Expression of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA in rat dorsal raphe nucleus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray neurons after peripheral inflammation

In the present study we observed the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1A receptor mRNA in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) neurons, especially in 5-HT immunoreactive neurons (5-HT-IR), using in situ hybridization (ISH) and double staining with fluorescent ISH (FISH) and immunohistochemical (FIH) techniques. The findings of this study demonstrated that 5-HT1A receptor mRNA was expressed with moderate to high level in the DRN and vlPAG neurons. Following carrageenan inflammation, the expression of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA in the DRN and bilateral vlPAG neurons was significantly increased. The peak occurred at 3-8h followed by a clear decrease at 24 h, which basically corresponded to the time-course of behavioral hyperalgesia. Moderate 5-HT1A receptor mRNA and 5-HT immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) double-labeled cells were observed in the DRN and vlPAG, suggesting that some of 5-HT1A receptors in the DRN and vlPAG may be autoreceptors. Eight hours after carrageenan injection, the number of the double labeled cells was significantly increased. These results suggest that the synthesis of 5-HT1A receptors, including autoreceptors, is increased in the DRN and vlPAG during peripheral inflammation.     

芪丹颗粒剂治疗肺间质纤维化105例临床研究

目的:观察芪丹颗粒剂对肺间质纤维化患者的临床疗效.方法:选择105例肺间质纤维化患者作为治疗组,给予芪丹颗粒剂,对照组60例,给予强的松0.5mg/kg,两组疗程均为3～6个月,每1～3个月随诊1次.观察两组患者治疗后的症状、体征、肺部高分辨率CT(HRCT)及肺功能变化.结果:治疗6个月后,治疗组症状、体征改善率优于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);治疗组治疗3个月和6个月后,肺HRCT和肺功能改善率优于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:芪丹颗粒剂可以不同程度地改善肺间质纤维化患者症状和体征,使患者肺功能停止恶化,且用药期间未见任何副作用,耐受性良好.     

中华眼镜蛇毒组分C与几种临床化疗药体外对人胶质瘤株作用的差异研究

背景与目的：脑胶质瘤是常见的颅内肿瘤，占脑恶性肿瘤的50％以上，化疗作为综合治疗的一项重要手段，仍存在效果不理想、易耐药等问题。本文就研究中华眼镜蛇毒组分C（Fraction C from Naja Naja Actra Venom，NNAV．FC）体外对人胶质瘤细胞株U-251的细胞毒性作用，并与几种临床脑肿瘤化疗用药进行比较，以求为脑胶质瘤的治疗提供新的化疗药物。方法：应用MTT法．观察NNAV．FC人胶质细胞瘤株U-251的细胞毒作用、量效关系等，并与依托泊苷（vp=16、鬼臼乙叉苷、Vepesid）、卫萌（替尼泊苷、鬼臼甲叉甙vm-26，Teniposide）、顺铂（Cisplatin、CDDP）、卡铂（Carboplatin）、五氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）等对上述细胞的细胞毒作用进行比较。结果：FC对人胶质瘤细胞有明显的抑制作用，其24及48h的IC50分别为5．76和7．19μg／ml，且呈良好的量效关系。结论：在本实验中，FC能有效抑制胶质瘤细胞株的生长，抑制作用与浓度呈正相关，与临床胶质瘤化疗药相比较。FC是有效地抑制胶质瘤细胞生长的药物。     

天花粉与混淆品长萼瓜蒌的紫外光谱鉴定

目的：寻求一种鉴定天花粉与其混淆品长萼瓜蒌的有效方法。方法：采用天花粉双边栝楼根以及瓜氨酸作为对照物质，与长萼瓜蒌根同时进行紫外光谱扫描。结果：紫外光谱显示，长萼瓜蒌的水和乙醇溶液在272nm波长处均有最大吸收，而天花粉及瓜氯酸均无此光谱特征，可资鉴别。结论：用紫外光谱法鉴定天花粉与长萼瓜蒌，方法简便可行，结果准确可靠。     

HBV血清学标志物检测技术应用与评价

目的：评价时间分辨荧光免疫技术与斑点金免疫层析技术在实际工作中的应用。方法：采用两种方法同时检测88份标本血清，并进行结果比对。结论：二者存在Kappa值高度一致，但DICA法灵敏度不高，有一定的误检率。因而仅适合于筛查、床边检验、和家庭检验。而TRFIA法则以其更灵敏、特异性更强、可定量分析的优点将在医院临床检验中得到更好的应用。     

