内蒙古某市日托幼儿园儿童膳食及营养状况调查

目的了解开展计划膳食后的幼儿园膳食质量及儿童营养与健康状况。方法采用整群抽样方法,对两年计划膳食的日托幼儿园进行调查,同时进行体格检查和血红蛋白的测定。结果热能、铁、硫胺素、尼克酸、抗坏血酸等都达到中国居民膳食推荐摄入量的标准,蛋白质、钙、核黄素摄入不足,午点热能摄入不足。结论应进一步加强对幼儿园膳食营养的指导监督。     

上海部分地铁站空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况调查

[目的 ]了解上海部分地铁站军团菌污染状况。 [方法 ]应用优化检验技术对 2 0 0 1年 3～ 11月上海部分地铁站的 10 2件空调冷却塔水样进行军团菌的分离培养与鉴定。 [结果 ] 10 2件样品中分离出 46株军团菌 ,污染率为45 10 %。 [结论 ]上海部分地铁站军团菌污染情况较为严重 ,需引起重视以防止军团菌的爆发流行     

131I治疗Graves病患者医院感染相关因素分析及对策

目的探讨~(131)Ⅰ治疗Graves病医院感染相关因素及对策。方法对2006年1月-2009年12月收治的922例接受~(131)Ⅰ治疗的Graves病患者进行回顾性调查分析。结果 922例中77例发生医院感染,总感染率8.35%;男性感染率为6.00%,女性感染率为9.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);育龄期妇女感染率10.04%,绝经后期(50~60岁)女性感染率5.19%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);感染与甲状腺激素水平无关,差异无统计学意义;4年中总感染率呈逐年下降趋势,感染部位以上呼吸道为主,占85.71%。结论应采取更积极的防治措施以降低~(131)Ⅰ治疗Graves病医院感染率,建议育龄期妇女行131I治疗时应避开月经期。     

临床拟诊机化性肺炎31例诊疗的回顾性分析

目的 探讨临床拟诊机化性肺炎的诊断与治疗.方法 回顾性分析31例临床拟诊为机化性肺炎患者的临床资料、影像资料和治疗方法.结果 31例经抗生素治疗无效的患者,通过支气管镜肺活检病理或经皮肺穿刺病理除外结核、真菌、化脓性炎、肺癌而拟诊机化性肺炎24例,无病理检查结果而经激素治疗有效拟诊7例.21例患者具有典型机化性肺炎CT表现,所有病例均经短期（6～14d）激素治疗后影像学结果明显改善.随访6～25个月,复发6例,均发生在激素减量过快或停药患者中.结论 临床上经抗生素治疗无效、结合临床影像学特点、病理检查除外其他疾病是拟诊机化性肺炎的重要指标;对于无病理检查患者短期激素治疗有效有助于诊断.过早激素减量容易导致复发.     

耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌的耐药机制研究

目的探讨新疆地区临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌产金属β-内酰胺酶、外排泵Mex AB-oprM和外膜蛋白OprD2表达水平及其与碳青霉烯类抗菌药物耐药性之间的关系。方法聚合酶链反应(PCR)和测序法分别检测1~4组铜绿假单胞菌的金属β-内酰胺酶;RT-PCR检测1、2、4组铜绿假单胞菌外排泵Mex AB-oprM和孔蛋白OprD2的表达水平。结果含亚胺培南耐药和美罗培南耐药组均有≥42.9%检出亚胺培南(IMP)、VIM金属酶基因型;OprD2显著低于表达在亚胺培南与美罗培南同时耐药组(87.5%),高于亚胺培南与美罗培南同时敏感组(20.0%),差异有统计学意义;Mex AB-oprM在各组中分别有60.0%、57.1%、37.5%的高表达,差异无统计学意义。结论外膜的低通透性、金属β-内酰胺酶的水解和主动外排泵过度表达,三者相互协同作用是该地区耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌的主要机制。     

丹参注射液与异甘草酸镁抗肝纤维化的临床对比研究

目的 观察慢性乙型肝炎患者应用丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁治疗后肝功能和肝纤维化指标的改善情况.方法 将80例慢性乙型肝炎患者,随机分为丹参组40例,异甘草酸镁组40例,在常规保肝治疗基础上,两组分别加用丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁注射液治疗,疗程均为30 d.观察两组患者治疗前、后的肝功能和肝纤维化指标[血清透明质酸酶(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)]的变化.结果 治疗后丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁均可明显改善慢性乙型肝炎患者的肝功能,异甘草酸镁组较丹参组为优(P<0.05).丹参组肝纤维化指标较治疗前有下降(P<0.05);异甘草酸镁组肝纤维化指标与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后的肝纤维化指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 丹参注射液改善肝纤维化的疗效优于异甘草酸镁,而异甘草酸镁改善肝功能的疗效优于丹参注射液.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on the Interactions of Mixed Cationic/Anionic Collectors on Muscovite (001) Surface in Aqueous Solution

In this study, the adsorption mechanisms of dodecylamine hydrochloride(DDAHC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS), and their mixed anionic/cationic collectors at ten different molar ratios on a muscovite (Mcv) surface in neutral aqueous solution were assessed by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). According to the snapshot, interaction energy, radial distribution function (RDF), and density profile between the Mcv surface and collector molecules, the individual DDAHC collector was an effective collector for the flotation of Mcv. The molar ratio of anionic/cationic collectors was determined to be an essential factor in the flotation recovery of Mcv. The DDAHC collector was involved in the adsorption of the mixed anionic/cationic collectors on the Mcv (001) surface, whereas SDS and SDBS collectors were co-adsorbed with DDAHC. The mixed cationic/anionic collector showed the best adsorption on the Mcv surface in a molar ratio of 2. Additionally, SDBS, which has one more benzene ring than SDS, was more likely to form spherical micelles with DDAHC, thus resulting in better adsorption on the Mcv surface. The results of micro-flotation experiments indicated that the DDAHC collector could improve the flotation recovery of Mcv in neutral aqueous solution, which was in agreement with MDS-derived findings. In conclusion, DDAHC alone is the optimum collector for Mcv flotation under the neutral aqueous conditions, while the mixture of DDAHC and SDBS collectors (molar ratio = 2:1) exhibits the similar flotation performance.     

Nanomaterials for Inner Ear Diseases: Challenges,Limitations and Opportunities

The inner ear is located deep in the temporal bone and has a complex anatomy. It is difficult to observe and obtain pathological tissues directly. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of inner ear diseases have always been a major clinical problem. The onset of inner ear disease can be accompanied by symptoms such as hearing loss, dizziness and tinnitus, which seriously affect people’s lives. Nanoparticles have the characteristics of small size, high bioavailability and strong plasticity. With the development of related research on nanoparticles in inner ear diseases, nanoparticles have gradually become a research hotspot in inner ear diseases. This review briefly summarizes the research progress, opportunities and challenges of the application of nanoparticles in inner ear diseases.     

双源64层CT的工作原理及其临床应用

本文对双源64层CT的基本结构、工作原理及其临床应用做了介绍。     

呼吸科常见疾病肠内营养的选择

目的:探讨呼吸科常见疾病肠内营养(EN)支持治疗的合理选择方案. 方法:临床药师对我院呼吸科住院病人进行营养状况筛查,分析其EN的使用情况,并对目前几种常用EN制剂的特点进行分析. 结果:呼吸科EN使用率较低,建议不同呼吸科疾病应分别选择EN制剂. 结论:EN支持治疗是呼吸科病人治疗方案中的重要组成部分.