原发性骨质疏松骨折治疗探讨

目的　探讨原发性骨质疏松骨折的治疗方法。方法　对 138例原发性骨质疏松骨折 ,在治疗骨折的同时采用联合用药 ,中西医结合用药及脉冲电磁场进行病因学治疗。结果　 138例中 134例获得 8～ 36个月 ,平均 13.5个月的随访 ,按优、良、可、差疗效评定标准 ,优 4 8例 ,良 6 2例 ,可 14例 ,差 6例 ,优良率 85.1% ,另 4例半年后死于其它疾病。结论　原性骨质疏松性骨折必须在进行骨折治疗的同时 ,进行骨质疏松病因学的治疗 ,二者结合才能收到较好的疗效     

肛门直肠重建的解剖学基础

低位直肠癌的传统术式是Mile手术，因术后必须做腹壁人工肛门，常使患者难以接受，甚至延误或拒绝治疗。因此，在根治癌肿的基础上，肛门直肠重建术日益引起人们的兴趣。本文就若干重建术与解剖学的关系讨论如下。     

BIOEQUIVALENCE BETWEEN rhGH FOR RECONSTITUTION AND READY-TO-USE rhGH IN TWO LIQUID FORMULATIONS

Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence between recombinant human growth hormone （rhGH） for reconstitution, and two dosages of liquid formulation of rhGH [ （151U） 5mg or （301U） lOmg per 3ml ]. Methods The study drugs were tested in a randomized, single-blind and three-period crossover studies in 24 healthy male subjects. The three drugs were administered by subcutaneous injection at a dose of O. 21U/kg body weight. A continuous somatostatin infusion was given in order to suppress the secretion of endogenous GH. The ve- nous blood samples were drawn at different time points to test the serum concentration of GH. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by statistical methods. Results 90% confidence intervals （CI） of AUC0-24h among three products were all within 80% - 125% interval （ 103. 4% - 116. 5%, 105. 7% - 119. 6% and 91.9% - 103. 7%, respectively）, and the Cls of C,~ among three products were all within 70% - 143% interval （91.9% - 114. 0%, 103. 7% -127. 2% and 81.6% -97. 4%, respectively）. There was no statisitical difference of tmax among all the three products. Conclusion These data demonstrate that there is bioequivalence between rhGH for reconstitution and two liquid formulations of rhGH.     

常温与低温体外循环心脏直视手术对细胞因子及补体的影响

目的探讨常温及低温体外循环心脏直视手术对细胞因子及补体的影响。方法选择先天性和风湿性心脏病患者40例,随机分为常温组及低温组各20例,分别于术晨、体外循环结束时及术后1、4、7、14 d抽取患者静脉血标本,测定血浆TNF、IL-2、C3、C4值。结果两组术前各项检查指标无显著差异。(1)两组术后1~4 d的IL-2水平较术前显著下降,至术后7 d恢复正常。体外循环结束至术后4 d,低温组IL-2显著低于常温组。(2)体外循环结束时以及术后1、4、7 d,常温组TNF水平显著低于低温组。两组体外循环结束时及术后1、4 d均高于术前,常温组至术后7 d、低温组术后14 d恢复正常。(3)体外循环结束时及术后1、7 d,常温组C3水平高于低温组,术后4 d两组无差别;常温组及低温组于体外循环结束时、术后1、4 d均低于术前,至术后7 d常温组恢复正常,低温组至术后14 d恢复至术前水平。(4)两组体外循环结束时及术后1、4 d C4水平均低于术前。体外循环结束时、术后1 d,常温组C4水平高于低温组。结论常温体外循环心脏直视手术对细胞因子及补体的影响显著轻于低温组,因而对术后机体的恢复优于低温方法。     

环氧合酶-2和血管内皮生长因子共表达与肝细胞癌血管形成的关系

目的　探讨环氧合酶 (COX) 2与肝细胞癌血管形成的关系。方法　利用免疫组织化学、Westernblot方法检测 48例肝癌组织中COX 2和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)蛋白及逆转录 聚合酶链反应法 (RT PCR)检测COX 2和VEGFmRNA的共表达 ,对共表达COX 2和VEGF蛋白和mRNA的肝癌组织进行微血管记数。结果　免疫组织化学检测中 ,48例肝癌组织 3 6例共表达COX 2和VEGF蛋白。类似结果见于蛋白电泳分析。RT PCR显示 ,48例肝癌组织 3 6例共表达COX 2mRNA和VEGFmRNA。两者之间的表达明显相关 (γ =0 .845 )。共表达COX 2和VEGF蛋白和mRNA的肝癌组织中 ,平均微血管数 (5 6.8± 17.5 )个 ,明显高于阴性表达组。结论　COX 2可能与肝细胞癌的血管形成有关 ,且其作用之一可能是通过上调VEGF通道来发挥的     

