社区卫生服务站人力资源现况分析

目的：了解我国重点联系城市社区卫生服务站的人力资源情况。方法：采取普查的方式,由28个重点联系城市（区）所有社区卫生服务站填写社区卫生服务站常规监测表,采用SPSS16.0和Excel2003进行统计分析。结果：社区卫生服务站在岗工作人员东部地区平均为6.01人/站,中部为7.76人/站,西部为9.67人/站;医师的学历结构总体上以本科和专科为主,护士以中专为主;医师和护士的职称构成以初级和中级职称为主;东、中、西部在全科医师和护士岗位培训方面的差异有统计学意义。结论：社区卫生服务站医护比例失调,防保人员所占比例相对偏低,医护人员学历层次低、职称结构不合理,全科医师和护士的培训力度有待加强。     

Taste deficits related to dental deafferentation: an electrogustometric study in humans

Dental treatments, the prevalence of which increases with age, can cause orofacial somatosensory deficits. In order to examine whether they may also affect taste sensitivity, electrogustometric thresholds were measured at 9 loci on the tongue surface in 391 healthy non-smoking, non-medicated subjects. Results showed that the greater the number of deafferented teeth, the higher the thresholds. Irrespective of age, subjects with more than 7 deafferented teeth exhibited significantly higher thresholds than subjects with fewer than 7 deafferented teeth. Conversely, across age groups, no statistical difference was observed among subjects with no, or few, deafferented teeth. Hence, a taste deficit, which was not correlated to aging, was observed. An association was noticed between the location of taste deficits and the location of deafferented teeth. Higher thresholds at anterior sites, with no possible traumatic injury relationship, suggested that neurophysiological convergence between dental somatosensory and taste pathways - possibly in the nucleus tractus solitarius - could be responsible for these relative decreases of taste sensitivity when dental afferences were lacking. Among trigeminal contributions, lingual nerve and inferior alveolar nerve may synergize taste.     

严重少精子症和无精子症患者染色体核型分析

目的：探讨男性严重少精子症和无精子症与染色体异常的关系。方法：对364例严重少精子症和无精子症患者进行外周血淋巴细胞培养,G显带染色体核型分析。结果：严重少精子症和元精子症异常染色体检出率分别为6．29％（9／143）、11．76％（26／221）。严重少精子症以染色体易位为主77．78％（7／9）,无精子症以染色体数目畸变占大多数88．46％（23／26）。结论：染色体异常是导致严重少精子症和无精子症的重要原因之一,在卵胞浆内单精子显微注射治疗前进行染色体核型分析是必要的。     

Testing NMDA receptor block as a therapeutic strategy for reducing ischaemic damage to CNS white matter

Damage to oligodendrocytes caused by glutamate release contributes to mental or physical handicap in periventricular leukomalacia, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and stroke, and has been attributed to activation of AMPA/kainate receptors. However, glutamate also activates unusual NMDA receptors in oligodendrocytes, which can generate an ion influx even at the resting potential in a physiological [Mg2+]. Here, we show that the clinically licensed NMDA receptor antagonist memantine blocks oligodendrocyte NMDA receptors at concentrations achieved therapeutically. Simulated ischaemia released glutamate which activated NMDA receptors, as well as AMPA/kainate receptors, on mature and precursor oligodendrocytes. Although blocking AMPA/kainate receptors alone during ischaemia had no effect, combining memantine with an AMPA/kainate receptor blocker, or applying the NMDA blocker MK-801 alone, improved recovery of the action potential in myelinated axons after the ischaemia. These data suggest NMDA receptor blockers as a potentially useful treatment for some white matter diseases and define conditions under which these blockers may be useful therapeutically. Our results highlight the importance of developing new antagonists selective for oligodendrocyte NMDA receptors based on their difference in subunit structure from most neuronal NMDA receptors.     

NQO1、GSTT1和GSTM1基因多态性与慢性苯中毒的遗传易感性

目的探讨NQO1、GSTT1和GSTM1基因多态性与慢性苯中毒遗传易感性之间的关系。方法选择100名慢性苯中毒病例为病例组及90名同期接苯但无苯中毒表现的同工种工人为对照组,应用PCR-RFLP及多重PCR方法判定NQO1、GSTT1和GSTM1基因型。结果携带NQO1C609TT/T基因型(纯合突变型)个体发生苯中毒的危险性是具有C/T基因型(杂合型)和C/C基因型(野生型)个体的2.82倍(95%CI1.42～5.58,P<0.05),是具有C/C基因型(野生型)个体的2.94倍(95%CI1.25～6.90,P<0.05);携带GSTT1缺失(null)基因型个体发生苯中毒的危险性是具GSTT1非缺失(non-null)基因型个体的1.91倍(95%CI1.05～3.45,P<0.05),未发现GSTM1基因型与苯中毒的关系。同时携带NQO1C609TT/T基因型、GSTT1缺失、GSTM1缺失任何两种基因型的个体发生苯中毒的危险性均高于同时携带野生型及非缺失基因型的个体;并且同时携带NQO1C609TT/T基因型、GSTT1缺失与GSTM1缺失个体接苯时发生苯中毒的危险性最高,是NQO1C609TC/T基因型和C/C基因型、GSTT1非缺失型(non-null)与GSTM1非缺失型(non-null)个体的20.41倍(95%CI3.79～111.11,P<0.01)。结论基因之间的交互作用在苯中毒的发生中起重要作用。同时携带NQO1C609TT/T基因型、GSTT1缺失基因型和GSTM1缺失基因型个体发生苯中毒的风险最     

Management of internal root resorption in the maxillary central incisor with fractured root using Biodentine

Biodentine is desirable to successfully manage internal root resorption, and the MTA apical plug backfilled with thermoplasticized gutta‐percha is suggested for the tooth with external apical root resorption.