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101.
纸本与数字的交互:手机阅读的最佳效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
顾璟 《南通大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008,24(6):137-140
随着全球3G商用的推进和拥有大容量存储能力的智能终端的日益普及,手机正逐步演变成为一个新型的数字阅读终端。利用手机进行电子阅读的全新模式,正以前所未有的普及速度冲击着人们的阅读习惯。而这趋势也逐渐为"阅读"进行重新的定义。对于每一个读者而言,在这样一个信息化的时代里,手机阅读和纸本阅读的交互使用、取长补短,才是获得最佳阅读效果的最有效方式。 相似文献
102.
目的探讨还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)在预防糖尿病大鼠勃起功能障碍中的作用。方法通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素65mg/kg建立糖尿病大鼠模型,然后随机分成DM组和DM+GSH组,DM+GSH组每天肌肉注射GSH200mg/kg。10周后观察大鼠勃起功能,并获取海绵体组织检测其谷胱甘肽、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)与丙二醛(MDA)水平,用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡。结果成功建立糖尿病大鼠模型。与未注射GSH的DM组相比,DM+GSH组和正常对照组(C组)勃起功能更好,勃起率分别是20%,62.5%和100%。GSH水平DM+GSH组和C组明显比DM组高,其3组含量每克蛋白分别是(75.83±15.62)、(61.47±8.65)和(35.03±12.29)mg(P<0.05);NOS水平在DM+GSH组每毫克蛋白为(133.9±31.9)U,与正常对照组每毫克蛋白为(142.2±31.2)U相当,但较DM组每毫克蛋白为(58.4±18.9)U高(P<0.05);MDA含量在DM组每毫克蛋白为(3.71±0.62)nmol,明显高于正常对照组和DM+GSH组(P<0.05),这两组每毫克蛋白为(2.08±0.34)nmol和(2.44±0.28)nmol;细胞凋亡率在DM组、DM+GSH组和C组的分别是(22.6±3.6)%、(10.8±1.7)%和(7.2±2.1)%(P<0.05)。结论还原型谷胱甘肽对糖尿病大鼠阴茎组织有较好的抗氧化作用,能减少细胞凋亡,对延缓糖尿病性ED的发生有一定的作用。 相似文献
103.
目的 研究腹腔内注射三氧化二砷(arsenic trioxide,As2O3)对小鼠CO2气腹下肝癌H22转移的影响. 方法 昆明鼠40只(清洁级),中腹部穿刺置入1 mm套管针,自套管针注入1×106肿瘤细胞后,建立CO2气腹,压力8 mm Hg,时间30 min.术后随机分4组,每组10只,分别腹腔内注入生理盐水,1 ml;As2O3(2 mg/kg),1 ml;As2O3(4 mg/kg),1 ml;As2O3(4mg/kg)+肝素(10 U/ml),共1 ml.气腹后第3、7天测量肿瘤黏附因子(CD44)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的变化;比较各组生存状态、腹围、体重变化及转移瘤直径.结果 气腹后第3、7天,与对照组相比,各As2O3组CD44、VEGF表达均明显降低(P<0.05).2个高剂量组的气腹后第3天VEGF、第7天CD44比低剂量组降低明显(P<0.05).4组戳口种植率分别为9/10、8/10、7/10、6/10,差异无显著性(x2=2.667,P=0.446). 结论 As2O3对CO2气腹腹腔镜肿瘤生长转移有抑制作用. 相似文献
104.
我科开展整体护理以来,将护理程序应用能力作为基础护理技能纳入临床护理教学计划中,提高了实习质量。现将具体做法介绍如下。 相似文献
105.
Christian J. Sauder Cheryl X. Zhang Malen A. Link W. Paul Duprex Kathryn M. Carbone Steven A. Rubin 《Vaccine》2009
The recent global resurgence of mumps has drawn attention to the continued need for robust mumps immunization programs. Unfortunately, some vaccines derived from inadequately attenuated vaccine strains of mumps virus have caused meningitis in vaccinees, leading to withdrawal of certain vaccine strains from the market, public resistance to vaccination, or in some cases, cessation of national mumps vaccination programs. The most widely implicated mumps vaccine in cases of postvaccination meningitis is derived from the Urabe AM9 strain, which remains in use in some countries. The Urabe AM9 vaccine virus has been shown to exhibit a considerable degree of nucleotide and amino acid heterogeneity. Some studies have specifically implicated variants containing a lysine residue at amino acid position 335 in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein with neurotoxicity, whereas a glutamic acid residue at this position was associated with attenuation. To test this hypothesis we generated two modified Urabe AM9 cDNA clones coding either for a lysine or a glutamic acid at position 335 in the HN gene. The two viruses were rescued by reverse genetics and characterized in vitro and in vivo. Both viruses exhibited similar growth kinetics in neuronal and non-neuronal cell lines and were of similar neurotoxicity when tested in rats, suggesting that amino acid 335 is not a crucial determinant of Urabe AM9 growth or neurovirulence. 相似文献
106.
