影响去离子水质量的主要因素及排除方法

利用电渗析和离子交换柱除去原水中的各种杂质可得到去离子水．而去离子水的质量直接决定了医用注射液的质量。通过近二年的实际操作．列出了与去离子质量有关的主要因素，并提出一些相应见解。     

Ischemic necrosis of the entire femoral head and rapidly destructive hip disease: potential causative relationship

 Objective. Rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD) is an uncommon disorder of the hip that has been considered a disease of unknown cause and distinct from ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. The objective of this study was to investigate ischemic necrosis of the femoral head as one potential cause of RDHD. Design and patients. In 600 patients who underwent MR imaging of the hip, 20 cases of ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head in 18 patients (3%) were retrospectively studied with routine radiography and MR imaging. All patients had surgically confirmed ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. Results and conclusions. All patients showed rapid destruction of the femoral head on routine radiography and MR imaging as compared with the gradual onset of clinical symptoms. Plain radiographs showed several bone fragments at the inferomedial aspect of the femoral head (75%), acetabular erosions (55%), eccentric depression at the lateral articular surface of the femoral head conforming to the adjacent acetabulum (35%), and mild osteoarthritis (15%). Bone sclerosis was often present at sites of impaction between the femoral head and the acetabulum. MR imaging showed marked distention of the joint capsule in all cases. In 14 of 20 cases, the contents of the joint space showed predominantly low or intermediate signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head may represent one of the causes of RDHD.     

Human cytomegalovirus infection up-regulates interleukin-8 gene expression and stimulates neutrophil transendothelial migration.

Virus-induced alterations in the cellular expression of chemokines may be important in directing the migration of specific leucocyte subsets to sites of infection, thereby playing a pivotal role in viral pathogenesis. We show here that cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of human fibroblasts resulted in significantly increased expression of the C-X-C or alpha-chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8), at both the mRNA and protein levels. Increased IL-8 production was seen following infection with the high passage laboratory CMV strains AD169, Towne, or Davis, as well as the low passage clinical CMV isolates Toledo or C1F. The increase in IL-8 production had functional consequences, as demonstrated by the ability of supernatants from CMV-infected fibroblasts to significantly enhance neutrophil transendothelial migration. The latter was independent of alterations in adhesion molecule expression on the endothelial cells, and was abrogated by neutralizing antibodies specific for IL-8. Direct infection of endothelium with the endothelial cell-tropic CMV strain C1FE, also resulted in enhanced neutrophil transendothelial migration. Neutrophils play an important role in the dissemination of CMV throughout the body, and thus CMV-induced neutrophil recruitment would be expected to enhance CMV dissemination. Increased production of chemokines in response to CMV infection could also disrupt the fine balance between a beneficial and a destructive immune response, thereby potentially contributing to pathology.     

三种方案治疗小儿肺炎的药物经济学研究

目的：比较三种方案治疗小儿细菌性肺炎的效率（即费用－效果）。方法：2001年－2002年采用前瞻性随性临床试验A组50例，B组50例，C组50例作为分析模型，以深圳市二级甲等医院收费为标准，采用决策树的分析方法，进行费用一效果分析。结果：每治疗1例有效病人，A、B、C三组方案的期望成本分别为4707．45元，3052．51元，结论：同时考虑临床疗效及医疗费用，C组有最好的费用－效果，值得临床推广应用。     

肩胛皮瓣再造阴茎

目的：探索一种新的阴茎再造手术方式。方法：应用肩胛皮瓣游离移植和银丝棒硅胶阴茎假体置入行阴茎再造。结果：自2000年3月起，已在临床应用6例，术后皮瓣全部成活。经随访6－12个月，阴茎形态和功能良好，结论：此手术方法设计合理，术后形态功能良好，供区无明显继发畸形，是一种较好的阴茎再造方法。     

3H-胸苷酸掺入法对选择前列腺癌化疗方案的价值

目的为临床选择激素难治性前列腺癌(HRPC)的化疗方案提供参考.方法采用3H-胸苷酸(3H-TdR)掺入法检测了20例HRPC细胞对常用化疗药物的敏感性.结果HRPC对单药的体外敏感性依次为足叶乙苷(VP16)＞阿霉素(ADM)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、雌二醇氮芥(EMP)＞长春花碱(VLB)＞顺铂(DDP);二药联合可使敏感性进一步提高,依次为EMP加VP1 6、5-FU加ADM＞EMP加VLB＞5-FU加DDP三药联用抑瘤作用更强,EMP加VLB加APM、5 FU加ADM加DDP＞EMP加VLB加DDP.结论3H-TdR掺入法有助于化疗方案的选择,对HRPC以联合化疗效果较好.     

SARS临床特点分析

目的 :探讨SARS的临床特点、诊治方法。方法 :对 2 0 0 3年 3月至 2 0 0 3年 5月收治的 2 9例传染性非典型肺炎患者进行回顾性分析 ,总结其流行病学特点、临床表现、血常规及影像学检查特点。结果 :本组 2 9例全部以发热为首发症状 ,有明确接触史者 2 5例 (占 86 .2 % ) ,第一次血常规白细胞降低者有 8例 (占 2 7.6 % ) ,淋巴细胞计数 <0 .9× 10 9 L者 19例 (占 6 5 .5 % ) ,白细胞计数出现进行性下降者 2 2例 (占 75 .9% )。所有患者胸片显示肺部阴影 ,其中迅速进展者 18例 (占 6 2 .1% )。治疗采用抗病毒、抗感染、支持等综合治疗 ,重症患者使用大剂量甲泼尼龙和无创机械通气。结论 :流行病学史、临床特点是早期诊断的关键 ,治疗采取综合方法 ,对重症患者使用大剂量激素、无创机械通气治疗有效     

Arthroscopic all-inside repair techniques of lateral meniscus anterior horn tear: a technical note

Although the conventional outside-in technique is especially useful for repairing tears in the anterior portion of the meniscus, it has a disadvantage of making an additional 1–2 cm sized skin incision and tying knots subcutaneously over the capsule. Therefore we devised two all-inside repair techniques of lateral meniscus anterior horn tear according to the site of meniscal tear, meniscosynovial junction or red–red zone. Because these techniques are modified methods of the outside-in meniscal repair using a spinal needle, they are as simple as conventional outside-in technique. In addition they have advantages of vertical mattress suture, which is an important characteristic of the all-inside repair, and no additional incision. We recommend these techniques as an alternative method for repairing an anterior horn tear of the lateral meniscus.     

前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣的临床应用

目的总结前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析42例前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣，并结合文献阐明其变异程度及变异的处理。结果骨间背侧血管在前臂中1／3缺如1例．皮瓣边缘坏死；皮瓣向近端延伸超过4cm者4例，远端坏死，延迟愈合；其余均一期愈合：结论虽然前臂骨间背侧血管有变异，但前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣仍是修复手背中等大小创面较为理想的方法，以近点皮肤穿支向近端延伸皮瓣不要超过4cm。