颅脑损伤患者血浆硫化氢含量的变化及其意义

目的探讨颅脑损伤后血浆硫化氢（H2S）含量的变化及其意义。方法2011年9月~2012年6月收治颅脑损伤144例,其中重型48例,中型46例,轻型50例;另选同期健康体检者52例作为对照。采用改良亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定患者血浆H2S含量,分析其与颅脑损伤严重程度的关系。结果重、中、轻型颅脑损伤患者及对照组血浆H2S含量分别为（27．92±7．25）umol,L、（36．15±4．80）umol／L、（45．16±3．72）umol／L和（48．79±6．28）umol／L,两两相较均相差非常显著（P〈0．01）。结论本研究表明颅脑损伤的严重程度与患者血浆中H2S含量呈负相关,提示颅脑损伤后H2S血浆含量降低可能参与颅脑损伤后继发性脑损伤的发生和发展。     

有机锡中毒性脑病225例临床分析

目的 :探讨有机锡中毒性脑病的发病机制及抢救治疗方法。方法 :对 2 2 5例有机锡中毒性脑病临床救治资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :中毒性脑病的病情轻重与脑电图改变及低血钾程度呈正相关 ;经脱水降颅压、激素、超常规补钾等治疗 ,全部治愈。结论 :有机锡引起神经细胞代谢障碍 ,脑水肿、低钾血症是产生中毒性脑病的病理基础 ;诊断一经确立 ,即应采取综合措施 ,积极脱水降颅压 ,大剂量激素使用 ,纠正低血钾是抢救成功的关键     

A Case of Myocarditis Presenting With a Hyperechoic Nodule After the First Dose of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine

Myocarditis and/or pericarditis have been reported as adverse events following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA vaccination, with most cases occurring within 1 week after the second dose. We report a rare case of myocarditis after the first dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine in a 17-year-old boy. Here, we describe the laboratory, electrocardiographic, and imaging findings of myocarditis.     

Impact of National Centralized Drug Procurement Policy on Antiviral Utilization and Expenditure for Hepatitis B in China

Background and AimsThe National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) policy was launched in mainland China in April 2019, with entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) being included in the procurement list. We conducted the current study to investigate the impact of the NCDP policy on the utilization and expenditures of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China.MethodsProcurement records, including monthly purchase volume, expenditure, and price of nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs), were derived from the National Healthcare Security Administration from April 2018 to March 2021. The changes in volumes and expenditures of the first-line NAs and bid-winning products were calculated. The effects of price, volume, and structure related to drug expenditure were calculated by the Addis and Magrini (AM) Index System Analysis.ResultsThe purchase volume of NAs significantly increased from 134.3 to 318.3 million DDDs, whereas the expenditure sharply decreased from 1,623.41 to 490.43 million renminbi (RMB) or 241.94 to 73.09 million US dollars (USD). The proportions of first-line NAs rose from 72.51% (ETV: 69.00%, TDF: 3.51%) to 94.97% (ETV: 77.42%, TDF: 17.55%). AM analysis showed that the NCDP policy decreased the expenditure of all NAs (S=0.91) but increased that of the first-line NAs in the bid-winning list (S=1.13). Assuming the population size of CHB patients remains stable and a compliance rate of ≥75%, the proportion of CHB patients receiving first-line antiviral therapy would increase from 6.36–8.48% to 11.56–15.41%.ConclusionsThe implementation of the NCDP policy significantly increased the utilization of first-line NAs for CHB patients at a lower expenditure. The findings provided evidence for optimizing antiviral therapy strategy and allocating medical resources in China.     

Effect of Bi,Sb, and Ti on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SAC105 Alloys

The Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloys with a low Ag (Ag < 3 wt.%) content have attracted great attention owing to their low cost, increased ability in bulk compliance, and plastic energy dissipation. However, some of their mechanical properties are generally lower than the SAC alloys with a higher Ag content. Adding alloying elements is an effective approach for improving the mechanical properties of the SAC alloys. In this study, the effect of Bi, Sb, and Ti on Sn-1 wt.%Ag-0.5 wt.%Cu (SAC105) solder alloys was investigated. The SAC solders with four compositions: SAC105-1 wt.%Bi, SAC105-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb-0.4 wt.%Ti were prepared. The microstructure and phase compositions were characterized using electron scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties and wettability were also examined. Uniaxial tensile tests and nano-indentation tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results show that adding Bi or Sb could increase the strength of SAC105 alloys mainly due to the solid solution strengthening effect. The creep resistance of SAC105 alloys was also improved with the additions of Bi and Sb. The co-additions of Bi and Sb into SAC105 alloys exhibit an enhanced creep resistance than that calculated by the theoretical calculation. The further addition of Ti into SAC105-1Bi-1Sb alloys demonstrated a much-improved creep resistance, which could be attributed to the synergistic effects of both solid solution strengthening and the precipitation hardening effects.     

制备流感疫苗的细胞基质研究进展

考虑到鸡胚生产流感疫苗的局限性,研究者们开始关注细胞培养疫苗生产技术.此文主要介绍了几种常用的细胞基质(如Vero、PER.C6、Madin-Darby狗肾细胞和其他动物细胞),阐述了利用细胞培养技术制备流感疫苗的方法及研究进展.相关研究显示细胞基质生产的流感疫苗与鸡胚生产的流感疫苗相比,效果相似或者更好.     

百令胶囊在肾移植术后早中期的应用研究

为研究百令胶囊在肾移植术后早,中期的免疫抑制作用,将肾移植患者分为３组,Ａ组为百令胶囊＋Ｐｒｅｄ＋ＣｓＡ,Ｂ组为百令胶囊＋Ｐｒｅｄ＋ＣｓＡ＋ＡｚａＣ组为Ｐｒｅｄ＋ＣｓＡ＋Ａｚａ。结果：１．急性排斥发生情况：Ａ组１６．５％（３３／２００）,Ｂ组１１．７９％（３３／２８０）,Ｃ组１６％（１６／１００）,２．肝功能损害情况;Ａ组１８．５％,Ｂ组为２１．０７％,Ｃ组２５％,３．白细胞下降,Ａ组无,Ｂ组１２     

Antiangiogenic activity of lupeol from Bombax ceiba

In the search for antiangiogenic agents from medicinal plants used in Vietnam, a methanol extract of the stem barks of Bombax ceiba was found to exhibit a significant antiangiogenic activity on in vitro tube formation of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC). Bioactivity-guided fractionation and isolation carried out on this extract afforded lupeol as an active principle. At 50 and 30 microg/mL lupeol showed a marked inhibitory activity on HUVEC tube formation while it did not affect the growth of tumor cell lines such as SK-MEL-2, A549, and B16-F10 melanoma.     

Determination of heavy metals in water using an FTO electrode modified with CeO2/rGO nanoribbons prepared by an electrochemical method

The rGO/CeO₂/FTO nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared by an electrochemical method. A simple and highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platform for electrochemical rGO and modified CeO₂ nanoribbons directly on FTO electrodes was developed. Simultaneous determination of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ used the differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) method. The method was simple to operate, and CeO₂ nanobelts could be obtained simultaneously by electrodeposition and reduction of GO without further processing. This is an environmentally friendly electrochemical method to obtain modified electrodes under mild conditions. The experimental results showed that the linear calibration curves of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are 1–300 and 0.2–500 μg L⁻¹, respectively. At the same time, no interference from other coexisting metal ions was found during the detection process, which proved that the modified electrode had good stability and repeatability.

The rGO/CeO₂/FTO nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared by an electrochemical method.