反义寡核苷酸对脑胶质瘤细胞生长抑制作用的动态研究

目的　探讨原癌基因 c- m yb反义寡核苷酸 (AON)对 C6脑胶质瘤细胞的体内生长抑制作用。方法　将 C6脑胶质瘤细胞接种于裸鼠皮下 ,当肿瘤长至 10 mm左右时随机分成 3组 (每组 12只 ) ,分别用 c- mybAON、正义寡核苷酸 (SON)和生理盐水瘤区原位注射 ,注药后 4、8、12和 16日各组处死动物 3只 ,动态观察肿瘤的体积、重量及病理学改变 ;用流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡 ;以免疫组化方法分析各组的 c- m yb、bcl- 2蛋白阳性表达率。结果　 c- myb AON组的肿瘤体积抑制率分别为第 4天 6 6 .7% ,第 8天 71.4% ,第 12天 72 % ,第 16天73% ,与对照组相比 ,其生长抑制作用具有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;AON组凋亡细胞百分率为第 4天 3.4% ,第 8天 2 7.1% ,第 12天 46 .1% ,第 16天 48.4% ,是 SON组和对照组相应时段凋亡细胞的 3.5倍以上 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;AON组 c-myb和 bcl- 2蛋白阳性表达率较对照组有显著降低 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;且 AON治疗后的脑胶质瘤中见较多炎性细胞浸润和钙化灶。结论　 c- myb癌基因有可能成为反义基因治疗恶性脑胶质瘤的优选靶点之一     

Application of network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate the potential mechanism of Astragalus–Scorpion against prostate cancer

The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the Astragalus–Scorpion drug pair in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). We employed network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to retrieving the active ingredients and corresponding targets of Astragalus–Scorpion by using TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, TCMID and Swiss Target Prediction Databases. The targets related to PCa were retrieved through GeneCards. Cytoscape software was used to construct the ‘active ingredient–target disease’ network, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the common targets. Autodock software was used for molecular docking verification. In total, 26 active ingredients, 340 potential targets related to active ingredients and 122 common targets were screened from Astragalus–Scorpion drug pair. The core targets of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were JUN, AKT1, IL6, MAPK1 and RELA, whereas the core active ingredients were quercetin, kaempferol, formononetin, 7-o-methylisomucronulatol and calycosin. Nearly 762 GO entries and 154 pathways were obtained by using the pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking results revealed that quercetin and kaempferol bind to AKT1 and formononetin binds to RELA, all of which were found to be stable bounds.     

Pulmonary contusions in patients with rib fractures: The need to better classify a common injury

BackgroundPulmonary contusions are common injuries. Computed tomography reveals vast contused lung volume spectrum, yet pulmonary contusions are defined dichotomously (unilateral vs bilateral). We assessed whether there is stepwise increased risk of pulmonary complications among patients without, with unilateral, and with bilateral pulmonary contusion.MethodsWe identified adults admitted with rib fractures using the largest US inpatient database. After propensity-score-matching patients without vs with unilateral vs bilateral pulmonary contusions and adjusting for residual confounders, we compared risk for pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), respiratory failure, intubation, and mortality.ResultsAmong 148,140 encounters of adults with multiple rib fractures, 19% had concomitant pulmonary contusions. Matched patients with pulmonary contusions had increased risk of pneumonia 19% [95%CI:16–33%], respiratory failure 40% [95%CI: 31–50%], and intubation 46% [95%CI: 33–61%]. Delineation showed bilateral contusions, not unilateral contusions, attributed to increased risk of complications.ConclusionsThere is likely a correlation between contused lung volume and risk of pulmonary complications; dichotomously classifying pulmonary contusions is insufficient. Better understanding this correlation requires establishing the clinically significant contusion volume and a correspondingly refined classification system.     

Box-Behnken设计-响应面法优化经典名方四妙勇安汤煎煮工艺研究

目的 遵循中医药传承创新发展的基本准则——“遵古原则”,考察经典名方四妙勇安汤（Simiao Yong’an Decoction,SYD）的煎煮工艺,确保原汤剂原汁原味的传统功效,并进行质量综合评价,为经典名方SYD进一步制剂开发提供参考。方法 采用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法对加水量、浸泡时间、煎煮时间进行考察,通过指纹图谱结合多元统计分析进行定性半定量评价,通过含量测定分析和干膏率进行定量评价,综合以上评价方法优选煎煮工艺并验证。结果 通过Box-Behnken设计-响应面法制备17批煎煮样品,建立了17批样品HPLC指纹图谱,标定了14个共有峰,利用多元统计分析对指纹图谱共有峰数据进行主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）与正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）并计算得分,结果显示9号工艺为最佳煎煮工艺,即煎煮2次,第1次加16倍量水,浸泡30 min,煎煮30 min;第2次加16倍量水,煎煮30 min。同时采用H...     

