不同年龄组青光眼手术应用丝裂霉素的临床研究

目的：探讨不同年龄组青光眼手术中应用丝裂霉素的疗效。方法：将患者按年龄分A、B两组,各组分对照组：应用可调节缝线小梁切除术,治疗组：在上述方法上加用丝裂霉素。观察对照组、治疗组术后滤过泡及眼压水平。结果：术后眼压水平、形成功能性滤过泡,A组两组对比差异有统计学意义,B组两组对比差异无统计学意义。结论：在青中年青光眼患者术中应用丝裂霉素,可提高手术成功率。     

脑梗死患者医院感染危险因素分析

目的:探讨脑梗死患者发生医院感染的危险因素,为预防医院感染提供依据。方法:328例脑梗死患按有无医院感染分为2组,比较意识障碍、机械通气、侵入性操作、年龄、预防应用抗生素等因素对医院感染的影响。结果:合并意识障碍、机械通气、侵入性操作、预防应用抗生素等因素发生医院感染的机会大于非合并以上因素患者(P0.05)。结论:脑梗死患者发生医院感染的是多种因素作用的结果,要采用多种措施预防医院感染。     

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??OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of different interventions on chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in solid tumors. METHODS Patients, registered at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, who developed CIT (defined as platelet count < 100??10⁹??L^-1) during May 2014 and April 2015 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were divided into recombinant human interleukin 11 (rhIL-11) group, recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) group, combination group and non-treatment group. Complete remission rate (CR), recovery time and recurrence rate were calculated to compare the efficacy of interventions. P<0.05 was considered as statistical significant. RESULTS A total of 281 eligible patients were enrolled. No significant difference were found on recovery rate of different interventions in each grade of CIT (P>0.05). Recovery time were similar between interventions, most group had a median recovery time of 6 or 7 d. In grade ?? CIT, the recovery time of combination group is shorter than the other intervention groups (5.5 d in combination group vs 7 d in rhTPO group and rhIL-11 group), but there was no significant difference (P=0.609, 0.605). In grade ?? CIT, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in rhTPO group and rhIL-11 group than untreated group (35%, 38% vs 0%, P=0.008, P=0.006). In grade ?? CIT, the recurrence rate of rhTPO group was significantly higher than that of rhIL-11 group (55% vs 21%, P=0.017). CONCLUSION The result of the current study suggests that thrombopoietic agents are not recommended for patients with ??-?? CIT. For ??-?? CIT, no significant differences are found in the efficacy between different interventions, thus rhIL-11 is recommended in consideration of cost.     

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??OBJECTIVE To develop a highly sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method to explore the pharmacokinetic properties of araloside A. METHODS Araloside A was administered in a dose of 50 mg??kg^-1 via gastric in fusion and 5 mg??kg^-1 by intravenous injection in rats.Araloside A was analyzed by a validated LC-MS/MS method in plasma after intravenous and intragastric administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated by software DAS 3.0. RESULTS The RESULTS of pharmacokinetic study showed that the linear range of araloside A was good in 1.0-10 000.0 ??g??L^-1(r>0.994 8). The specificity, precision and accuracy, matrix effect and extraction recovery rate and stability all meet the requirements. The main pharmacokinetic parameters for intragastric administration with araloside A 50 mg??kg^-1 and intravenous injection of araloside A 5 mg??kg^-1 were as follows:t_1/2 was(8.65??3.22) and(2.00??0.21)h, AUC_0-t was(277.14??101.00) and (21 194.59??4 385.13)ng??h??L^-1, MRT_0-t was (7.88??0.64) and (1.21??0.11)h, Vd/F was (2 229.99??1 013.97) and (0.71??0.20)L??kg^-1, CL/F was(149.11??62.28) and (0.24??0.05) L??h^-1??kg^-1, respectively; ??_max was (32.68??10.74) ??g??L^-1 for intragastric administration and t_max reached(1.21??0.70) h, oral bioavailability of araloside A was about 0.14%. CONCLUSION The LC-MS/MS method established is specific and sensitive, and can be successfully applied in basic pharmacokinetic study of araloside A in rat plasma.     

MRI-三维重建动态测量颅脑创伤模型大鼠的空腔变化

BACKGROUND: Currently, morphological observations of brain cavity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) via cadavers or animal specimen are difficult to obtain dynamic changes.     

