抑郁症模型大鼠海马受体、离子通道基因表达谱变化及甘麦大枣汤加味的调节作用

目的:探讨抑郁症模型大鼠海马受体、离子通道基因表达谱变化及甘麦大枣汤加味的调节作用。方法:以孤养加慢性不可预见性温和刺激制作抑郁症模型大鼠,通过旷场行为测定和饮水试验观察大鼠行为学变化,采用基因芯片技术检测大鼠海马各类受体mRNA表达,RT-PCR法检测大鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)mRNA表达。并以文拉法辛为对照,观察甘麦大枣汤加味对上述各项指标的影响。结果:模型组大鼠水平运动、垂直活动及糖水消耗量显著下降(P<0.01),海马单胺类(DA、5-HT、NE)、氨基酸类(NMDA、GABA、Gly)、神经肽类(AT、AVP)受体亚型表达下调,BDNF mRNA表达显著下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,甘麦大枣汤加味23g/kg与文拉法辛25mg/kg大鼠水平运动、垂直活动及糖水消耗量显著上升(P<0.01),海马单胺类(DA、5-HT、NE)、氨基酸类(NMDA、GABA、Gly)、神经肽类(AT、AVP)受体亚型表达上调,BDNF mRNA表达显著增加(P<0.01)。结论:甘麦大枣汤加味与文拉法辛可上调海马单胺类、氨基酸类、神经肽类受体亚型,改善细胞信号转导途径功能,增加BDNF表达,从而纠正模型大鼠行为学异常。     

全反式维甲酸在儿童急性早幼粒细胞白血病中的应用

急性早幼粒细胞白血病(Acute promyelocytic leukemia,APL)在FAB(French-American-British Cooperative Group)分型中是急性髓系白血病中的一个亚型,属于M3型,以骨髓细胞阻滞在早幼粒阶段而成为白血病细胞进而增殖和聚集为特征,在中国儿童急性髓细胞性白血病(Acute myelocytic leukemia,AML)中占10%左右[1,2]。儿童和成人APL的临床和分子学特征很相似,但儿童APL更多的伴随较高的白细胞数量[3]。不管是成人还是儿童APL,白细胞数量是一个重要的预后影响因素。与AML的其他亚型比较,APL患者的白细胞数量较低。有报道称白细胞增     

10S精益管理提升静脉用药调配中心服务质量的实践与应用

目的：分析儿科住院患者吸入用布地奈德混悬液的使用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：采用回顾性调查方法,从2018年5月至2019年4月儿科住院患者吸入用布地奈德混悬液使用率前10位科室中,每个科室随机抽取30份病历,共计300份,对吸入用布地奈德混悬液使用情况进行统计和分析。结果：107例（35.6%）适应证不合理,148例（49.3%）用药频次不合理,231例（77.0%）雾化时合并使用了其他药物,4例发生不良反应。结论：医院应加强超说明书用药的监管,制定吸入用布地奈德混悬液合理用药标准,提高合理用药水平。     

山药配方颗粒溶化性差的原因分析与解决策略

山药配方颗粒由山药饮片经水煎煮提取、分离、浓缩、干燥、制粒而成,具有调剂简单、使用方便、免煎易服等优势。然而,因山药富含淀粉与黏液质类成分,其提取物粉末与配方颗粒溶化性差,在5 min内难以完全溶化或分散,不溶物即使在水中静置24 h也难以完全溶散,影响了配方颗粒的质量评价与患者的服药心理。因此,通过研究山药提取物及其配方颗粒的溶化过程与机制,发现山药特殊的化学组成、高温提取过程中淀粉的变性及其与蛋白质等物质的复合、喷雾干燥过程中“衣膜”的收缩形成等因素综合叠加,最终形成“衣膜”包覆淀粉粒的特殊微观结构,是山药配方颗粒溶化性差的根本原因。基于课题组前期对粉体结构-性质-功能的研究,笔者提出采用粉体改性工艺改善山药配方颗粒溶化性的技术策略,并通过实验证明改性处理后的山药配方颗粒能在2 min内实现全部溶散,解决了该技术难题,可为其他类似品种的溶化性改善提供借鉴,推动中药配方颗粒产业的高质量发展。     

Flavonoids in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms

Ischemic heart diseases are one of the major causes of death worldwide. Effective restoration of blood flow can significantly improve patients’ quality of life and reduce mortality. However, reperfusion injury cannot be ignored. Flavonoids possess well-established antioxidant properties;They also have other benefits that may be relevant for ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI). In this review,we focus on flavonoids with cardiovascular-protection function and emphasize their pharmacological effects. The main mechanisms of flavonoid pharmacological activities against MIRI involve the following aspects: a) antioxidant, b) anti-inflammatory, c) anti-platelet aggregation, d) anti-apoptosis, and e)myocardial-function regulation activities. We also summarized the effectiveness of flavonoids for MIRI.     

