Trisomy 18 phenotype in a patient with an isopseudodicentric 18 chromosome.

We report a female patient with a typical trisomy 18 phenotype who has a 46,XX, -18, +isopseudodic(18)(p11) karotype. The lack of features of the 18p- syndrome suggests that a significant amount of short arm material is present and that the Turner-like features associated with 18p- may be determined by monosomy for 18p11. The phenotype-genotype correlations in abnormalities affecting chromosome 18 are reviewed.     

Blood flow and structure interactions in a stented abdominal aortic aneurysm model

Since the introduction of endovascular techniques in the early 1990s for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), the insertion of an endovascular graft (EVG) into the affected artery segment has been greatly successful for a certain group of AAA patients and is continuously evolving. However, although minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is very attractive, post-operative complications may occur. Typically, they are the result of excessive fluid-structure interaction dynamics, possibly leading to EVG migration. Considering a 3D stented AAA, a coupled fluid flow and solid mechanics solver was employed to simulate and analyze the interactive dynamics, i.e., pulsatile blood flow in the EVG lumen, pressure levels in the stagnant blood filling the AAA cavity, as well as stresses and displacements in the EVG and AAA walls. The validated numerical results show that a securely placed EVG shields the diseased AAA wall from the pulsatile blood pressure and hence keeps the maximum wall stress 20 times below the wall stress value in the non-stented AAA. The sac pressure is reduced significantly but remains non-zero and transient, caused by the complex fluid-structure interactions between luminal blood flow, EVG wall, stagnant sac blood, and aneurysm wall. The time-varying drag force on the EVG exerted by physiological blood flow is unavoidable, where for patients with severe hypertension the risk of EVG migration is very high.     

腰丛神经的数字化解剖及其临床意义

目的:对腰丛及其周围的组织结构进行可视化的研究,为微创手术提供更精确的数据和解剖学资料.方法:利用“虚拟中国人“Ⅰ号女性数据集,重建腰丛及其周围组织结构的三维可视化模型.结果:通过数字人数据集重建的三维图片显示腰丛神经及其主要分支与主要血管和椎体及肾脏之间的关系,又可清楚的显示腰丛神经与腰大肌之间的关系.结论:数字人数据集可提供腰丛和周围组织器官的断层图片,为腰丛的解剖学位置及腰椎前路手术提供了形态依据.     

脊柱胸腰段薄层断层解剖及临床意义

目的：明确脊柱胸腰段冠状、矢状和横断面解剖学特点，探索薄层断层切片在观测各髓节及脊神经根走行过程的临床应用价值。方法：采用40具成人脊柱胸腰段标本经改良火棉胶包埋法处理，制作16具冠状、8具矢状和16具横位的0．25mm厚连续切片，观察脊神经根走行于侧椎管和椎间管不同区段的解剖关系和椎间孔韧带分布特征，并直接测量相关结构参数。结果：观测了脊柱胸腰段A、B、C、D经4区横断层面、经椎间管内口矢状层面、经两侧椎弓根中心冠状层面的形态和相关参数。结论：三种方位断层切片可较好显示诸多结构位置关系，对脊髓或脊神经源性疾病诊疗和正确辨认手术视野所见具有重要价值。     

一次性注射器填充级HDPE专用料的研制

通过对母料载体树脂的筛选,无机填料的选择,添加性能优良的耐辐射助剂,制成了具有耐辐射性能、加工性能良好的母料,该母料的制备工艺简单。本文所述的填充级HDPE专用料是将HDPE与填充母料经过简单掺混制成的。经测试专用料满足国家医药标准YY 0114—93《医用输液、输血、注射器聚乙烯专用料》的要求。制品厂试验表明:该填充级的HDPE专用料加工性能良好,用该填充级HDPE专用料注射成型的注射器芯杆装配成一次性注射器满足国家专业标准ZBC 31009—87《一次性无菌注射器》的要求。该填充母料的加入可大大降低材料的成本,100份HDPE 7006A可添加67份填充母料,该填充级专用料的价格比HDPE树脂降低约1500元/吨,因此该填充级HDPE专用料的推广和使用具有良好的经济效益。     

Identification of clinically relevant viridans group streptococci by sequence analysis of the 16S-23S ribosomal DNA spacer region