慢性失眠症的团体认知行为疗法

慢性失眠症主要治疗手段包括药物治疗与认知行为治疗。传统的失眠症个体认知行为治疗需要连续4~8周的会谈,疗程长,花费高,专业治疗师数量少,难以有效、完整地实施。失眠的团体认知行为治疗由临床医生、心理治疗师等带领,采取治疗小组或大型工作坊形式进行集中的团体治疗,提供了一种成本-效益更高的选择。文中就团体认知行为治疗的机制与技术、疗效对比、优缺点、改良方案与发展趋势进行综述。     

拔除病变第一磨牙矫治成人双颌前突的临床评价

目的评价成人双颌前突错骀拔除病变第一磨牙正畸治疗的临床疗效,探讨拔除第一磨牙进行正畸治疗的可行性。方法通过回顾性研究,对临床已完成的10例由于病变需要拔除第一磨牙的成人双颌前突患者做矫治结果的临床分析。患者平均年龄25．5岁,均存在一颗或多颗第一磨牙严重病损或者早失。矫治设计拔除病损侧的第一磨牙而保留健康的双尖牙,已早失磨牙一侧不再减数,健康侧常规拔除第一前磨牙。所有病例均使用直丝弓矫治器,采用传统支抗技术。通过对10例患者的正畸治疗,总结该类患者的矫治要点并评价其疗效。结果10例患者平均疗程34．5±4．5月,磨牙拔牙间隙完全关闭。治疗后第三磨牙与对骀的第二或第三磨牙均建立良好的咬合关系,且第二磨牙与第三磨牙牙根平行状况良好。测量显示面凸角减小,上下唇角增加,反映出侧貌突度的减小。矫治后的硬组织改变主要为上下前牙的内收。结论：对于第一恒磨牙存在严重龋坏或过早缺失的成人双颌前突患者,非常规拔除第一磨牙,经过仔细的支抗设计和精心的临床操作,可以获得较满意的临床治疗效果。     

Nd：YAG激光去除陶瓷托槽对兔牙髓组织的影响

目的应用Nd：YAG激光,观察在不同功率、时间等参数下,激光照射辅助去除陶瓷托槽后兔牙髓的组织学变化。方法选择新西兰长耳白兔20只,将其4颗前牙作为实验用牙齿,常规黏结陶瓷托槽。左上前牙机械去黏结,作为对照组;其余3颗牙齿采用激光去黏结,右上前牙激光能量为3 W、3 s（A组）,左下前牙能量为2 W、5 s（B组）,右下前牙能量为5 W、2 s（C组）。去黏结后5 min、1 d、3 d、1周和1月后处死动物,每次处死4只,拔除前牙,制作兔牙髓组织切片。结果与对照组相比,经不同能量激光照射后5 min,兔牙髓组织均出现轻度毛细血管扩张。1 d后,A、B组出现中度毛细血管扩张;C组除有中度毛细血管扩张外,还伴有少量炎细胞浸润。3 d后,B组牙髓症状消失;A组牙髓症状减轻,仍有轻度毛细血管扩张;C组有毛细血管扩张、出血,并伴有炎细胞浸润。1周后,A组毛细血管扩张减轻,基本恢复正常;C组症状仍很明显。1月后,A组牙髓症状消失,C组仍有轻度毛细血管扩张。结论采用能量为3 W、3 s的Nd：YAG激光去除陶瓷托槽,兔牙髓组织不会出现不可逆的组织学变化。     

人脐带间充质干细胞治疗急性移植物抗宿主病的疗效观察

No abstract available     

口腔急诊患者全身健康状况的临床分析

目的：分析口腔急诊患者全身健康状况的特点,以指导口腔急诊患者应急处理和治疗,预防突发事件发生。方法：对2013年2月至 11月间就诊于北京大学口腔医学院急诊科初诊成年患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,分析总结患者的基本信息、全身健康状况、美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists, ASA)分级以及口腔诊疗信息。结果：心脑血管疾病（6.4%）、高血压（13.4%）、内分泌系统疾病（4.2%）是口腔急诊成人患者最常见的全身系统疾病。随着年龄增长,合并全身系统疾病数目以及ASA分级都在增加。根尖周疾病（24.6%）、牙髓疾病（24.4%）、牙周疾病（18.0%）约占口腔急诊病例的2/3。结论：口腔急诊患者的全身健康状况随着年龄的增加而恶化,口腔医师应该在治疗前进行风险评估。ASA分级系统可帮助医师预测患者的治疗风险,提前采取防治措施有助于减少突发事件的发生。