高效液相色谱法测定红宝散中欧前胡素的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定红宝散中欧前胡素的含量。方法采用HPLC法,Apollo-C18（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）色谱柱,流动相为甲醇一水（55：45）,流速为1．0mL·min-1,紫外检测波长为300nm,柱温为室温。结果欧前胡素进样量在0．0300-0．2000ug线性关系良好,r=0．9999,平均回收率99．68％,RSD=0．35％。结论本方法准确、简便、快速,可作为红宝散中欧前胡素的含量测定。     

人参皂苷Rg1对大脑皮质神经细胞生物膜的影响

目的:研究人参皂苷Rg1对原代培养正常大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞生物膜的影响。方法:采用细胞培养技术,运用比色法、硫代巴比妥酸法、黄嘌呤氧化酶法(羟胺法)和微量酶标法测定人参皂苷Rg1对细胞内ACP活力、MDA含量、SOD活力及LDH释放量的影响。结果:1mg/ml、2 mg/ml及4 mg/ml人参皂苷Rg1作用30min可不同程度增加正常培养神经细胞的LDH释放量和细胞内SOD活力,降低细胞内ACP活力及MDA含量。结论:1mg/ml、2 mg/ml及4 mg/ml人参皂苷Rg1作用30min对正常培养大脑皮质神经细胞生物膜具有显著影响,其中对溶酶体膜有保护作用,对生物膜的脂质过氧化反应有抑制作用,能减轻自由基对生物膜的攻击及损伤,但对细胞膜可能有一定的损伤作用。     

胆囊结石术后胃肠功能紊乱的针刺研究

目的:观察不同针刺刺激量对胆囊结石术后胃肠功能紊乱患者胃肠功能的恢复以及血管活性肠肽(VIP)的影响。方法:将32例患者分为四组,分为提插强刺激组、提插弱刺激组、捻转强刺激组、捻转弱刺激组,观察给予不同针刺刺激后四组患者的胃肠功能和血管活性肠肽(VIP)的变化。结果:统计学处理后,对于肠鸣音恢复时间,提插强刺激组和捻转弱刺激组之间的比较有统计学意义;对于术后排气时间,提插强刺激与捻转强刺激、捻转弱刺激之间,提插弱刺激与捻转弱刺激之间均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余无统计学意义;术后排便时间统计结果无差异(P>0.05)。对于VIP,四组病人术前血管活性肠肽无差异(P>0.05),具有可比性;术后第2天四组病人血浆血管活性肠肽含量治疗后均有回升趋势,提插弱刺激组和捻转弱刺激组病人血浆VIP含量在治疗后与提插强刺激组和捻转强刺激组比较均有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:强刺激对血管活性肠肽的变化的影响较弱刺激好,同样的刺激量下提插较捻转的对血管活性肠肽的变化影响大,提插强刺激对于胃肠功能恢复的作用由于其他三种。     

Exploring the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD), as one of the traditional Chinese medicine formulas, is widely used in the clinical treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with curative effect. It has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and mutual synergy, but the mechanism of action is often unclear. It needs some research to explore the molecular mechanism of BYHWD in the treatment of LDH based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Screen the active compounds of BYHWD and predict drug-related gene/protein targets, which could determine the specific target of BYHWD in the treatment of LDH. Construct the “Drugs-Compounds-Targets” network and search for the core targets. Use Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and molecular docking verification to explore the possible molecular mechanism. Eighty-two effective compounds and 666 targets of BYHWD, 187 targets for LDH treatment, and 20 core candidate targets were excavated. A total of 3414 entries were identified by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, 173 related signal pathways were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, and 5 core compounds were identified by molecular docking, which had a good affinity with core genes STAT3, JUN, AKT1, MAPK1, RELA, and PIK3CA. BYHWD may play the role of analgesic and improving function by synergistic anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds, regulating cell metabolic differentiation, regulating immunity, and anticoagulation. BYHWD in the treatment of LDH may play a role in analgesia and improve function through multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-17. The PI3K-Akt signaling may be one of the key mechanisms.     

建立中药材盲样检验机制 有效预防以权谋私

从建立管理制度、完善工作程序、编制作业文件、加强运行监督等方面介绍了药品检验机构新近运行的中药材盲样检验机制,详细介绍了中药材盲样检验工作流程,对中药材盲样检验机制在药品检验机构廉政建设中有效预防以权谋私的作用进行了简要论述。