehabilitation process, the mean EMG intensity recovered and was not significantly different for all muscles, however, not for EMG frequency, which remained low and unchanged. This study reports for the first time in the literature the clinical and biomechanical facts of lower leg muscle atrophy in ankle OA as well as the amount of the muscle rehabilitation after a total ankle replacement. Patients with a symptomatic ankle OA achieve better function with a total ankle replacement; however, one year after the operation neuromuscular and biomechanical deficits may still be present. 相似文献
156.
M. Hullmann T. E. Reichert R. Dahse F. von Eggeling H. Pistner H. Kosmehl und O. Driemel 《Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie》2007,11(1):1-9
Zusammenfassung Die orale Zytologie erf?hrt eine Renaissance, die durch die Einführung der Bürste als Entnahmetr?ger und durch die Anwendung
zus?tzlicher moderner Verfahren bedingt ist. Die Bürste kann tiefe Schichten der oralen Mukosa erfassen, in denen die squam?se
intraepitheliale Neoplasie (SIN) beginnt. Zus?tzliche Verfahren zur Bewertung der biologischen Potenz der gewonnenen oralen
Epithelzellen sind: die computerunterstützte Bildanalyse (OralCDx?), die DNA-Zytometrie, die Immunzytochemie, die Dünnschichtzytologie und molekularbiologische Analysen. Alle genannten Verfahren
sind geeignet, die Sensitivit?t (bis zu 100%) und Spezifit?t (bis zu 100%) der oralen Zytologie zu erh?hen. Dennoch gibt es
Berichte über orale Plattenepithelkarzinome, die mithilfe der Bürstenbiopsie nicht erkannt wurden. Die Wertigkeit der einzelnen
Verfahren kann aktuell aufgrund fehlender vergleichender Studien nicht abschlie?end beurteilt werden. Die Immunzytochemie
mit kommerziellen Antik?rpern gegen Laminin 5 ist allseits verfügbar und methodisch einfach.
Das nichtinvasive diagnostische Verfahren der methodisch unterstützten oralen Bürstenbiopsie kann einen Beitrag zur frühen
Erkennung ausgew?hlter Mundschleimhautl?sionen leisten. Ein positiver Befund oder eine Progression der L?sion bei negativem
Befund sind Indikationen zur überweisung des Patienten an Fachkliniken und zur dort durchgeführten Skalpellbiopsie mit histopathologischer
Untersuchung. Die histopathologische Begutachtung bleibt der Goldstandard in der definitiven Diagnostik maligner oraler L?sionen.
相似文献
157.
158.
159.
Do commonly used oral antihypertensives alter fetal or neonatal heart rate characteristics? A systematic review. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E J Waterman L A Magee K I Lim A Skoll D Rurak P von Dadelszen 《Hypertension in pregnancy》2004,23(2):155-169
OBJECTIVE: To examine fetal (FHR) and neonatal heart rate patterns following use of common oral antihypertensives in pregnancy. METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies (N >/= 6 women), and animal studies. Data were abstracted (two reviewers) to determine relative risk (RR) (or risk difference (RD) for low event rates) and 95% CI. RESULTS: Eighteen RCTs (1858 women), one controlled observational study (N = 22), and seven case series (N = 117) were reviewed. Most hypertension was pregnancy-induced (N = 14 studies). The FHR was assessed by cardiotocogram (CTG) (N = 17 studies (visual interpretation); 1 study (computerized CTG), or umbilical artery velocimetry (N = 4). Four studies examined neonatal heart rate. In placebo-controlled RCTs (N = 192 women), adverse FHR effects did not differ between groups [9/101 (drugs) vs. 7/91 (placebo); RD 0.02, 95% CI (- 0.06, 0.11); chi2 = 1.02]. In six drug vs. drug RCTs (295 women), adverse FHR effects did not differ between groups [29/144 (methyldopa) vs. 42/151 (other drugs); RR 0.72, 95% CI (0.49, 1.07); chi2 = 0.69]. In one labetalol vs. placebo trial, neonatal bradycardia did not differ between groups [4/70 (labetalol) vs. 4/74 (placebo); OR 1.06, 95% CI (0.26, 4.39)], while in three drug vs. drug RCTs, neonatal bradycardia was not observed (0/24 vs. 0/26). CONCLUSIONS: Available data are inadequate to conclude whether oral methyldopa, labetalol, nifedipine, or hydralazine adversely affect fetal or neonatal heart rate and pattern. Until definitive data are available, FHR changes cannot be reliably attributed to drug effect, but may be due to progression of the underlying maternal or placental disease. 相似文献
160.
Matthias Siepe Claudia Heilmann Patrick von Samson Philippe Menasché Friedhelm Beyersdorf 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,28(2):318-324
Several human organs are not capable of functional regeneration following a tissue defect and react with scar formation. In stem cell transplantation, undifferentiated or partly differentiated precursor cells are applied to defective tissue for therapeutic regeneration. After promising preclinical investigations, the transplantation of autologous stem cells for myocardial infarction treatment is being transferred to clinical use. Mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial precursor cells derived from the bone marrow or circulating blood as well as skeletal myoblasts are employed in clinical trials. Furthermore, indications for cell transplantation and delivery routes vary considerably throughout current investigations. Initial results suggest a potential for restoration of cardiac function in stem cell-treated patients; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. This overview will focus on objectives, recent achievements, and future perspectives of diverse stem cell transplantation approaches. 相似文献