The feasibility of sequence analysis of the 16S-23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) intergenic spacer (ITS) for the identification of clinically relevant viridans group streptococci (VS) was evaluated. The ITS regions of 29 reference strains (11 species) of VS were amplified by PCR and sequenced. These 11 species were Streptococcus anginosus, S. constellatus, S. gordonii, S. intermedius, S. mitis, S. mutans, S. oralis, S. parasanguinis, S. salivarius, S. sanguinis, and S. uberis. The ITS lengths (246 to 391 bp) and sequences were highly conserved among strains within a species. The intraspecies similarity scores for the ITS sequences ranged from 0.98 to 1.0, except for the score for S. gordonii strains. The interspecies similarity scores for the ITS sequences varied from 0.31 to 0.93. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS regions revealed that evolution of the regions of some species of VS is not parallel to that of the 16S rRNA genes. One hundred six clinical isolates of VS were identified by the Rapid ID 32 STREP system (bioMérieux Vitek, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and by ITS sequencing, and the level of disagreement between the two methods was 18% (19 isolates). Most isolates producing discrepant results could be unambiguously assigned to a specific species by their ITS sequences. The accuracy of using ITS sequencing for identification of VS was verified by 16S rDNA sequencing for all strains except strains of S. oralis and S. mitis, which were difficult to differentiate by their 16S rDNA sequences. In conclusion, identification of species of VS by ITS sequencing is reliable and could be used as an alternative accurate method for identification of VS.     

细胞角蛋白19、galectin-3、HBME-1在甲状腺病变上的表达及鉴别诊断意义

目的 研究细胞角蛋白(CK)19、galectin(Gal)-3、HBME-1在甲状腺不同病变表达的特点及鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 应用免疫组织化学EnVision法检测了21例结节性甲状腺肿(结甲)、14例毒性甲状腺肿(甲亢)、15例甲状腺滤泡性腺瘤(腺瘤)、13例滤泡性癌、13例滤泡型乳头状癌及48例经典型乳头状癌中单克隆抗体CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的表达。结果 甲状腺病变中3种标记表达均位于细胞质;CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的表达在甲状腺良性病变(结甲、甲亢、腺瘤)大多为弱阳性或阴性,而滤泡性癌阳性明显增加、乳头状癌(滤泡型及经典型)大多为中、强阳性,3种标记在甲状腺不同病变的阳性表达率结甲为52．4％(11／21)、9．5％(2／21)、19．0％(4／21),甲亢为50．0％(7／14)、7．1％(1／14)、7．1％(1／14),腺瘤为60％(9／15)、13．3％(2／15)、13．3％(2／15),滤泡性癌为76．9％(10／13)、61．5％(8／13)、53．8％(7／13),滤泡型乳头状癌为：100％(13／13)、84．6％(11／13)、92．3％(12／13),经典型乳头状癌为100％(48／48)、93．8％(45／48)、95．8％(46／48);在甲状腺良性病变(结甲、甲亢、腺瘤)与恶性病变(滤泡性癌、乳头状癌)间3种标记差异均有显著性(P均=0．000);同时3种标记在滤泡样病变即腺瘤、滤泡性癌和滤泡型乳头状癌间亦有显著差异(CK19：P=0．038,Gal-3：P=0．001,HBME-1：P=0．000)。结甲有9例,甲亢有7例,腺瘤有6例3种标记均不表达,滤泡性癌仅有1例,而乳头状癌(滤泡型及经典型)没有病例3种标记均不表达,同一病例有2种以上阳性表达在结甲、甲亢、腺瘤、滤泡性癌、滤泡型乳头状癌和经典型乳头状癌中分别为14．2％(3／21)、21．4％(3／14)、20．0％(3／15)、69．2％(9／13)、92．3％(12／13)、100．0%(48／48),在甲状腺良性病变与恶性病变间以及滤泡样病变间差异亦有显著性(P=0．000)。结论 CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的检测尤其是联合检测对甲状腺病变的诊断、鉴别诊断具有较高的实用价值。     

Translocation of Enterococcus faecalis strains across a monolayer of polarized human enterocyte-like T84 cells

We used a two-chamber system to study transcytosis of Enterococcus faecalis across monolayers of human colon carcinoma-derived T84 cells, which show structural resemblance to the native intestine. Among 16 E. faecalis isolates from different sources, the well-characterized strain OG1RF and 8 other isolates (2 endocarditis isolates, 1 urine isolate, and all 5 fecal isolates) showed translocation in this assay, while 6 clinical isolates (3 endocarditis and 3 urine isolates), the recipient strain JH2-2, and the control, Escherichia coli DH5alpha, had no detectable translocation. Of two OG1RF mutants involving the previously studied epa (enterococcal polysaccharide antigen) gene cluster, known to be needed for virulence and resistance to killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, one epa mutant (TX5179) was unable to translocate, while TX5180, with an epa disruption farther downstream, showed a moderate decrease in translocation relative to that of the wild-type strain OG1RF (P < 0.01), indicating that the epa gene cluster is important for translocation across a T84 monolayer. This observation was confirmed by complementation of the epa mutant (TX5179) with epa genes and restoration of its translocation ability. In conclusion, we have demonstrated translocation of at least some strains of E. faecalis across T84 monolayers, although strains differ considerably in this ability, and we have demonstrated that epa mutations can cause marked changes in successful translocation. These results suggest that this model may be a useful in vitro system for studying the process of translocation from the intestinal tract.