激光诱导小鼠脉络膜新生血管模型中CD105的表达

目的通过激光诱导C57BL／6J小鼠CNV动物模型，观察CD105在新生血管组织中的表达。方法二极管激光诱导生成小鼠脉络膜新生血管，激光后1周和4周以免疫组化观察CD105的表达。结果激光后1周，视网膜下新生血管形成，CD105表达于CNV组织。激光后4周，当血管形成趋于静止时，CD105表达明显减弱。结论研究提示CD105在脉络膜新生血管形成过程中可能起重要作用。     

2017年北美及欧洲儿科胃肠肝脏病和营养学会婴儿胆汁淤积性黄疸评估指南的胆道闭锁评估解读

胆汁淤积(cholestasis)按病因可分为胆管性(梗阻、肝外胆管扩张或肝内胆管过小)和肝细胞性(膜转运体缺陷,遗传或代谢性障碍)[1].胆汁淤积性黄疸在足月产婴儿发病率约为1/2 500,临床上常与新生儿内科性黄疸相混淆[2].婴儿胆汁淤积性黄疸常见的病因包括胆道闭锁(25％～40％)、遗传性疾病(25％)、胆总管结石或胆总管囊肿导致的肝外梗阻、代谢障碍(酪氨酸血症Ⅰ型、半乳糖血症、先天性胆汁酸代谢障碍)、全垂体功能减退、Alagille综合征、感染及肠外营养相关的肝脏疾病[3].     

Postprocedural Outcomes of Rural Children Undergoing Correction of Congenital Heart Lesions in Yunnan Province, China

The management of congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a significant challenge in developing regions. Since 2006, China California Heart Watch has provided cardiac services in China’s Yunnan province. Our Grants for Kids program aims to diagnose and fund surgical and nonsurgical treatments for underprivileged children with congenitally malformed hearts. This report analyzes our patient outcomes. From 2007 to 2010, 36 children with CHD underwent either surgical or percutaneous procedures at local Chinese medical centers, and 94% of our patients could be contacted for follow-up assessment. The mortality and complication rates of our patient population compare favorably with international data. Our study provides a model through which networking with local hospitals and regional cardiac centers can be an effective way to assist developing areas in providing cardiac care to rural underserved populations.     

The effect of SonoPrep? on EMLA? cream application for pain relief prior to intravenous cannulation

The aim the study was to determine the effect of SonoPrep? on the delivery and analgesic effects of EMLA? cream prior to intravenous (iv) cannulation in a tertiary pediatric emergency department. Children aged between 5 and 10?years were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive either sonophoresis with SonoPrep? or sham sonophoresis followed by application of EMLA? cream for 5?min prior to iv cannulation. The primary outcome measurement was the child's rating of pain immediately after iv placement, using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS). Parents or guardians and blinded researchers were additionally asked to rate their perception of the child's pain using the 10-cm VAS and the Wong-Baker Face scale. A total of 42 patients completed the study (21 in the study group, 21 in the control group). The baseline characteristics between the groups were similar. The VAS pain score was significantly lower in children treated with sonophoresis compared with the sham sonophoresis (median (percentiles 25th-75th), 20.0 (10.0-22.5) vs. 60.0 (31.0-87.5); p?相似文献   

L-454,560, a potent and selective PDE4 inhibitor with in vivo efficacy in animal models of asthma and cognition

Type 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE4) inhibitors are emerging therapeutics in the treatment of a number of chronic disorders including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cognitive disorders. This study delineates the preclinical profile of L-454,560, which is a potent, competitive and preferential inhibitor of PDE4A, 4B, and 4D with IC50 values of 1.6, 0.5 and 1.2 nM, respectively. In contrast to the exclusive binding of cilomilast and the preferential binding of roflumilast to the PDE4 holoenzyme state (Mg2+-bound form), L-454,560 binds to both the apo-(Mg2+-free) and holoenzyme states of PDE4. The intrinsic enzyme potency for PDE4 inhibition by L-454,560 also results in an effective blockade of LPS-induced TNFalpha formation in whole blood (IC50 = 161 nM) and is comparable to the human whole blood potency of roflumilast. The cytokine profile of inhibition of L-454,560 is mainly a Th1 profile with significant inhibition of IFNgamma and no detectable inhibition of IL-13 formation up to 1 microM. L-454,560 was also found to be efficacious in two models of airway hyper-reactivity, the ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized and challenged guinea pig and the ascaris sensitized sheep model. Furthermore, L-454560 was also effective in improving performance in the delayed matching to position (DMTP) version of the Morris watermaze, at a dose removed from that associated with potential emesis. Therefore, L-454,560 is a novel PDE4 inhibitor with an overall in vivo efficacy profile at least comparable to roflumilast and clearly superior to cilomilast.     

注射用头孢曲松钠／舒巴坦钠（4：1）健康人体单次给药药动学研究

目的评价中国健康男性受试者单次静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）的药动学特点。方法12名受试者按拉丁法随机分为3组，先后静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）注射液1．25、2．50和3．75g，采用高效液相色谱法测定给药后不同时间头孢曲松和舒巴坦的血、尿浓度，求得主要药动学参数。结果受试者静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）注射液1．25、2．50和3．75g后，所计算的药动学参数：头孢曲松的Cmax分别是（129．89±17．01）、（220．37±22．38）和（287．12±27．18）mg／L；AUC（0-∞）分别为（1204．81±296．45）、（1850．92±271．04）和（2339．23±387．59）mg·h／L；t1/2β分别是（8．01±1．40）、（8．31±0．82）和（8．28±1．16）h；CL／F分别是（O．48±0．27）、（O．53±0．32）和（0.69±0．31）L／h；V／F分别是（2．82±1．36）、（3．01±1．55）和（3．61±1．21）；舒巴坦的Cmax分别是（9．59±3．12）、（18．79±2．88）和（28．14±6．92）mg／L；AUC（0-∞）分别（17．53±7．09）、（33．19±359）和（51．22±7．89）mg·h／L；t1／2β分别是（1．14±0．20）、（1．18±0．13）和（1．12±0．15）h；CL／F分别是（20．67±9．95）、（17．01±5．96）和（17．42±2．96）L／h；V／F分别是（10．49±10．06）、（10．54±4，11）和（9．02±6．55）．除Cmax和AUC（0-∞）外，其他参数经统计学处理．没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）。受试者静脉滴注1．25g、2．5g、3．75g的头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）后．头孢曲松的72h后尿中的原形药物累积排泄百分率分别是（40．30±10．19）%、（45．92±11．12）%和（45．60±13．06）％，舒巴坦12h后尿中的原形药物累积排泄百分率分别是（72．29±3．46）%、（70．76±10．00）%和（71．06±5．58）%。结论根据药动学计算参数．我们认为将头孢曲松钠和舒巴钠按比例（4：1）组成注射用复方制剂，两种药物的药动学特征均未发生改变．两组分间无药物动力学的相互作用。