Differential contribution of the factors determining long-term renal function after partial nephrectomy over time

PurposeTo define how much of renal function was determined by the preserved renal parenchymal volume and the ischemic insult during partial nephrectomy (PN) long after surgery.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 530 consecutive patients who had undergone PN. For all patients, renal function was measured preoperatively and again at 3 postoperative months, then annually using ^99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid renal scan. Perioperative variables potentially affecting the long-term ipsilateral glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and their time-varying contribution were assessed using a linear mixed model.ResultsThe mean preoperative ipsilateral GFR was 42.9 ml/min, which decreased by 27.3% at 3 months but began to recover thereafter continuing until 4 years (Δ% GFR at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years: 22.3%, 18.5%, 14.7%, 10.0%, and 9.6%, respectively). Parenchymal volume reduction and ischemic time were significantly associated with postoperative ipsilateral GFR throughout observation period unvarying with time. Diabetes and proteinuria were not significant determinants of ipsilateral function at 3 months but became significant at 5 years. In multivariate analysis regarding recovery slope, volume reduction (β = ?0.026, SE 0.006, P < 0.0001), preoperative ipsilateral GFR (β = ?0.021, SE 0.007, P = 0.0012), proteinuria (β = ?0.942, SE 0.372, P = 0.0116), and diabetes (β = ?0.396, SE 0.197, P = 0.0447) were independently significant.ConclusionIpsilateral renal function continued to improve until 5 years after PN. Parenchymal volume loss was the major determinant and its impact on long-term ipsilateral renal function remained constant while ischemic time affected early GFR reduction with its impact diminishing over time. Patient-related factors including diabetes and proteinuria gained significance over time and became independent determinants of recovery slope.     

The establishment of the Korean medical device safety information monitoring center: Reviewing ten years of experience

Medical devices may revolutionize healthcare delivery but can lead to serious adverse events for treated patients and users. While reporting of adverse events related to medical devices is an essential starting point for post-market surveillance, underreporting of medical device adverse events is a global problem. Korea introduced a voluntary medical device adverse event reporting system in 2010, called the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center, which has led to an increase in adverse event reports. For 10 years, the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center has analyzed medical device adverse events systematically and has provided active feedback to the manufacturers and education on safe use. Recently, the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center contributed to harmonization of international medical device vigilance through the sharing of adverse events. This experience of Korea might contribute to improvements in medical device vigilance, which is a critical prerequisite for improving medical device policies and regulations.     

搭桥、分流手术中分流管端侧交接缝合处的受力分析

本文对搭桥分流术中分流管端侧交接缝合处受力进行了分析，发现分流管向的张力随分流管面积与动脉管面积的比值增大而增大，并且在流量比为０．３时该张力有最小值。夹角的影响不大，但不可忽略。考虑到缝合材料等其它因素，还需建立对缝合线密度等因素的要求。     

正常人和脑梗死患者颈动脉血流超声多普勒时频分析

目的：分别对正常人和脑梗死患颈动脉血流超声多普勒时频分析,为临床应用提供参考资料。方法：检测正常人和脑梗患（大多有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块）的颈动脉多普勒血流时频谱,以其峰值频率（fmax),模式频率（fmode),平均频率（fmean),低值频率（fmin),重脉波频率（fp)和频弥散宽度（fw)为定量指标。结果：正常人颈动脉血流信号时频谱的fmax,fmean和fmode曲线在一个心动周期中具有总体相似的形状,相互嵌套,其中收缩期的fmax最高,均大于3kHz,fmin最低不低于1kHz,脑梗死患颈动脉时频谱的fmax与fmean和fmode两曲线分开,fmax减低（＜3kHz),fp消失,舒张末期fmin减低显（均低于0．5kHz),结论：颈动脉多普勒血流时频分析及所遴选的定量指标对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块十分敏感,可供诊断试验,且可集成在便携式计算机里,适用于社区人群中筛选易中风病变个体。     

Immune responses to the expressed products of the CSP antige n gene of Plasmodium falciparum southern China isolate FCC1/HN in Hela cell

Objective To construct a eukaryotic expression system with pcDNA3-PfCSP/Hela for the Circ umsporozoite protein (CSP) gene of Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum), t o observe the immune responses in BALB/c mice induced by the expressed proteins .Methods The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-PfCSP was transformed into the Hela cell line. The expressed protein was isolated and analyzed by using SDS-PAGE and used for immunization of BALB/c mice by subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitone al adminstration.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), Dot-ELISA, Wester n blot, T lymphocyte proliferation test, natural killer cell(NKC) activity assay , and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell detection were used for observation of humoral an d cellular immune responses.Results Immune sera strongly reacted with the expressed protein, antibody titer was up to 1∶6400 as detected by ELISA.Western blot analysis revealed a specific b and at 38.3 Kda.When the spleen cells of normal and immunized BALB/c mice we re specifically stimulated with expressed protein, the optical densities were 0 .12±0.03 and 0.34±0.04, respectively.The latter were significantly highe r than the former (P&lt;0.01).We used the MTT colorimetric assay to measure NKC activity of mice spleen.The results showed that the NKC activity of immuni zed BALB/c mice was remarkably higher than that of the controls (P&lt;0.05). CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were detected by using monoclonal antibody immunofluor escence methods.The results showed that the percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of immunized group were significantly higher than that of control group ( P&lt;0.05).Conclusions The humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and elevated NKC activity to pr oducts made with a eukaryotic expression system could be specifically detected i n BALB/c mice.These findings indicate that the expressed protein could enhance the immune function in mice.