新生儿医院感染情况分析及对策

新生儿由于其特殊的易感因素,医院感染发生率较高,有的甚至造成暴发流行。为了探讨其医院感染的相关因素及预防措施,我们回顾性分析了245例新生儿病历,其中发生医院感染38例,现报道如下。资料与方法1.一般资料。为我院2004年1-12月住院新生儿共245例,其中男156例,女89例;年龄15     

兔动静脉短路环法诱导组织工程骨支架材料血管生成的初步研究

Objective To compare the effects of 2 vascular carriers, arteriovenous loop and arteri-ovenous bundle, on inducing angiogenesis in coral scaffold of vascularized tissue-engineered bone in animal models.Methods Thirty-six adult male New Zealand rabbits were randomized into 2 even groups.In group A, an arteriovenous loop (AVL) was formed by microsurgical anastomosis at the proximal ends between the femoral poptiteal artery and vein, and placed in the circular side groove of the coral block (6 mm × 8 mm × 10 mm) .In group B, flow-through vessels bundles of both femoral artery and vein were placed in the side grooves of the coral block.All the implants in 2 groups were wrapped by a micro-porous expand-ed-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane, and fixed subcutaneously by suturing.Evaluation methods included gross morphological observations, histological examinations, India ink perfusion and vascular casting after 2, 4, 6 weeks.The density of blood vessels was analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 10.0.Results All the corals were encased by newly formed fibrovascular tissues in 2 groups.Ink-stained vessels distributed the surfaces and side grooves, and invaded the interspaces of corals.The degree of vascularization increased over the course of experiment.Blood vessel density demonstrated a significant continuous increase between 2 and 6 weeks after implantation in group A.The mean value of blood vessel density in group A (2 weeks 276.60±4.67, 4 weeks 517.20±10.66, 6 weeks 707.00 ±11.87) was significantly higher than in group B (2 weeks 153.60 ±7.16, 4 weeks 269.40±6.80, 6 weeks 279.20±6.53) (P <0.01).Vascular casting showed that in group A, significant blood vessels sprouted from all areas of the loop, espe-cially at the entrance of the arteriovenous pediele where the small tubes were densely interconnected.In group B, however, no blood vessels sprouted from the arteriovenous bundles and only some small vessels grew from the entrance and exit.Conclusions A vascularized coral model can be constructed by inserting an ar-teriovenous loop or an arteriovenous bundle, useful in vascular bone tissue engineering.The former, however, have stronger abilities to induce angiogenesis than the latter.     

三种头孢菌素类药物治疗社区获得性肺炎的药物经济学分析

头孢菌素抗菌谱广，抗菌作用强，组织分布广，能迅速进入血液，获得较高血药浓度，较快发挥药效，是治疗社区获得性肺炎较为常用的抗感染药物。在保障临床疗效的前提下，降低医疗成本，寻找具有最优成本一效果比的治疗方案是当前临床上需要解决的问题。作者对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、头孢地嗪和头孢呋辛钠治疗社区获得性肺炎进行回顾性药物经济学分析，旨在为临床选择安全、有效、经济的治疗方案提供依据。     

支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌

目的　研究支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)的可行性及临床价值。方法　 76例NSCLC患者随机分成A、B 2组 ,A组先行 2次支气管动脉灌注化疗 (BAI) ,第 2次BAI 1～ 2周后再行直线加速器放射治疗 (RT) ;B组单纯行 2次BAI (对照组 )。结果　临床疗效 ,A组 (BAI RT)和B组 (BAI)分别为 89.47%和 60 .5 3% (Ρ <0 .0 1) ;1、3年生存率 ,A、B组分别为 81.5 8%、5 0 .0 0 %和 60 .5 3%、2 1.0 5 % ( 0 .0 1<Ρ <0 .0 5 )。结论　支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效和患者 1、3年生存率均显著提高     

肩肱皮瓣修复颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形疗效分析

目的:探讨颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的有效外科治疗手段。方法:采用瘢痕广泛松解、双侧或单侧肩肱皮瓣转移,同时用全厚皮片移植修复供瓣区创面。结果:本组21例中,17例手术一次性完成,4例分两次完成。不但改善了患者的上肢功能,还可进一步改善患者颈部的活动度。结论:瘢痕广泛松解、双侧或单侧肩肱皮瓣转移,同时用全厚皮片移植修复供瓣区创面是颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的有效外科治疗手段。