支气管哮喘的特异性免疫治疗 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
李靖 《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2007,30(7):487-489
支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)的特异性免疫治疗已在世界卫生组织和世界变态反应学会出版的指导性文件中详细阐述。但从目前国内外的临床研究和应用的情况来看,特异性免疫治疗的作用机制尚不完全清楚,临床应用因受到安全性的限制而未能广泛普及,临床的实际操作流程尚待规范,所以如何能在最大程度上发挥特异性免疫治疗的作用,真正改变患者的过敏状态并保持长期疗效是关键问题。 相似文献
107.
Susan W. Volk VMD PhD ; Antoneta Radu BS ; Liping Zhang MS ; Kenneth W. Liechty MD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2007,15(5):736-747
Chronic wounds create a formidable clinical problem resulting in considerable morbidity and healthcare expenditure. The etiology for wound healing impairment appears to be multifactorial; however, ischemia is a common factor in most types of chronic wounds. Ideal therapy for such wounds would be to correct deficiencies in growth factors and matrix components and provide cellular precursors required for timely wound closure. We hypothesized that stromal progenitor cell (SPC) therapy could correct the ischemic wound-healing defect through both direct and indirect mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we used the ischemic rabbit ear model of chronic wound healing. We found that treatment of the wounds with SPCs was able to reverse the ischemic wound-healing impairment, with improved granulation tissue formation and reepithelialization compared with vehicle or bone marrow mononuclear cell controls. In vitro, SPCs were found to produce factors involved in angiogenesis and reepithelialization, and extracellular matrix components, providing evidence for both direct and indirect mechanisms for the observed correction of the healing impairment in these wounds. Treatment of ischemic wounds with SPCs can dramatically improve wound healing and provides a rationale for further studies focused on SPCs as a potential cellular therapy in impaired wound healing. 相似文献
108.
109.
A CT-free, intra-operative planning and navigation system for minimally invasive anterior spinal surgery - an accuracy study. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B Maier G Zheng C Ploss X Zhang K Welle L-P Nolte I Marzi 《Computer aided surgery》2007,12(4):233-241
OBJECTIVE: A comprehensive study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of a newly developed CT-free, intra-operative planning and navigation system for anterior spine surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Instruments and an image intensifier were tracked using the SurgiGATE navigation system. A laboratory study was performed on 27 plastic vertebrae. Fiducial markers were implanted in the vertebrae for accuracy evaluation purposes, and a dynamic reference base was placed on the vertebrae to establish a patient coordinate system (P-COS). Two fluoroscopic images were used for intra-operative planning. The graft bed plan was recorded in P-COS, followed by surgical formation of the graft bed, which was visualized. To evaluate the accuracy, the vertebrae were scanned with CT, and the markers were used to calculate an accurate paired-point registered transformation between the CT coordinate system and P-COS. RESULTS: Using the new SPO module, accurate planning and navigation of a resection of the vertebral body is possible using two fluoroscopic images. The overall mean error between the planned resection volume and the actual resection was 0.98 mm. In addition, the module can serve as an educational tool for training spine surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: The new fluoroscopy-based system can be used safely for accurate performance of anterior resection during spondylodesis. New methods for safe and accurate registration during anterior spine surgery need to be developed. 相似文献
110.
荧光示踪法研究逆行岛状皮瓣静脉回流 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨采用荧光示踪法研究逆行岛状皮瓣静脉回流的可行性,并初步观察静脉回流规律。方法20只新西兰大白兔,每只取耳静脉血0.ImL,分离RBC并用FITC标记。流式细胞仪检测已标记的RBC阳性率及荧光强度,倒置荧光显微镜观察其形态。取20只新西兰大白兔,在动物双侧后肢内侧分别建立4cm×3cm隐动、静脉逆行岛状皮瓣模型(n=10)和顺行岛状皮瓣模型(n=10),血管蒂长3cm。将一侧后肢随机设定为实验组,皮瓣制备后注射已标记的RBC悬液5pL;对侧为对照组,不注射示踪剂。实验组按顺行和逆行皮瓣分成两组,即顺行皮瓣组和逆行皮瓣组,每组10个;再根据注入示踪剂途径不同,分为动脉和静脉2个亚组,每亚组5个皮瓣。注射示踪剂5S后取下皮瓣立即冷冻,取连续的3张冰冻切片(5~7pm),其中2张行HE染色和GENMED染色,另]张不染色直接压片,荧光显微镜观察荧光分布。结果流式细胞仪分析FITC标记的RBC阳性率在99%以上,荧光强度均≥10。;倒置荧光显微镜下标记的RBC呈均匀分布的绿色荧光,荧光强度均匀、稳定。冰冻切片显示实验组皮瓣蒂部均出现荧光,对照组未见荧光。顺行岛状皮瓣组荧光主要分布在静脉腔、静脉壁、动脉内膜和外膜;逆行岛状皮瓣组荧光分布在动脉内膜、外膜和静脉壁。结论荧光示踪剂可用于静脉回流研究,顺行岛状皮瓣静脉主要通过静脉腔、静脉壁、动脉内膜和外膜回流;逆行岛状皮瓣静脉主要通过动脉内膜、外膜和静脉壁的“迷宫式途径”回流。 相似文献