卵巢无性细胞瘤PLAP、NSE和WT1检测的临床病理意义

目的 :评价胎盘碱性磷酸酶 (PLAP) ,神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NSE)、催乳素(PRL)和肾母细胞瘤 (WT1)基因蛋白在卵巢无性细胞瘤中的表达及其临床病理意义。方法 :复查 1983年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 10月曾经在重庆医科大学临床学院治疗的卵巢无性细胞瘤 31例的临床及病理资料。对 31例的肿瘤组织进行PLAP、NSE、PRL和WT1免疫组织化学染色。结果 :患者年龄 12～ 4 2岁 ,平均 2 5岁。临床Ⅰ期 18例 (5 8.1% ) ,Ⅱ期 5例 (16 .1% ) ,Ⅲ期 6例 (19.4 % ) ,Ⅳ期 2例 (6 .4 % )。PLAP、NSE、PRL和WT1在无性细胞瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为 10 0 %、70 .9%、3.2 %和 12 .9%。NSE表达与临床分期以及 5年生存率之间显著相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。WT1的阳性表达与组织学亚型明显相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :NSE阳性表达与晚期肿瘤密切相关。PLAP和NSE可看作是无性细胞瘤重要的组织标志物 ,肿瘤组织是血清PLAP和NSE的主要来源。WT1的表达与无性细胞瘤分化较差有关     

细胞周期素D1蛋白在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及其意义

目的　研究细胞周期素D1(cyclinD1)在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及意义。方法　 1997～ 2 0 0 0年采用免疫组织化学SP法 ,检测恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤、交界性肿瘤、良性肿瘤、正常卵巢组织cyclinD1的表达。结果　在恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤 ,良性肿瘤 ,正常卵巢组织之间cyclinD1的表达差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。cyclinD1的表达率与组织分化程度和临床分期有显著相关性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,cyclinD1的过度表达见于组织分化差 ,肿瘤发病的晚期。结论　cyclinD1在卵巢癌组织中广泛存在 ,并与组织分化 ,临床分期有一定相关性 ,提示该基因在卵巢癌的发生、发展中起一定作用     

儿童过敏性紫癜不同时期凝血功能状态检测及分析

目的　研究儿童过敏性紫癜 (HSP)发作期及缓解期凝血状态的改变情况及其机制。方法　 2 0 0 1～2 0 0 3年深圳市儿童医院收治的HSP患儿共 6 0例 ,根据发病期和缓解期的不同 ,相应分为HSP发作组 (30例 )和HSP缓解组 (30例 ) ,检测凝血酶原时间比 (PTR)、血浆D 二聚体 (D dimer)及组织因子途径抑制物 (TFPI)水平 ,并与对照组 35例健康体检儿童比较。结果　两组HSP患儿的PTR与对照组比较差异无显著性 (均P >0 0 5 ) ;HSP发作组血浆D dimer明显升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而HSP缓解组血浆D dimer浓度下降 ,与对照组差异无显著性(P >0 0 5 ) ;HSP发作组血浆TFPI含量高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,HSP缓解组降至正常水平 ,和对照组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　HSP患儿发作期凝血解溶状态处于高活动状态 ,随着病情进入缓解期高凝状态可恢复正常 ;TFPI在HSP患儿发作期可能具有防止血管内凝血活动过度和扩散的重要作用。     

监测血清尿酸值预测妊高征的临床意义(附562例临床分析)

目的　探讨血清尿酸预测妊高征的临床意义。方法　 1998年 8月至 2 0 0 2年 8月检测 562例孕妇在孕 2 8、3 2、3 6、3 8周及临产时肾功能。结果　临产时妊高征患者血清尿酸显著高于正常孕妇 (P <0 0 0 1) ,并从妊娠 3 2周开始其含量逐渐升高 ,妊娠 3 4周以后轻、中、重度妊高征间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。结论　血清尿酸含量的测定对了解妊高征的病情具有重要意义 ,监测晚孕血清尿酸值可预测妊高征的发生     

第一产程异常胎心监护图形与新生儿结局的关系

目的　探讨第一产程异常胎心监护图形与新生儿结局的关系。方法　回顾分析 2 0 0 2年 8月至 2 0 0 3年 6月在我院足月单胎头位分娩产妇 ,第一产程中胎心率 (FHR)异常图形 2 1 7例 (观察组 )和FHR正常图形的2 6 9例 (对照组 )的临床资料。结果　第一产程异常FHR图形的发生率为 4 4 7% ,常见类型为轻度变异减速(6 4 5 % )、基线变异减弱 (2 1 6 % )和轻度心动过速 (1 2 0 % )。晚期减速、基线变异减弱和重度变异减速是导致新生儿窒息的危险因素。观察组羊水过少 (5 1 % )、脐带缠绕 (2 2 6 % )、羊水粪染 (1 0 6 % )、新生儿窒息 (6 5 % )、新生儿转入NICU(1 0 1 % )的发生率和剖宫产率 (31 8% )明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　第一产程异常FHR图形的发生率较高 ,其中晚期减速、基线变异减弱、重度变异减速与新生儿窒息的发生相关 ,其他图形可在严密监护下继续试产     

Low-dose oral combination of 17beta-estradiol and norethisterone acetate in postmenopausal women decreases factor VII, fibrinogen, antithrombin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.

