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Issue addressed

Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) includes a range of life‐long impairments caused by alcohol exposure in utero. Health professionals are vital to preventing FASD but many are hesitant to discuss FASD with clients due to their need for additional resources to aid the conversation. This scan sought to identify the scope and gaps in publicly available FASD prevention and health promotion resources, and assess their cultural appropriateness for use among five key groups of Indigenous Australian people including: (i) pregnant women, (ii) women of childbearing age, (iii) grandmothers and aunties, (iv) men, and (v) health professionals.

Methods

Relevant resources published 1995‐2017 were identified through the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, FASD organisation websites, grey literature, Google searches, and field experts. Results were screened by inclusion and cultural appropriateness criteria developed and piloted by the research team, and further screened by health professionals attending FASD training workshops.

Results

115 of the 2146 identified resources were eligible. Relevant resources were found for all five key groups; however, no resources were specifically designed for men, grandmothers or aunties.

Conclusions

A range of high‐quality, culturally appropriate resources were identified, however, health professionals attending the training workshops were not aware of their availability. Further resource development is suggested for men, grandmothers and aunties.

So what?

Prioritisation of active dissemination and implementation strategies is suggested to increase awareness and use of future resource developments. The inclusion of a resource trial among health professionals is a recommended strategy to increase awareness and use of newly developed resources.
  相似文献   
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Background

Severity of workplace injury tends to increase with age. Whether older workers who experience a workplace injury or illness exit the labor force sooner than comparable peers is not established.

Methods

A case‐cohort study design and complementary log‐log model were used to identify factors associated with average time to early substantial labor force exit among workers’ compensation claimants 50‐64 years of age with permanent impairment from an occupational injury or illness. Analysis was based on Ontario's workers’ compensation claimant data from 1998 to 2006 linked with Canadian tax files.

Results

Workers with permanent impairment left the labor force earlier, on average, than peers without claims. Early retirement was associated with older age in the injury/illness year, greater impairment, lower pre‐claim income, physically demanding jobs, and soft‐tissue injuries.

Conclusions

Policies aiming to extend older adults’ working lives should account for the potentially disparate impacts on older workers of occupational injury and illness.
  相似文献   
997.

Background

Previous research identified an association between work‐family conflict and musculoskeletal pain. This study explores how the work‐life interface might affect pain experienced by residential aged care staff.

Methods

A cross‐sectional survey of 426 employees in residential aged care was analyzed to assess the impacts of workplace hazards, work‐family conflict, and work‐life balance on self‐reported musculoskeletal pain.

Results

Work‐family conflict acts as a mediator of the relationships between workplace hazards and the total number of body regions at which musculoskeletal pain was experienced. Work‐life balance only acts as a mediator for particular hazards and only if work‐family conflict is not taken into account.

Conclusions

Addressing work‐life interaction, and in particular work‐family conflict, warrants further investigation as a legitimate means through which musculoskeletal disorder risk can be reduced. Policies and practices to improve work‐life interaction and reduce work‐family conflict should be considered as integral components of musculoskeletal disorder risk management strategies.
  相似文献   
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Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hyperinsulinemia on myocardial and hepatic distribution and metabolism of 14(R,S)-[18F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid ([18F]FTHA).Procedures Mitochondrial retention and intracellular lipid incorporation of [18F]FTHA were compared to that of [14C]-2-bromopalmitate or [14C]palmitate during hyperinsulinemic clamp vs. saline infusion in male Wistar rats.Results Mitochondrial 18F activity was increased in the heart (1.7 ± 0.4 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1% ID/g, P < 0.05), whereas it was reduced in the liver (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 1.8 ± 0.4% ID/g, P < 0.05) during insulin vs. saline infusion, respectively. Mitochondrial [14C]-2-bromopalmitate activity was affected by insulin in a similar way in both tissues. The fractional esterification of [18F]FTHA into triglycerides was impaired compared to [14C]palmitate in both tissues, and [18F]FTHA was insensitive to the shift of esterification of fatty acids into complex lipids in response to insulin.Conclusions [18F]FTHA is sensitive to insulin-induced modifications of free fatty acid oxidative metabolism in rats but is insensitive to changes in nonoxidative fatty acid metabolism.  相似文献   
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