The inhibition of H1N1 influenza induced apoptosis by sodium selenite through ROS-mediated signaling pathways

The high variability of influenza viruses has made it more difficult for people to cope with influenza. When antigen transformation occurs, even new influenza without preventive vaccines may be produced, which poses a great threat to human health. Selenium is an essential trace element in humans and mammals, and has many biological activities. It has attracted people''s research interest in recent years. In this study, MDCK cells were used as a model to observe the effect of sodium selenite on H1N1 influenza virus. Our research showed that sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) has an anti-influenza H1N1 virus effect, and the anti-viral effect of sodium selenite was further demonstrated by caspase-3, AKT, MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. The investigations of the mechanism revealed that the sodium selenite could block H1N1 influenza from infecting MDCK cells through inhibiting the production of ROS. The results demonstrate that selenium supplementation may provide a feasible approach to inhibit the infection of H1N1 influenza virus.

The high variability of influenza viruses has made it more difficult for people to cope with influenza.     

岳阳地区50岁以上人群25经维生素D水平及其与骨密度的关系

目的 通过测定269名岳阳地区50岁以上人群血清25经维生素D(25(OH)D)和骨密度(BMD)水平,分析岳阳地区50岁以上人群的维生素D ( VitD)状况,并探讨其与BMD的关系。方法 采集受试者的血清后,用电化学发光法测定血清25(OH)D水平,并同时应用双能X线吸收仪测定腰椎及髓部BMD。结果 所有受试者中,VitD严重缺乏者占24. 2 %,缺乏者占45. 0%,不足者占24. 5 %,充足者占6. 3。男、女性受试者的25(OH)D水平、腰椎及髓部的BMD间有统计学差异(P<0.001),男性高于女性。男性各年龄段间25(OH)D水平及各部位BMD无统计学差异(P=0. 101 ,P = 0. 261 ,0. 055 ,0. 170 ,0. 108 ,0. 051 ) ;女性各年龄段之间25(OH)D水平及腰椎BMD无统计学差异(P = 0. 364 , 0. 063 ) ;髓部BMD有统计学差异(P < 0. 001 ),随着年龄的增长而逐步减低。男性受试者中,不同25(OH)D水平组间股骨颈、转子间区及整髓BMD无统计学差异(P = 0. 076 , 0. 425 , 0. 122 );腰椎、大转子区BMD水平间有统计学差异(P=0. 027 , 0. 017 ) , VitD充足组腰椎BMD高于其他各组(P = 0. 005 , 0. 025 , 0. 009 );不足组、严重缺乏组大转子区BMD高于缺乏组(P = 0. 021, 0. 005 )。女性受试者中,不同25(OH)D水平组各部位BMD均无统计学差异(P = 0. 616 , 0. 739 , 0. 559 ; 0. 608 , 0. 641)。结论 在湖南岳阳地区50岁以上人群存在严重的维生素D缺乏及不足;对于维生素D状况与骨密度之间可能无直接关联,需加大样本量进一步观察。     

中西医结合治疗手外伤41例

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗手外伤的疗效。方法：对41例手外伤急性期未手术和手术后出现坏死、感染的患者采用祛腐散、生肌散、生肌膏结合抗生素、消肿及坏死骨咬除的方法治疗。结果：41例愈合时间9-68d,平均29d。结论：年龄、就诊时间、是否有骨外露以及是否行骨咬除对伤口愈合时间的影响有统计学意义,就诊时间与愈合时间成正相关。     

全肺切除术对非小细胞肺癌患者术后肺功能及生活质量影响的临床研究

目的研究非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者全肺切除术后的长期生活质量。方法采用生活质量测定量表核心量表(QLQ-C30)调查从2008年1月至2010年12月在我科治疗的60例全肺切除术后NSCLC患者,将其分为两组,A组:年龄<60岁的患者;B组:年龄≥60岁的患者。对其术前和术后3、6和12个月的QLQ-C30得分进行比较。结果术前、术后生活质量相比较:①功能方面:两组术后体力均显著下降,但两组间比较无统计学差异;②症状方面:两组术后第3、6个月疲乏、呼吸困难均加重,B组患者术后第12个月呼吸困难与术前比较仍有统计学差异(P<0.05);B组患者疼痛、呼吸困难症状,在术后3、6个月较A组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组患者疲乏症状,在术后3、6、12个月较A组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余症状指标评分均无统计学差异。结论年龄<60岁的NSCLC患者行全肺切除术后的生活质量优于年龄≥60岁的患者。     

Monosodium iodoacetate induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway involving ROS production and caspase activation in rat chondrocytes in vitro

Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) is an inhibitor of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and causes dose‐dependent cartilage degradation resembling the pathological changes of human osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, we assessed the apoptosis induced by MIA and clarified the underlying mechanisms using the primary rat chondrocytes. The apoptosis of primary rat chondrocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were evaluated using fluorescence spectrophotometer. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer. Apoptosis‐related protein cytochrome c and procaspase‐3 expressions were examined by Western blotting. We found that MIA treatment induces apoptosis in chondrocytes, as confirmed by increases in the percent of apoptotic cells, up‐regulation of cytochrome c and caspase‐3 protein levels. Treatment with MIA increases ROS production and decreases the levels of ΔΨm. The antioxidant, N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), significantly prevented the production of ROS, the reduction of ΔΨm, the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase‐3. Further, NAC completely protected the cells from MIA‐induced apoptosis. Together these observations suggest that the mechanisms of MIA‐induced apoptosis are primarily via ROS production and mitochondria‐mediated caspase‐3 activation in primary rat chondrocytes. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 364–369, 2013     

Axillary arteriovenous fistula after axillary plexus block

This report presents the case of a 51-year-old man who had an axillary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as a complication of an axillary plexus block that was performed for internal fixation for a right forefinger phalanx fracture 4 years previously. While performing the axillary plexus block, a 22-gauge needle was placed inside the axillary sheath by observing the pulsations of the axillary artery. A pulsatile mass was found in the right axilla 1 day after the block was performed. Apart from this soft mass, the patient had no symptoms of vascular nerve damage. As the mass gradually increased in size, it became painful. During the past 3 months, in particular, the patient experienced repeated attacks of intermittent sharp pain and requested surgery. Digital subtraction angiography, performed 4 years after the axillary block, showed a tumor-like dilation was developing in both the right axillary artery and vein, almost simultaneously. Thus, the diagnosis of AVF was confirmed. The false aneurysm sac was excised and lateral repair of the axillary artery and vein was carried out under general anesthesia. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. The possible occurrence of an AVF after axillary plexus block should be kept in mind, because early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid development of AVF and false aneurysm.     

The Clearance of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus is Sooner After Thin Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (t-LEEP)

Abstract

Purpose/aim of the study: To investigate high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection clearance following thin loop electrosurgical excision procedure (t-LEEP) among patients with cervical benign lesion. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed clinical data from patients with cervical benign lesion and HPV infection, who had undergone t-LEEP (T-Group), compared with patients with HPV infection undergone no treatment (NT-Group). Both groups attended regular follow-up between January 2008 and January 2012. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to compare the HPV clearance time. Results: The average clearance time was 7.7?months (M) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5–8.9 M) in T-Group, and 10.4?M (95%CI: 9.4–11.3 M) in NT-Group, with significant difference between groups (p?=?0.003). Among patients with low viral load, the HPV clearance times were 7.6?M (95%CI: 6.3–9.0 M) in T-Group and 9.7?M (95%CI: 8.6–10.8 M) in NT-Group (p?=?0.042). Among patients with high viral load, the HPV clearance times were 8.0?M (95%CI: 5.3–10.6 M) in T-Group and 11.4?M (95%CI: 9.7–13.1 M) in NT-Group (p?=?0.041). The average time of HPV clearance in T-Group was shorter than NT-Group in all age groups, with significant differences in ≤29Y-group (p?=?0.008) and 30–39Y-group (p?=?0.005). The accumulated clearance rate of HPV infection at sixth month and 12th month were 24.5% and 67.9% in T-Group, 7.8% and 43.1% in NT-Group, with significant differences (p?=?0.001 at 6th month, p?=?0.032 at 12th month). Conclusions: T-LEEP accelerates the clearance of high-risk HPV infection and make the HPV infection rates dropped rapidly in the first year.     

Age trends of bone mineral density and percentile curves in healthy Chinese children and adolescents

The clinical utility of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement requires appropriate normative values, designed to be diverse with respect to age, gender and ethnic background. The purpose of this study was to generate age-related trends for bone density in Chinese children and adolescents, and to establish a gender-specific reference database. A total of 1,541 Chinese children and adolescents aged from 5 to 19-years were recruited from southern China. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area (BA) were measured for the total body (TB) and total body less head (TBLH). The height-for-age, height-for-BA, and BMC-for-BA percentile curves were developed using the least mean square method. TB BMD and TBLH BMD were highly correlated. After 18 years, TB BMD was significantly higher in boys than girls. For TB BMC and TBLH BMC, gender differences were found in age groups 12 years and 16–19 years; however, the TBLH BMD was significantly different between genders >16 years. The head region accounted for 13–52 and 16–49 % of the TB BMC in boys and girls, respectively. Furthermore, the percentages were negatively correlated with age and height. This study describes a gender-specific reference database for Chinese children and adolescents aged 5–19 years. These normative values could be used for clinical assessment in this population.