Practice Patterns of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy: A Survey of Members of the American Society of Breast Surgeons

Annals of Surgical Oncology - Surgical site infections after breast surgery range from 1 to 16%. Both the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) and the American Association of Plastic...     

Complications of pelvic and acetabular fractures in 1331 morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥ 40): a retrospective observational study from the National Trauma Data Bank

Background

There have been no large-scale epidemiological studies of outcomes and perioperative complications in morbidly obese trauma patients who have sustained closed pelvic ring or acetabular fractures. We examined this population and compared their rate of inpatient complications with that of control patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients treated for closed pelvic ring or acetabular fracture, aged 16–85 years, with Injury Severity Scores ≤15 from the National Trauma Data Bank Research Dataset for the years 2007 through 2010. The primary outcome of interest was rate of in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay and discharge disposition. Unadjusted differences in complication rates were evaluated using Student t tests and Chi-squared analyses. Multiple logistic and Poisson regression were used to analyze binary outcomes and length of hospital stay, respectively, adjusting for several variables. Statistical significance was defined as p?<?0.05.

Results

We included 46,450 patients in our study. Of these patients, 1331 (3%) were morbidly obese (body mass index ≥40) and 45,119 (97%) were used as controls. Morbidly obese patients had significantly higher odds of complication and longer hospital stay in all groups considered except those with pelvic fractures that were treated operatively. In all groups, morbidly obese patients were more likely to be discharged to a skilled nursing/rehabilitation facility compared with control patients.

Conclusions

Morbidly obese patients had higher rates of complications and longer hospital stays and were more likely to be discharged to rehabilitation facilities compared with control patients after pelvic ring or acetabular fracture.

     

先天性上睑缺损患者21例手术结果分析

目的:评估先天性上睑缺损患者手术修补的结果。方法:术前对所有患者进行完整的眼科及全身检查,麻醉下进行检查评估眼睑缺损的位置及大小,结膜受累情况。同时检查角膜状况,被动牵引实验检查眼球运动情况,根据缺损大小制定手术方案。结果:21例先天性上睑缺损患者中,18例为独立发病的上睑中部缺损,13例双眼发病而5例为单眼。其余患者并发Goldenhar综合征及CHARGE综合征,患双眼上睑中部缺损。除了1例患者手术时为25岁,余所有患者进行手术矫正的年龄在2.5 ～4.0之间。1例患者已经存在角膜混浊,其他患者美容手术的效果满意。结论:本报道中,除了1例就诊晚而存在角膜缺陷外,所有手术效果满意。     

Quantitative fluorescence imaging analysis for cancer biomarker discovery: application to beta-catenin in archived prostate specimens.

The surprising disparity between the number of protein-encoding genes ( approximately 30,000) in the human genome and the number of proteins ( approximately 300,000) in the human proteome has inspired the development of translational proteomics aimed at protein expression profiling of disease states. Translational proteomics, which offers the promise of early disease detection and individualized therapy, requires new methods for the analysis of clinical specimens. We have developed quantitative fluorescence imaging analysis (QFIA) for accurate, reproducible quantification of proteins in slide-mounted tissues. The method has been validated for the analysis of beta-catenin in archived prostate specimens fixed in formalin. QFIA takes advantage of the linearity of fluorescence antibody signaling for tissue epitope content, a feature validated for beta-catenin in methacarn-fixed prostate specimens analyzed by reverse-phase protein array analysis and QFIA (r = 0.97). QFIA of beta-catenin in formaldehyde-fixed tissues correlated directly with beta-catenin content (r = 0.86). Application of QFIA in a cross-sectional study of biopsies from 42 prostate cancer (PC) cases and 42 matched controls identified beta-catenin as a potential field marker for PC. Receiver operating characteristic plots revealed that beta-catenin expression in the normal-appearing acini of cancerous glands identified 42% (95% confidence intervals, 26-57%) of cancer cases, with 88% (95% confidence intervals, 80-96%) specificity. The marker may contribute to a PC biomarker panel. In conclusion, we report the development and validation of a new method for fluorescence quantification of proteins in archived tissues and its application to archived specimens for an evaluation of beta-catenin expression as a biomarker for PC.