OBJECTIVE: Controversies still persist concerning hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its effects upon blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. This study was carried out to evaluate possible effects of continuously administered low-dose 17beta-estradiol (E2) and norethisterone acetate (NETA) on coagulation and fibrinolytic factors. METHODS: We conducted a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, 1-year study in 120 healthy postmenopausal women. The three groups consisted of a placebo group (n = 40), a group receiving oral continuous combined E2 1 mg and NETA 0.25 mg (n = 40) and a group receiving oral continuous combined E2 1 mg and NETA 0.5 mg (n = 40). RESULTS: The two low doses of E2-NETA induced significantly lower plasma levels of factor VII, fibrinogen, antithrombin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), compared with placebo treatmen CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose E2 (1 mg) in combination with NETA resulted in favorable changes of factor VII activity and fibrinogen, compared with placebo. The lower plasma levels of PAI-1 may lead to increased fibrinolytic activity. These findings suggest a decreased risk of developing coronary heart disease. Antithrombin activity was also reduced, which may increase the risk of developing venous thromboembolism. The clinical significance of the lower levels of these factors remains to be clarified.     

Expression of apoptosis-related proteins in adenomyotic uteri treated with danazol and GnRH agonists.

The biologic properties of adenomyosis and the effects of therapeutic agents on adenomyosis were evaluated with immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method, transmission electron microscopy, and analysis of genomic abnormality. In the adenomyotic endometrium, estrogen receptor (ER) expression was more intense than in the eutopic endometrium during the secretory phase, and bcl-2 was constantly expressed throughout the menstrual cycle. The expression of ER and bcl-2 was weaker in the adenomyotic endometrium treated with danazol than in that treated with gonadotro-pin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), whereas bcl-2 phosphorylated on serine-87 was more intensely expressed in danazol-treated adenomyotic endometrium than in the GnRHa-treated one. The number of TUNEL-positive cells increased in the adenomyotic endometrium treated with danazol or GnRHa. Ultrastructurally, most of the adenomyotic endometrial cells treated with danazol underwent postapoptotic necrosis and formed a cluster of dead cells. In contrast, cells treated with GnRHa underwent typical apoptosis and were sparsely distributed in the adenomyotic endometrium. Analysis of several cancer-related genes showed no microsatellite instability or loss of heterozygosity in adenomyotic tissues. Therefore, we conclude that the occurrence of adenomyosis is correlated to bcl-2 expression regulated by estrogen and ER rather than genetic mutation.     

Construction of a bioengineered cardiac graft

OBJECTIVES: Currently available graft materials for repair of congenital heart defects cause significant morbidity and mortality because of their lack of growth potential. An autologous cell-seeded graft may improve patient outcomes. We report our initial experience with the construction of a biodegradable graft seeded with cultured rat or human cells and identify their 3-dimensional growth characteristics. METHODS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, stomach smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro. These cells were injected into or laid onto biodegradable gelatin meshes, and their rate of proliferation and spatial location within the mesh was evaluated by using a cell counter and histologic analysis. RESULTS: Rat cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts demonstrated steady proliferation over 3 to 4 weeks. The gelatin mesh was slowly degraded, but this process was most rapid after seeding with fibroblasts. Human atrial cardiomyocytes proliferated within the gelatin meshes but at a slower rate than that of fetal rat cardiomyocytes. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes survived within the gelatin mesh matrix but did not increase in number during the 2-week duration of evaluation. Grafts seeded with rat ventricular cells exhibited spontaneous rhythmic contractility. All cell types preferentially migrated to the uppermost surface of each graft and formed a 300- to 500-microm thick layer. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, gastric smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial cardiomyocytes can grow in a 3-dimensional pattern within a biodegradable gelatin mesh. Similar autologous cell-seeded constructs may eventually be applied to repair congenital heart defects.     

小骨窗开颅加尿激酶治疗高血压脑出血

目的　探讨微创小骨窗血肿清除加用尿激酶溶解血肿治疗高血压脑出血的效果。方法　将 32例入院的高血压脑出血病例在头颅CT片指导下行颞部直切口 ,小骨窗 2 0～ 3 0cm ,直视下吸除大部血肿 ,活动性出血予以电凝止血。血肿腔放置硅胶管 ,手术后 3d引流管注入 1万U尿激酶 ,再引流陈旧溶解的血肿液 ,并与大骨瓣开颅血肿清除术的效果相比较。结果　 32例中 ,18例完全恢复 ,半自理 8例 ,优良率 81 3% ,偏瘫 4例 ,无植物生存 ,死亡 2例 ,病死率 6 %。与前期大骨瓣开颅血肿清除术相比较有良好的效果。结论　小骨窗微创血肿清除加尿激酶血肿腔溶解血肿的结合 ,最佳化地发挥了各自的优势 ,同时避免了其缺点。     

Experimental Study on Meiotic Spindles and Chromosomes of Mouse Mature （MⅡ） Stage Oocytes under Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy

The in vitro culture,maturation and cryopr-eservation of oocytes are all the i mportant parts inthe assisted reproductive technology.Mature oo-cyte(i.e.MⅡoocytes)is arrested at the meta-phase stage of meiosisⅡ,in which chromosomesare attached to the spindle microtubles and line uponthe equatorial plateinthe normal spindles.Dis-organized structure of spindles can not onlylead tosuch morphologic changes as unwound chromo-somes but also the chromosome nondisjuction andresultant aneuploid.When t…