创新思维教学模式在基础护理学实验课程中的应用

目的 探索创新思维教学模式在本科生基础护理学实验课程中的应用。方法 2015 级本科两个自然班各37 名学生分为实验组和对照组，实验组采用改革的实验教学措施，包括观看操作教学视频、设计操作剧本并进行展示比赛、设置开放性讨论题等，主要凸显以学生为主体，给学生更多自主学习和自我实践探索的时间和平台；对照组采用“老师示教—学生分组练习—老师总结”的传统实验教学措施，比较两组学生综合素质培养的自评结果、课后测试成绩及护理技能操作考核成绩。结果 实验组学生自评学习兴趣、创新意识、 创新思维等综合素质的提高比对照组高（P ＜ 0.05），实验组学生课后测试成绩和操作考核成绩高于对照组（P ＜ 0.001，P ＜ 0.05）。结论 以创新思维为导向的基础护理学实验教学模式有利于提高护理本科生的创新意识、创新思维、学习兴趣、自主学习和合作学习能力等综合素质。     

A GWAS-supported variant interacting with diabetes predicts risk of atherothrombotic stroke in Han Chinese population

Background: A recent genome-wide association study has identified that rs4376531 variant conferred risk of atherothrombotic stroke (AS) in a Japanese population. This study was to explore the association in Han Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 1036 cases and 643 healthy controls were enrolled. We genotyped rs4376531 variant with SNPscan. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of genetic variation with risk of AS. Interaction analysis was examined by SNPStats web tool.

Results: After adjusting for gender, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes and smoking, compared with CC genotype, we observed that GC and GG/GC genotypes were associated with a significantly decreased risk of AS (OR?=?0.76, 95% CI?=?0.58–0.99 and OR?=?0.76, 95% CI?=?0.58–0.98, respectively). The decreased risk was more obvious among subgroups with high BMI (OR?=?0.63, 95% CI?=?0.45–0.88), no hypertension (OR?=?0.66, 95% CI?=?0.46–0.94), diabetes (OR?=?0.33, 95% CI?=?0.17–0.64), and smoking (OR?=?0.65, 95% CI?=?0.44–0.95) in the dominant model (GG/GC vs CC). Interaction analysis also revealed that compared with non-diabetic patients with CC genotype, diabetic patients with CC genotype had a 4.48-fold (OR?=?4.48; 95% CI?=?2.98–6.72) increased risk of AS.

Conclusion: Our data suggested that GC and GG/GC of rs4376531 contributed to a decreased risk of AS while CC genotype, interacting with diabetes, increased the stroke risk in Han Chinese population.     

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with Schwann cell transplantation promotes spinal cord injury recovery

Schwann cell transplantation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy each promote recovery from spinal cord injury, but it remains unclear whether their combination improves therapeutic results more than monotherapy. To investigate this, we used Schwann cell transplantation via the tail vein, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or their combination, in rat models of spinal cord contusion injury. The combined treatment was more effective in improving hindlimb motor function than either treatment alone; injured spinal tissue showed a greater number of neurite-like structures in the injured spinal tissue, somatosensory and motor evoked potential latencies were notably shorter, and their amplitudes greater, after combination therapy than after monotherapy. These findings indicate that Schwann cell transplantation combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy is more effective than either treatment alone in promoting the recovery of spinal cord in rats after injury.     

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Update on diagnosis and therapy

With an estimated incidence of only 1-2 cases in every 1 million people, hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare vascular endothelial cell tumor occurring in the liver and consisting of epithelioid and histiocyte-like vascular endothelial cells in mucus or a fibrotic matrix. HEHE is characterized as a low-to-moderate grade malignant tumor and is classified into three types: solitary, multiple, and diffuse. Both the etiology and characteristic clinical manifestations of HEHE are unclear. However, HEHE has a characteristic appearance on imaging including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography/computerized tomography. Still, its diagnosis depends mainly on pathological findings, with immunohistochemical detection of endothelial markers cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), CD34, CD10, vimentin, and factor VIII antigen as the basis of diagnosis. Hepatectomy and/or liver transplantation are the first choice for treatment, but various chemotherapeutic drugs are reportedly effective, providing a promising treatment option. In this review, we summarize the literature related to the diagnosis and treatment of HEHE, which provides future perspectives for the clinical management of HEHE.     

OEC9900中型C型臂X射线机电源故障维修一例

1故障现象OEC9900中型C型臂X射线机在曝光时突然报错,无法工作。再次开机,在工作站右侧显示屏上报"WORK STATION UPS COMMUNICATION FAILURE"。下面两行说明是让关闭工作站,等待10 s再开机,如果还是报此信息,联系维修服务。C型臂端控制面板点阵显示屏上出现了"PRECHARGE VOLTAGE ERROR"的报错信息。由于此C型臂X射线机安装至今工作良好,没有出现过问题,所以过了保修期也没有向厂家购买过保修服务。联系厂家答复说工程师上门维修费1.6万元,还要等工程师安排时间。近期天气原因,患者增多,时间宝贵。     

中药熏蒸与人工泪液联用及综合护理对干眼症的治疗效果

【摘要】 目的 探讨中药熏蒸结合西医人工泪液及综合护理对干眼症的治疗效果。方法 选取干眼症患者120例为研究对象，随机分为西医人工泪液治疗37例（A组）、中药熏蒸治疗39例（B组）、中药熏蒸结合人工泪液治疗44例（C组），三组均行综合护理，连续治疗20天，并随访1个月，用分泌泪液指数、人工泪液使用频率、眼睛不适症状总数及VAS舒适度评价各组治疗后第20天和随访1个月的临床效果。结果 与治疗前相比，治疗第20天，A、B、C三组在泪液分泌指数、眼睛不适症状总数及VAS舒适度均显著改善（P＜0.05）。随访1个月，C组与A组相比，上述指标显著更优（均P＜0.05）；与B组相比，C组眼睛不适症状总数显著减少（P＜0.05），两眼泪液指数显著增加（P＜0.05）；C组有效率显著高于A及B组（P＜0.05）。结论 在综合护理下，中药熏蒸结合西医人工泪液治疗干眼症效果明显优于单独中医和西医治疗效果，可有效提升患者生活质量。     

A Novel Method for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Endoscopic Spatial Relationships of Pterygopalatine Fossa Structures and Associated Regions

Background: The spatial orientation rules of the important skull base structures are essential for performing endoscopic surgery. However, there is no satisfactory three-dimensional (3-D) anatomy study available to the surgeon at present. The aims of this study are to construct a new method to learn the spatial orientation of anatomical features under endoscopy and to help the surgeon establish a 3-D image of skull base structures in his mind. Methods: A modified MicronTracker navigation system was used to measure the pitch angle, direction angle and distance from the reference points to various anatomical landmarks of the pterygopalatine fossa and related structures (PPFRS) at the skull base in 10 fresh cadavers (20 sides). Results: The location data of the positions of the major landmarks were acquired and a digital model of the anatomical structures of the PPFRS was built, which can be moved, whirled or demonstrated easily. Conclusion: It is practical to measure the positions of the anatomical structures of the PPFRS with a modified binocular vision-based MicronTracker navigation system. It is a valuable exploration tool to help the surgeon establish the orientation of surgical landmarks in his mind by the 3-D parameters and model.