Additive effects of earthworm extract with HpD-laser on the enhancement of reactive oxygen production and the inhibition of[~3H]—thymidine.uptake in mouse ascitic tumor cells

The effects of combined use of earthworm extract(912)and HpD-laser on the produc-tion of reactive oxygen and the biosynthesis of DNA in S_(180) tumor cells were studied throughchemiluminescence measurement and[~3H]-TdR incorporation assay.The results showed that as com-pared with the control,the intensity of chemiluminescence emitted by tumor cells treatedsimultaneously with 912 and HpD-laser was enhanced more than ten-folds,while that treated with912 or HpD-laser alone was increased only 2～4 folds.The[~3H]-TdR incorporation into tumorcells of the former group was inhibited upto 74.1%,and that of the latter groups decreased onlyby 42.2% and 40.0%,respectively.In accordance with these biochemical changes,the ultrastructuraldamage of tumor cells of the former,combinedly treated group appeared to be the most serious.This suggests an additive effect of 912 with HpD-laser on tumor cells.In addition,if free radicalscavengers,such as catalase and superoxide dismutase,were added to the reaction systembefore chemiluminescence assay,the luminescent enhancement effect mentioned above was dramaticallyalleviated,implying the presence of O_2~ and H_2O_2 in the system.Therefore,as to the toxic effecton tumor cells,912 and HpD-laser are not only additive in efficiency,but also similar in theunderlying mechanism of action.     

261例恶性肿瘤患者血液流变学的检测结果

检测261例恶性肿瘤(肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、原发性肝癌、恶性淋巴瘤、食管癌及结直肠癌等)患者的血液流变学水平,并与健康人作了比较。检测结果表明,恶性肿瘤患者的血浆粘度,全血低切粘度及血沉均有明显升高(P<0.05和0.01);而血细胞压积(除乳腺癌外)均低于健康人(P<0.01)。纤维蛋白原水平除恶性淋巴瘤及肠癌外均有明显增高(P<0.05和0.01)。肿瘤复发转移患者仅血浆粘度高于无复发转移者(P<0.01)。作者还对原发性肝癌和肝硬化病人、胃癌和慢性胃炎病人的血液流变学各项指标做了比较分析,结果发现某些指标有明显差异,以血浆粘度变化尤为明显。因此认为血浆粘度对良、恶性的肝、胃疾患可能有一定的鉴别诊断意义。     

Airway challenge test with propranolol

We investigated airway response to propranolol in 48 asthmatics, 17 subjects with chronic bronchitis and 19 normal subjects. The positive rate for propranolol challenge was 93.8% in asthma group, 5.9% in chronic bronchitis group while none in normal group had positive response. The challenge was highly reproducible, and it had few side-effects. This indicated that the challenge was specific and sensitive in diagnosis of asthma, it was a safe, reliable method of measuring non-specific airway responsiveness. Furthermore we also demonstrated that PC20 for propranolol did not relate to PC20 for methacholine, and that the calibre of airway did not significantly influence the airway response to propranolol.     

Randomized placebo-controlled trial comparing montelukast and cetirizine for treating perennial allergic rhinitis in children aged 2–6 yr

Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) were recently added to the method of treating allergic rhinitis (AR). However, in children under 6 yr old, there has been no study about its efficacy in treating AR. We aim to compare the clinical efficacy of montelukast, cetirizine and placebo in the treatment of children from 2 to 6 yr old with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), to see if there are any significant differences. Sixty children were selected and treated with montelukast, or cetirizine, or placebo once daily. The efficacy of the three agents was compared with the Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ) and Total Symptom Score (TSS) by diary. In addition, we also examined serum IgE, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), blood eosinophil counts, nasal airway resistance (NAR) and eosinophil percentage in nasal smears. The results revealed that both montelukast and cetirizine were significantly efficacious compared with placebo in NAR, eosinophil percentage in nasal smears, PRQLQ, TSS and all symptom items except nasal itching, throat itching and tearing. For nasal itching, only cetirizine was significantly efficacious. On the other hand, for night sleep quality, montelukast was significantly superior to cetirizine.     

Differential analgesic effect of tenoxicam on post-cesarean uterine cramping pain between primiparous and multiparous women.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Uterine cramping pain is related to prostaglandins, which are mediated by cyclooxygenase. However, it is unknown whether the analgesic effects of the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor tenoxicam are different between primiparous and multiparous women. This placebo-controlled, double-blind study compared the analgesic effect of tenoxicam on post-cesarean uterine cramping pain in primiparous and multiparous women. METHODS: Forty primiparous women and 40 multiparous women who were scheduled for elective cesarean delivery were allocated into the following 4 groups: saline-primipara (SP) group, tenoxicam-primipara (TP) group, saline-multipara (SM) group, and tenoxicam-multipara (TM) group. Saline or 20 mg tenoxicam was intravenously injected immediately after clamping of the umbilical cord. All patients received patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain control. Resting wound pain, uterine cramping pain, morphine consumption, and morphine-related side effects were evaluated at 4 and 24 hours after surgery. RESULTS: At 24 hours after surgery, tenoxicam-related relief of uterine cramping pain was 2.1 in primiparous women (visual analog scale: SP 5.6 (4.4-6.8) minus TP 3.5 (2.2-4.9); p < 0.01). The tenoxicam-related morphine-sparing effect was 14 mg (45%) in primiparous women (SP 31.4 mg (23.9-38.8) minus TP 17.4 mg (11.6-23.2); p < 0.01). The tenoxicam-related relief of uterine cramping pain and tenoxicam-related morphine-sparing effect were not significant in multiparous women. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the analgesic effect of tenoxicam on post-cesarean uterine cramping pain is greater in primiparous women than in multiparous women. Further studies are required to determine whether a higher dosage of tenoxicam is beneficial to reduce uterine cramping pain in multiparous women.     

健康保险的特征

由于健康保险所承保的内容与一般人寿保险不同，故而其保单形式也存在很多不同之处，在保单条款中也有某些特殊的规定。     

药品不良反应网络报告系统使用中遇到的问题及解决办法

随着北京市药品不良反应监测工作逐步走上规范化和法制化,报表数量逐年增加,自全面推行网络在线上报工作后,陆续发现了利用《全国药品不良反应监测网络》系统上报报表过程中的一些问题,本文将其问题汇总整理,以供报告单位参考,方便使用此系统.