从《伤寒论》辨证组方看个体化诊疗

《伤寒论》是一部中医辨证论治的经典著作，其组方之法度严明，结构规范，用药简括，疗效可靠。既体现了传统的经典配伍理论，又展示出个体化诊疗的药物组合法则；不仅为医方学术奠定了良好的基础，而且为个体化诊疗医方组合的不断发展提示了思路和方法。其以整体观为指导的辨证施治的用方用药特点，体现了《内经》因时、因地、因人而异的个体化诊疗特点；其经方组方的个体化诊疗特点是以个体为核心，紧密结合临床实际，有着较高的实用价值，且历经千余年而不衰。因此，探讨《伤寒论》方的个体化诊疗特点与思维方法，对指导现今中医临床治疗，有着重要的现实意义。     

益精补阳还五汤辅治开角型青光眼对其眼压及预后的影响

目的：研究益精补阳还五汤辅治开角型青光眼患者对其眼压控制及预后影响效果。

方法：选取我院2015-07/2017-07收治的开角型青光眼患者93例186眼。按照随机数字表法将所有患者分为两组。观察组47例94眼,给予马来酸噻吗洛尔滴眼液结合益精补阳还五汤辅助治疗; 对照组46例92眼,仅使用马来酸噻吗洛尔滴眼液治疗。观察比较两组患者治疗后临床疗效,治疗前后视力、眼压、视网膜中央动脉血流测定值、平均缺损范围、视野平均光敏度以及图像诱发视觉电位情况。

结果：观察组治疗后总有效率明显高于对照组(85.1% vs 63.0%)(P<0.01)。治疗后,观察组眼压明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组治疗后视网膜中央动脉血流RI测定值明显低于对照组(P<0.01),PSA、EDV测定值明显高于对照组(P=0.011、<0.01)。观察组治疗后视野平均光敏度明显高于对照组(P=0.001),平均缺损范围明显少于对照组(P=0.011)。

结论：使用益精补阳还五汤辅治开角型青光眼临床疗效显著,可有效控制患者眼压水平,扩大视野范围,促进血流循环,改善预后。     

Thyroid dysfunction during PD-1 inhibitor treatment in patients with cancer: Incidence and association with progression-free survival

The use of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors has recently been approved in China. As a consequence, the identification of relevant prognostic markers that can assess the efficacy of these compounds is required. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the incidence of thyroid dysfunction and its ability to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in Chinese patients with cancer who received PD-1 inhibitor treatment. Data from 72 patients with cancer who received treatment with PD-1 inhibitors alone or in combination with chemotherapy or targeted drugs were analyzed. Moreover, the expression levels of free triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyrotropin during treatment were assessed to evaluate thyroid dysfunction. A total of 26 (36.1%) patients who had received PD-1 inhibitors developed thyroid dysfunction. Specifically, the incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 35.6% in patients with lung cancer, 25.0% in patients with malignant melanoma, and 46.7% in patients with other types of cancer. In addition, the median PFS was 7.0 (95% confidence interval, 4.9-9.1) months, whereas the 1- and 2-year PFS rates were 35.1 and 26.2%, respectively. Generally, patients with thyroid dysfunction exhibited longer PFS compared with those without thyroid dysfunction (P=0.001). Subgroup analyses were subsequently performed, which demonstrated that thyroid dysfunction was associated with longer PFS in patients with malignant melanoma (P=0.039) and other types of cancer (P=0.002), but not in those with lung cancer (P=0.083). These findings were noted in patients who received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (P=0.003), but not PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy (P=0.172) or PD-1 inhibitor plus targeted therapy (P=0.582). Finally, thyroid dysfunction [P=0.001; hazard ratio (HR)=0.260] and PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (P=0.015; HR=2.231) were identified as independent factors that could predict PFS. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that thyroid dysfunction during PD-1 inhibitor treatment could be used as a potential marker for the prognosis of favorable PFS in patients with cancer.     

一氧化氮合酶在高原地区支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用

目的:探讨一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)在高原地区支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用.方法:采用ELISA法测定30例高原地区支气管哮喘患者和90例低、中高海拔健康人血浆中不同类型NOS(tNOS、iNOS和cNOS)的含量,并进行对比分析.结果:高原低氧环境下支气管哮喘患者的血浆总一氧化氮合酶(tNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和原生型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)水平分别为(19.67±7.02)U/mL、(14.20 ±9.08)U/mL和(5.47±6.32)U/mL,与3个对照组比较,tNOS、iNOS水平有统计学意义(P均<0.05);而cNOS水平无统计学意义(P>0.05).不同海拔高度的对照组比较,tNOS、iNOS和cNOS水平与海拔高度无直接相关.结论:高原地区支气管哮喘组tNOS和iNOS的活性增高, tNOS含量高的原因与iNOS的水平高有关,提示由iNOS生成的NO参与了哮喘的气道炎症形成.