职校学生心理健康状况调查

为了解职校学生心理建康状况,采用整群调查方法,对479名职校学生进行症状自评量表评估,并与国内常模进行比较。结果,41.5％学生存在心理健康问题,8.9％学生有明显心理障碍,突出表现为强迫、人际敏感、偏执、敌对、抑郁。除躯体化、人际敏感和抑郁三项因子外,其余因子得分均高于国内常模。不同专业、不同性别学生心理健康状况存在明显差异,吸烟学生较不吸烟者心理状况差。提示职校学生存在不同程度心理健康问题,学校心理卫生和教育工作者必须予以重视,尽早进行综合干预。     

与时俱进 全面开展生活方式教育

该文从疾病谱和死因谱的改变、医学模式的转变、卫生经费的降低、自我保健意识的改变四个角度,论述了全面开展 生活方式教育的必要性和重要性;从以社区为依托、以医院为基础、以生活方式为指导三个方面,探讨了生活方式教 育的工作模式.     

尿中83—1除草剂代谢产物的鉴定

本文采用高效液相色谱、质增、紫外和红外光谱对经83—1除草剂(2,4—二氯—6—硝基酚铵)染毒后大鼠尿液中出现的5种组分的化学结构进行了鉴定,并用纯品对照进行确证,发现组分Ⅴ为未代谢的农药母体,其余4种为代谢产物,依次为:二氯氨基酚、二氯氨基酚丙酮酸结合物、二氯羟氨基酚缩合物和二氯氨基酚葡萄糖醛酸结合物。     

Inflammation-Related Erythrocyte Aggregation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Chronic inflammation is associated with increased erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation. This might have deleterious effects on the microcirculatory flow and tissue oxygenation. We aimed to determine the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation in the peripheral blood of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fifty-two patients (24 women and 28 men) with ulcerative colitis (UC) at a mean age of 44.0 ± 16.8 years and 96 patients (44 women and 52 men) with Crohns disease (CD) at a mean age of 38.0 ± 15.5 years, with various degrees of disease activity, were matched to normal controls. A simple slide test and image analysis were used to determine the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation. CD activity index (CDAI) was determined in patients with CD, while clinical colitis activity index was applied for patients with UC. A significant (P < 0.0005) increment in the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation was noted in both groups of IBD patients compared with matched control groups. This increment was evident even in individuals with a low index of disease activity and during remission. The highly significant correlation with the concentrations of fibrinogen suggests that the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation is an inflammation-related phenomenon. An enhanced state of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation was noted in the peripheral blood of patients with IBD. This might have a deleterious effect on intestinal microcirculatory flow and tissue oxygenation.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Legionella</Emphasis> in Two Splenectomized Patients. Coincidence or Causal Relationship?

Abstract. We describe two splenectomized patients admitted with pneumonia. The course in one was complicated by overwhelming multiorgan failure when the only indicative laboratory result was seropositivity for Legionella hackeliae and Legionella longbeachae. He was initially treated with ceftriaxone and roxithromycin, followed by levofloxacin as well as intensive supportive treatment, and survived. The second patient was seroreactive for Legionella micdadei. In some cases of pneumonia in splenectomized patients tentatively considered to be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the causative agent might have, in fact, been Legionella. We suggest that splenectomy be considered a possible predisposing factor for Legionella pneumonia. Since prompt diagnosis of Legionella infection, especially the non-pneumophila species, is extremely difficult, alertness to this diagnostic option and early empirical initiation of appropriate aggressive antibiotic treatment may be of critical importance.     

北海口岸1997年国际旅行卫生保健工作情况分析

为了更好地开展口岸入出境人员的卫生保健工作，总结了北海口岸1997年卫生保健工作的开展情况。并在此基础上讨论分析了卫生保健在国境卫生检疫工作中的应用及必要性，并就如何做好卫生检疫预防保健工作提出建议，应在旅行医学服务与检疫执法相结合的基础上，与口岸实际相结合，搞好国际旅行卫生保健工作。     

我国青春期生殖健康服务的现况

目的 了解妇幼保健机构提供青春期生殖健康服务的现况，对已开展服务的适宜性、可接受性、有效性以及服务提供者对青少年特有的敏感性和服务态度进行评价。方法 在北京、山东、湖北、广东等省市各选择了1个妇幼保健机构，采用核心人物访谈、门诊观察、病例查阅等定性研究方法进行。结果 所调查的妇幼保健机构均已将青春期生殖健康服务纳入了现有的服务之中。从青少年患者的就诊需求以及病例分析，10～24岁青少年人群，特别是女性，对妇幼保健机构提供生殖健康保健服务的优势已给予一定的认同。但妇幼保健机构整体服务的质量和管理方面尚缺乏以青少年为本的考虑。结论 尽快发展制定有关的青春期生殖健康服务指导和规范。     

HBsAg多聚白蛋白受体在HBV感染中临床意义的研究

本文从371例HBV感染者血清中检测到159例HBsAg-PHSA受体阳性(阳性率为42.86％)。其中以慢活肝阳性率最高(57.77％),并与临床各型乙肝之间存在显著性差异。HBsAg PHSA受体与HBeAg阳性符合率为80.45％;与HBV-DNA阳性符合率为77.84％,均与相应阴性组有非常显著性差异。提示HBsAg-PHSA受体不仅是表明HBV活动性复制的可靠指标,而且也是临床具有感染性的重要指标,对临床判断急、慢性乙肝的预后和转归具有重要意义。     

阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆的血液流变学初步研究

目的 :探讨研究阿尔茨海默病 (AD)、血管性痴呆 (VD)的血液流变有无异常。方法 :对 30例AD和 30例VD和 30例正常老人作血流变检测 ,比较三组全血粘度值 (mpas)中 3、4切变率特点。 结果 :与正常老人相比 ,AD与VD组全血粘度值均显著增高 (P <0 0 0 1) ,而AD与VD相比 ,全血粘度值无显著差异 (P >0 0 0 5 )。结论 :血流变异常 ,尤其是全血粘度值 (mpas)中 3、4增高者 ,是患AD与VD危险因素之一。     

社区卫生服务中心降糖药物使用情况分析

目的了解本院降血糖药物的应用情况．并进行经济学分析和评价，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法采用药物应用频度分析方法，对本院2001至2006年降血糖药物的应用数量，金额，主要品种及用药频度（DDDs）进行回顾性分析。结果降糖药物近6年来总用量逐年上升，品种增加。结论降糖药物使用量与金额呈明显递增趋势，反映糖尿病危害日趋严重。价廉、高效、方便的口服降血糖药物仍是基层医院的临床首选。